I-valve kagesi kanye nezinzuzo ze-pneumatic valve kanye nokubi indlela yokulawula i-pneumatic valve actuator

I-valve kagesi kanye nezinzuzo ze-pneumatic valve kanye nokubi indlela yokulawula i-pneumatic valve actuator

Ukushisa okusebenzayo kunquma izinga lokushisa kwemvelo yesicelo se-valve, futhi ububanzi obujwayelekile be-valve bunqunywa izinga lokushisa lokusebenza. Ngenani elibaliwe lomfaniswano wevalvu ukuze kunqunywe isigaba se-valve yokuvuza noma iyunifomu yenduku, bese ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa kwempahla ukuze kunqunywe ifomu lesakhiwo se-valve, bese ngokuya ngokukhuphuka kwevolumu yokuvuza ubale ububanzi bomphimbo we-valve.
Okulandelayo yimithetho ejwayelekile yokukhetha ama-valve.
Ama-actuator kagesi ama-valve asetshenziswa kakhulu ezitshalweni zamandla noma ezitshalweni zebhethri lenuzi, ngemva kwakho konke, ohlelweni lwesofthiwe yezibhamu zamanzi ezinomfutho ophezulu udinga inqubo ebushelelezi, ezinzile futhi ehamba kancane. Inzuzo ebalulekile ye-actuator kagesi ukuzinza okuphezulu kanye nokuphokophela okuzinzile umsebenzisi angakusebenzisa. I-thrust ekhiqizwa i-actuator enkulu kakhulu ingaba phezulu njenge-225000kgf. I-activator ye-hydraulic kuphela engakwazi ukufeza i-thrust enkulu kangaka, kodwa izindleko zobunjiniyela be-hydraulic actuator zizoba phezulu kakhulu kunekagesi. Izinga le-anti-offset le-actuator kagesi lihle kakhulu. I-output thrust noma i-torque ngokuyisisekelo izinzile, engasusa amandla angalingani we-medium futhi ifinyelele ukulawula okunembile kwenkomba yenqubo. Ngakho-ke, ukunemba kokulawula kungaphezulu kwalokho kwe-actuator kagesi. Uma i-servo amplifier isetshenziswa, ingaqedela kalula ukushintshaniswa kwemiphumela emihle nemibi, futhi futhi isethe kalula indawo ye-valve yesiginali yekhefu (gcina / ivule / ivale), futhi iphutha kufanele likhawulelwe kumsuka, okuyiwo. futhi engenziwanga i-actuator kagesi, i-actuator kagesi kufanele ithembele kusethi yesistimu yokuzivikela ukuze kuzuzwe ukuvikelwa kwendawo. Amaphutha e-actuator kagesi ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, okungenzeka kakhulu kwenzeke amaphutha avamile, futhi ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kwawo, izidingo zobuchwepheshe zabasebenzi bokulungisa ukwakhiwa zizoba phezulu kakhulu; Ukusebenza kwemoto kufanele kushise, uma kulungiswa kaningi, kube lula ukubangela ukushisa kwemoto, okuholela ekuvikelweni kokushisa, kodwa futhi kuqinise ukugqokwa kwegiya lokunciphisa; Kukhona nokusebenza okuhamba kancane, kusukela kusilawuli okukhipha isignali, ukulungisa impendulo ye-valve kanye nokuzivocavoca kokuqina engxenyeni ehambisanayo, kufanele kube isikhathi eside, lokhu kuphinde kuqhathaniswe nendawo ye-pneumatic, hydraulic actuator. Indlela yokuphatha i-actuator kagesi ye-valve kanye nendlela yokushayela iyinhlangano ephelele, indlela yayo yokuphatha inohlobo lwefilimu yepulasitiki noma umshini wepiston izigaba ezimbili.
Ukuhlelwa komshini we-piston yinde, kusebenza ebukhoneni bendawo ethile yokuphonswa; Ukuhlelwa kwe-membrane stroke kuncane, futhi isihlalo kuphela esiphushwa ngokushesha. Ngenxa yokuthi i-actuator ye-pneumatic inezici zesakhiwo esihlangene, i-thrust enkulu yokukhipha, ukuma okuzinzile nokuthembekile, nokuphepha nobufakazi bokuqhuma, ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ekukhiqizeni iziteshi zamandla, izitshalo zamakhemikhali, izihlungi zikawoyela nezinye izidingo zokuphepha eziphezulu. Izici eziyinhloko ze-actuator ye-pneumatic: yamukela isignali yedatha yegesi eqhubekayo, i-offset parallel line offset (imishini yokuguqula amandla/igesi, ingamukela namasiginali kagesi aqhubekayo), enye kanye nengalo, ingakhipha isivinini se-angular.
