Liyoba yini ikhulu lama-21? Uma ungibuza eminyakeni engu-20 edlule, ake uthi ngoSepthemba 10, 2001, ngizoba nempendulo ecacile: khuthaza inkululeko. Ngemva kokuwa koDonga LwaseBerlin, ukuphela kobandlululo, kanye nezinguquko zikaDeng Xiaoping eShayina, iqoqo lezindinganiso libonakala lihamba phambili-intando yeningi, i-capitalism, egalitarianism, inkululeko yomuntu siqu.
Kuthe emashumini eminyaka alandelayo, ukusabalala kwentando yeningi kwavinjwa kwabe sekuhlehliswa. Omashiqela eChina, Emaphakathi naseMpumalanga Yurophu nakwezinye izifunda baphethe amandla. Sesingene emncintiswaneni osujwayelekile manje phakathi kwenkululeko yentando yeningi kanye nobushiqela.
Kodwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule kwenzeke okuthile okuthakazelisayo: abagunyazi bathole uNkulunkulu. Basebenzisa izimpawu zenkolo njengezimpawu zokuzibonakalisa zobuzwe kanye neziqubulo zomhlangano. Bahlanganisa uquqaba ngemva kwabo ngokusungula izimpi zamasiko ezingapheli. Bayichaza kabusha inkulumo-mpikiswano yomhlaba wonke: ayiseyona ingxabano phakathi kwentando yeningi nobushiqela; iphakathi kokuwohloka kokuziphatha kwabantu abaphakeme baseNtshonalanga kanye nezindinganiso zendabuko kanye nengokomoya eliphakeme labantu abalungile abavamile edolobheni lakubo.
Ngesikhathi lapho ukukhanga kwezinkolo zangempela kubonakala kuncipha, ikhulu lama-21 liphenduka inkathi ye-jihad ehlanganisa imbulunga yonke.
U-Xi Jinping ungomunye wabadali balolu hlobo lokugunyazwa. UMao Zedong wadelela iChina ngaphambi kwenguquko. Kodwa umbuso weXi Jinping awuyekanga umzamo wokwamukela amasiko amadala nezindinganiso zendabuko. Isazi saseShayina uMax Oidtmann sathi ngenkathi kusungulwa “izindinganiso eziyisisekelo zesocialist”, kubekela imingcele izinhlangano zenkolo ezizimele, okuyisivumokholo esihlanganisa umcabango weConfucianism, Taoism, Marxism, kanye noMao Zedong.
Ngesonto eledlule, uhulumeni waseChina uyalele ukuthi kudube osaziwayo “abasisi”. Laba yizihlabani zesilisa ezibukeka kahle ezinobuntu obumnene futhi basolwa ngokwenza ubudoda baseShayina besifazane. Lona omunye wemizamo yokukhombisa ukuthi umbuso uvikela kanjani iShayina ezimpini zamasiko enkohlakalo yokuziphatha yaseNtshonalanga.
Umbuso wombuso wezimiso zokuziphatha ophakeme unomthelela. pNamuhla, isiko liya ngokuya liduma phakathi kwamaShayina ajwayelekile kanye nezihlakaniphi kanye nosopolitiki,q wabhala uXuetong Yan waseTsinghua University ngo-2018. I-inthanethi yaseChina manje igcwele ngokusobala ukuhlaselwa “abamhlophe kwesokunxele” abafundile baseMelika nabaseYurophu abangompetha. ubufazi, amalungelo e-LGBTQ, njll.
UVladimir Putin kanye nabanye omashiqela besifunda badlale imidlalo efanayo. U-Putin usenesikhathi eside ezihlanganisa nezazi zefilosofi zenkolo ezifana no-Ivan Ilin no-Nikolai Berdyaev. Esihlokweni seBerkeley Centre eYunivesithi yaseGeorgetown, uDmitry Uzlaner wabika ukuthi umbuso uzibumba njengesisekelo se-plast yezindinganiso zobuKristu ukuvimbela umhlaba ekuweleni ekukhululekeni. Ukudideka kokuziphatha.