Kukhona amandla amahle kanye nokusabela.
Ijubane lokunyakaza liphezulu, kodwa ijubane liyancipha njengoba umthwalo ukhula.
Amandla okukhiphayo ahlobene nezinga lokushisa lokusebenza.
Ukuthembeka okuphezulu, kodwa i-valve ayikwazi ukugcinwa ngemva kokuphumula kokugcina kwe-valve ye-pneumatic (ingagcinwa ngemva kokwengeza i-valve yokugcina).
Akulula ukuqedela ukulawula kwesigaba nokulawula ukugeleza.
Ukugcinwa okulula, ukuguquguquka okuhle kwemvelo.
Okukhiphayo Amandla okukhiphayo makhulu.
Ngomsebenzi wokuvikela umlilo.
Indlela yokulawula ye-actuator ye-pneumatic valve yingoba ziningi izindlela zokulawula kanye nezindlela namuhla. Ekulawulweni kokukhiqizwa kwezimboni ezithile kanye nokulawulwa kokukhiqizwa kwezimboni, izindlela ezisetshenziswa ukulawula ama-actuator womoya nazo ziningi kakhulu. Ezivamile zimi kanje.
Ithuluzi lokubonisa elihlakaniphile lisetshenziselwa ukubona isimo sokusebenza se-valve, nokulawula isikhathi sesiqinisekiso se-valve somsebenzi ofanele wensimbi nezinto zokusebenza, ikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa inzwa yesigaba esikabili ukuqapha indawo yokusebenza kwe-valve, ukuhlukanisa i-valve ku-valve evulekile. noma i-valve evaliwe, ngokohlelo olubhaliwe lwedatha yokushintsha i-valve, futhi kunezindlela ezimbili ezihambisana nokuvula i-valve engu-4 ~ 20mA okukhiphayo kanye ne-bipedal ngokuvamile evulekile okukhiphayo okuvamise ukuvaleka.
Ngalesi siginali yedatha ephumayo, lawula indawo yokushintsha amandla e-valve.
Ngokwezidingo zesofthiwe yohlelo, ithuluzi lokubonisa ivalvu elihlakaniphile lingahlukaniswa libe izingxenye ezintathu kusukela ekwakhiweni kwezingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha nokukhiqizwa: ingxenye yokulingisa, ingxenye yedatha, ukhiye wokusebenza/ingxenye yenkomba.
I-1, ingxenye yesekethe edidiyelwe yedijithali ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa ukushintshwa kwamandla kagesi, isekethe yokufaka ugesi we-analog, okokufaka kwe-analog kanye nesekhethi yokukhipha amandla okuphumayo izingxenye ezintathu.
Isigaba sokushintshwa kwamandla sihlinzeka ngawo wonke amandla esekethe yamandla e-kinetic, okuhlanganisa amasekhethi adidiyelwe edijithali, idizayini yesekethe yedijithali kanye nezidingo zamandla ezinelebula.
Ukuze ubone isilawuli kude sokuvuleka kwe-valve, okuqukethwe kolwazi lokuvula i-valve kudinga ukudluliselwa kwenye ideshibhodi yokulawula, ngesikhathi esifanayo ideshibhodi yokulawula ingathuthukiswa ukusuka ku-valve yebanga ukuze kuvuleke okuthile, isofthiwe yesistimu kufanele ibe yi-4 ~ 20mA. Isignali yedatha yokufaka ye-analog kanye ne-1 ~ 2 4 ~ 20mA ye-analogi yokufaka nesignali yedatha yokuphumayo.
Isignali yedatha yokufaka ye-analog iguqulwa ibe isignali ye-analog ehambisana nokuvuleka kwevalvu ngokusho kwe-A/D bese yethulwa engxenyeni yedatha yomklamo we-single-chip microcomputer, futhi ingaphuma ngemva kokuhlunga ukucubungula ku-single-chip microcomputer. umklamo. Okuqukethwe kolwazi lokuvula kwe-valve kuguqulwa kube Ukukhishwa kwesignali yedijithali ngokusho kwe-D/A, esetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ithuluzi lokubonisa ukukhombisa ukuvulwa kwe-valve noma ukuxhuma eminye imishini yokulawula kanye nemishini. Ethuluzini lokuklama, ulwazi ngalunye lwedatha yesiginali yedijithali lusebenzisa ukuxhumana kwe-serial kwendlela yokukhiphayo, ukuze kongiwe izinsiza zenethiwekhi ye-chip yokucubungula nendawo, okokufaka okungu-4 ~ 20mA kwe-analog uma okokufaka kuvolumu, isiteshi esikhona esingu-4. I-chip yokucubungula ye-DA kanye nezinsiza zeseva ye-microcontroller engu-51 zihlanganiswe eduze kuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-8-bit AD.
2. Ingxenye yomklamo wesekethe yedijithali ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa: idizayini ye-microcomputer ye-single-chip, ukuvikelwa kokuhluleka kwamandla, ukutholwa kweshaneli ekabili yesiginali yokufaka i-pulse eyodwa, ishaneli ekabili ngokuvamile evula okukhiphayo othintana naye we-conversion ovaliwe ngokuvamile.
Ekwakhiweni kohlelo, i-AT89C4051 isetshenziswa kabanzi kulesi sigaba.
I-AT89C4051 iyi-low-voltage, ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-CMOS8-bit microcontroller ene-4K byte esulekayo, i-chip memory evikelwe umbhali we-flash evikelwe.
Ukuze kuhlanganiswe i-flash chip ye-8-bit ye-CPU esebenzayo ku-chip ye-soc, kuzici, i-Command Settings namaphinikhodi kanye no-80C51 kanye no-80C52 ukuzivumelanisa ngokuphelele.
Kucatshangelwa ngokugcwele ukuthi lapho okokusebenza kucishiwe noma kuqalwa kabusha, kuyadingeka ukuthi kugcinwe amanye amapharamitha ayinhloko ama-valve abekwe ngaphambilini kuphaneli yensimbi, futhi inkumbulo ekwakhiweni kwe-single-chip microcomputer ayinawo umsebenzi wokucisha isitoreji. , ngakho-ke i-chip X5045 esebenza ngokucinywa kwesitoreji inwetshwa ngaphandle kwe-chip.
I-X5045 iyisekhethi yamandla ehlelekayo ehlanganisa i-watchdog 1, ukuqapha amandla kanye nokuxhumana kwe-serial EEPROM. Lolu hlobo lokuklama okuhlanganisiwe lunganciphisa isidingo sesifunda samandla esikhala sebhodi lesifunda. I-Watchdog 1 ku-X5045 ihlinzeka ngokulungiswa kwesistimu. I-watchdog 1 ebhodini lesekethe izothatha isignali yedatha ye-RESET ku-CPU.
I-X5045 iletha amanani esikhathi amathathu ukuze umsebenzisi akhethe uhlelo lokusebenza.
Inomsebenzi wokuqapha i-voltage esebenzayo futhi ingavikela isistimu ethonyeni le-voltage ephansi, lapho amandla amanje awe ngaphansi kwebanga elivumelekile, azolinganiswa ngokuzenzekelayo kuze kube yilapho amandla amanje ebuyela kunani elizinzile.
I-memory chip ye-X5045 ingaxhumana ne-CPU ngembobo ye-serial.
Isamba sezinhlamvu ezingu-4069 singaboniswa kumabhayithi angu-512 x 8.
Ukwakheka kwephinikhodi ye-X5045 kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1 ngezansi. Inezikhonkwane ezingu-8 sezizonke, futhi ukusebenza kahle kwephini ngalinye kuboniswa kanje: CS: khetha ukuphela komjikelezo wamandla, imvamisa kagesi ephansi enengqondo; SO: i-serial data output terminal; SI: ukugcina idatha ye-serial; I-SCK: i-serial communication digital clock okukhipha ukuphela; I-WP: ukubhala okokufaka kokuvikela, imvamisa yamandla aphansi inengqondo; SETHA KABUSHA: linganisa ukuphela kokuphumayo; I-Vcc: ukushintsha indawo yokugcina amandla; Vss: itheminali yaphansi.
I-INA iyisiginali yokufaka, okuyisignali ehlukile yevalvu (10mA) eqoqwe inzwa ye-infrared. Isignali yedatha ihlungwa yi-capacitor yesihlungi bese ithunyelwa ku-optocoupler, eguqulwa ibe isignali ye-voltage ephumayo futhi ithunyelwe kumklamo we-MCU.