Izimpi zamasiko nazo zagqashuka lapho. Umbuso wabekela i-inthanethi umkhawulo, wazama ukukhawulela ukukhishwa kwezisu, wadambisa impi yokulwa nodlame lwasekhaya, wasebenzisa imithetho yokuhlambalaza, futhi wenqabela ukuhlinzekwa kolwazi olusekela “ubuhlobo bobulili obungezona bendabuko” ezinganeni.
Ngisho nababusi base-United States naseNtshonalanga Yurophu baqala ukuhlanganyela. Isazi sezindaba zamazwe ngamazwe, uTobias Cremer, sibonise ukuthi abaningi abazibiza ngokuthi abashisekeli bobuzwe bamaKrestu abahamba ngendlela efanele nhlangothi zombili ze-Atlantic empeleni abakholwa kangako.
Baqhutshwa yi-nativism kanye nezimo zengqondo zokungahambisani nokufuduka, bese bebamba uphawu lobuKristu ukuze bahlukanise "bona" ku "thina". Ngokwesibonelo, eJalimane, amaqembu aphikisayo aqhosha ngobudlova ngokuthi angamaKristu awasebenzi kahle kubavoti abanezinkolelo ezingokwenkolo zangempela.
Kwesinye isihloko eBerkeley Center, uKramer wabhala ukuthi ontamolukhuni baseMelika baphiko lwesokudla bahlanganisa iziphambano zobuKristu emihlanganweni, basebenzisa izithombe ze-crusader ku-memes yabo, futhi bangase bafune ngisho nemifelandawonye namaqembu angamaKristu abambelele. Kodwa lokhu okukhulunywa ngakho akuphathelene nenkolelo ephilayo, enomdlandla, yendawo yonke, kanye nehlukahlukane ngokwandayo kuJesu Kristu eyenziwa amasonto amaningi aseMelika namuhla. Ngokuphambene, ubuKristu bezombangazwe ngokuyinhloko sebuphenduke uhlobo oluthile lobunikazi obumhlophe. I-Secularized'Christianity': uphawu lokuzibonakalisa ngokwesiko kanye nophawu olumhlophe olungashintshwa namaViking veneers, amafulege e-Confederate, noma izimpawu ze-neo-pagan."
Lezi zikhulu ezigqoke ingubo yenkolo zizovusa ukuhlehla okuphambene nenkolo phakathi kwalabo manje abahlobanisa inkolo nobushiqela, i-nativism, kanye ne-hooliganism evamile. Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, izinga elingakaze libonwe lokungahloniphi izwe eYurophu nase-United States alizange linciphise izimpi ezinonya zamasiko nezingokomoya.
Izikhulu zenkolo mbumbulu zandisa ubungozi bokuziphatha. Benza sengathi ukukhetha komuntu ngamunye, amalungelo abantu, ukuhlukahluka, ukulingana ngokobulili, amalungelo e-LGBTQ kanye nenkululeko yenkolo kuwuhlobo lwakamuva lwe-Western moral imperialism kanye nesandulela sesiphithiphithi sezenhlalo nezokuziphatha.
Thina esisohlangothini lwenkululeko yaseNtshonalanga akukho okunye esingakwenza ngaphandle kokulwa nakho ngokomoya nangokwesiko, okubonisa ukuthi ubuningi buphambene nokuwohloka, indlela ecebile ngokomoya, esebenzayo nephumelelayo yokuthuthukisa isithunzi nokusebenza komuntu. . Umphakathi ovumelanayo.
I-Times izibophezele ekushicileleni izincwadi ezihlukahlukene eziya kumhleli. Sifuna ukuzwa imibono yakho ngalokhu noma yiziphi izihloko zethu. Nawa amanye amathiphu. Lena i-imeyili yethu: letters@nytimes.com.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-16-2021