I-voltage ephumayo ingaba ngqo embobeni ye-I/O eklanywe i-chip microcomputer eyodwa. Ekulawulweni, kuphela uma womabili ama-pulses esiteshi esisodwa esingu-A no-B etholwa lapho kungabhekwa khona ukuthi okokufaka kungesignali yedatha, u-AB ujike uphozithivu futhi i-BA ihlehla.
Ungabali uma isignali yedatha eyodwa kuphela ibhalwa.
Vula futhi uvale kabili, ngokuvamile uvule futhi kuvale ukushintsha okukhiphayo othintana naye.
Isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ama-relay, ngokuya ngokudonsa kwevalvu ye-solenoid yokulawula ukulawula i-actuator ye-pneumatic yendawo ehambisanayo yokuvula noma yokuvala.
3. Ingxenye yombukiso ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi: idizayini ye-microcomputer ye-single-chip, ukuboniswa kwe-4-bit LED, izibani zesimo ezingu-3 (okuzenzakalelayo, phambili, ukuhlehla), okhiye bokusebenza abangu-3 (ukhiye we-MODE/SET, ukhiye waphezulu, ukhiye waphansi).
I-AT89C4051 single chip microcomputer isetshenziselwa ukulawula isibonisi se-4-bit LED, kanye nokuxhumana nengxenye yedatha yomklamo we-chip microcomputer eyodwa, kodwa futhi ukwenza ukukhetha okuhambisanayo nokulawula kwesilawuli.
Ithuluzi lokubonisa linikezwa izibani zesimo ezintathu ukuze zibonise isimo se-actuator: ukuzungezisa okwewashi, ukuhlehla, okuzenzakalelayo; Okhiye abathathu bokusebenza: Ukhiye we-MODE/SET, ukhiye ophezulu, ukhiye ophansi, lawula imodi yokusebenza ye-actuator kanye neminye imingcele yokusetha kabusha.
Lezi zingxenye ezi-3 zixhunywe ngokuvumelana nojeke, zakha isofthiwe yesistimu yokulawula ephelele, engalawula amanye amaphampu womoya afanayo namanye ama-actuator. Ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, zonke izinhlobo zepharamitha yokusebenza kwe-pre-standard ziyaqedwa.
(okubili) ukusetshenziswa kwe-PLC ukulawula isofthiwe ku-software yesistimu yokulawula kakhulu nangaphezulu, ngoba lolu hlelo lokwenza ukuthuthukiswa nokuklama kwe-OMRON's PLC ngenhla, ngakho-ke ku-OMRON's PLC ukwenza isingeniso.
Ukucushwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha: Ikhompuyutha engu-1, isethi engu-1 ye-PLC (okuhlanganisa i-CPU, imojula yokulawula ye-I/O, > Umgomo wayo wokuqamba uthi: nge-PC ngokuvumelana ne-RS-232 yokuxhumana kwe-serial exhunywe ku-OMRON PLC, ukwenza izinhlelo nokuqondisa kwe-PLC.
Imodyuli yokulawula ye-PLC I / O ngokulandelana exhunywe kokufaka, isignali yedatha yokukhipha, lapho imodyuli yokufaka idluliselwa ku-valve ku-sensor yesigaba se-2, ngokusho kwemodyuli yokufaka ye-PLC> ngokusho kwe-PLC yokulawula ukuphuma kwemodule OC225 control 2 solenoid i-valve, i-solenoid valve enamaqembu angu-2 avame ukuvuleka ngokuvamile avaliwe okukhiphayo, iqembu elingu-1 lokuxhumana okuphumayo kwe-valve evulekile, iqembu elingu-1 lokuxhumana okuphumayo kwe-valve evaliwe.
Lapho uvula i-valve, lapho ukuvulwa kwe-valve kukhulu noma kulingana nenani elikhethekile lokubeka i-valve ngemva kokuvula indawo yokuxhumana ye-valve, ukuvulwa kwe-valve kungaphansi kwenani elikhethekile lokubeka i-valve ngemva kokuvula indawo yokuxhumana ye-valve, dala ukusungulwa. yokuvula ukulinganisa kokuxhumana kwe-valve ngemva kokuvula kuphansi kunevelu ekhethekile yokumisa i-valve.
Uma uvala i-valve, lapho i-valve ivaliwe endaweni ye-zero futhi kungekho okokufaka kwe-pulse eyodwa phakathi kwama-21s, indawo yokuxhumana okukhipha i-valve ivaliwe; Uma kukhona okokufaka kwe-monopulse kuma-21s, bambezeleka u-21s usuke endaweni yokuxhumana okukhiphayo.
Ngokusho kokumuncwa kwe-valve ye-solenoid ukulawula ukushintshwa kwamandla kwama-valve amabili e-solenoid, i-relay iyavulwa, futhi i-actuator ye-pneumatic valve ingalawulwa ukukhuthaza i-valve ukwenza indawo ehambisanayo yokuvula noma yokuvala.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-proximity switch esimweni sokushintsha amandla e-valve idluliselwa ku-PLC, futhi iqhathaniswa nokuvulwa kwe-valve evamile kuze kube yilapho ihlangabezana nezidingo zokunqanyulwa.
Uziro ozenzakalelayo ogcwele nokusetha okuzenzakalelayo okugcwele: isofthiwe yesistimu yokulawula inomsebenzi we-othomathikhi yero kanye nokusetha okuzenzakalelayo okugcwele. Lapho ukuvulwa kwevalvu kuphansi kunokubuyela enanini lebanga elinguziro noma ibanga lokuvula i-valve ligcwele lingaphansi kwenani eliphelele lohlu lokulungiswa, futhi isikhathi sikhulu noma silingana nenani elimisiwe lenani lesikhathi esizinzile, i-PLC valve yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo. ukwenza ukubuyisela kuqanda noma ukulungiselelwa okuzenzakalelayo okugcwele.
Ekusebenzeni kokuhlola, ukuvulwa kwe-valve kukalwa ngenzwa yesigaba ku-valve.
Uma i-valve ishiya inzwa A kuqala bese kuba inzwa B, ibonisa ukuthi i-valve ivaliwe.
Uma i-valve ishiya inzwa B kuqala bese kuba inzwa A, ikhombisa ukuthi i-valve ivuliwe.
Inzwa ithola isignali ehlukile, erekhoda isimo se-valve ngokusho kwesignali yedatha eqoqwe inzwa yesigaba. Uhlelo oluncane lubhalwe i-CX-programmer, isofthiwe yokulawula izinombolo, futhi yalandwa ku-PLC ukuze isebenze. Uhlelo oluncane luyalawulwa futhi lugadwe ekucushweni kwesoftware yekhompyutha ephezulu. Inani lokushintsha kwamandla e-valve lingachazwa ngenani lendilinga yokufaka ekhasini lokumisa.
Ngemva kokuba ikhasi lesofthiwe yokumisa seliqediwe, izenzo zendikimba yokulawula yokuvula i-valve, ukuvala i-valve, ukunqanyulwa nokulawulwa kwesango elikhulu kungasebenza ngokuqondile kusixhumi esibonakalayo sesofthiwe yokumisa ngokucace kakhulu. Isimiso se-pneumatic valve actuator sisebenzisa igesi ecindezelwe ukukhuthaza ukunyakaza kwe-pneumatic okuphindaphindiwe kwezingxenye eziningi ku-actuator, isekela izici ze-bearing beam kanye nesitimela sangaphakathi se-curve, ikhuthaza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kwebheringi lokuphotha elingenalutho, idlulisela i-disc yegesi ecindezelwe komunye nomunye. isilinda, ishintsha indawo yokungena komoya kanye nezingxenye zokuphuma ukuze iguqule isiqondiso sebheringi yokuphotha, futhi ishintsha isiqondiso sebheringi yokuphotha ngokwezidingo zetorque yokuzungezisa yomthwalo (ivalvu). Ingakwazi ukulungisa inani lokwakheka kwesilinda, iphushe umthwalo (i-valve) isebenza.
Ukudluliselwa kwezindlela ezinhlanu okunezikhundla ezimbili kuvame ukusetshenziswa kuhlanganiswe ne-dual-effect pneumatic actuator, kanti indawo emibili iyalawuleka ezingxenyeni ezimbili: I-Open-off, indlela emihlanu ineziteshi ezinhlanu zokuphepha zokushintshana komoya, okuthi oku-1 kuzo kuxhunywe nayo. i-valve ye-pneumatic, i-2 ixhunywe ne-inlet kanye ne-outlet yekamelo langaphakathi le-brake yesilinda esibamba kabili, futhi i-2 iyaqhubeka nokungena nokuphuma kwekamelo le-brake yesakhiwo sangaphakathi. Umgomo wangempela wokusebenza ungadluliselwa kumgomo we-double effect pneumatic actuator.