I-EPA inxusa iNew York City ukuthi ibhekane nokugcinwa kwendle

UJennifer Medina uthi ukugcinwa njalo kwamapayipi endle ekhaya lakhe laseQueens kudla imali yomndeni wakhe futhi kubangela isifuba somoya. Ngosuku olunemvula ehlobo elidlule, umama waseBrooklyn wezingane ezine wayekhulelwe ingane yakhe yesihlanu lapho ezwa amanzi etheleka egumbini lakhe elingaphansi. Wehla ngezitebhisi wacishe wakhala. indle. "Kwakuyindle. Kwakuyisonto ngaphambi kokuba ngithole ingane yami futhi ngihlanze yonke into - amahembe angaphansi, izingubo zokulala, izihlalo zemoto, amakalishi, ama-strollers, konke," kusho umama ongathandanga ukudalulwa igama lakhe ukhululiwe ngoba esaba ukubambezeleka. inkokhelo yesicelo sakhe somonakalo edolobheni. “Ngaqala ngenzela umyeni wami amavidiyo ukuze angitshele ukuthi ngingakumisa kanjani, ngabe sengithi ‘oh zingane zami, gijimani nikhuphuke ngezitebhisi’ - ngoba kufika emaqakaleni ami,” kusho uMead. Kusho isakhamuzi saseWood. Ukwesekwa kuphinde kube yinkinga emphakathini wakubo, kusho uJennifer Medina, 48, ohlala eQueens eqhele ngamamayela ambalwa. Uthe okungenani kanye ngonyaka, indle ikhukhula egunjini lakhe elingaphansi futhi iphunga elibi eligulisayo ligcwala indlu. "Bekuhlale kuyinkinga, muva nje kunakuqala," kusho uMedina, enezela ukuthi ukulondoloza imali kube yinkinga kusukela umndeni womyeni wakhe wathenga umuzi ngaseSouth Ozone Park eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-38 edlule. Iningi labantu baseNew York liyakwesaba ukuphuma emvuleni, kodwa kwabanye abahlala emadolobheni, ukuhlala ekhaya akungcono kakhulu. Kweminye imiphakathi, indle engagezwanga igeleza ezindlini zangasese ezingaphansi, amashawa kanye nemisele phakathi nezimvula ezinamandla, izindlu zangasese ezigcwala iphunga lendle engagezwanga. kanye nendle yabantu enganakiwe.Kwabaningi balezi zakhamuzi, inkinga ayiyona into entsha. UMedina uthe ushayele i-311, inombolo yocingo yedolobha ukuze athole usizo olungasongela impilo, izikhathi eziningi ukuze athole usizo ekuxazululeni lezi zinxushunxushu ezinyanyekayo nezimba eqolo. "Kunjengokungathi abanandaba. Benza sengathi akuyona inkinga yabo," kusho uMedina mayelana nempendulo yedolobha.* Nakuba ukuchithwa kwendle okungaphekiwe emifuleni nasezindleleni zamanzi ezungeze iDolobha laseNew York kuye kwanakwa kakhulu, izindawo zokuhlala ezigcina indle eziye zahlupha. ezinye izindawo zamadolobha amashumi eminyaka zithole ukunakwa okuncane kakhulu. Inkinga ibidlange kakhulu ezingxenyeni zaseBrooklyn, eQueens naseStaten Island, kodwa futhi yenzeke emiphakathini kuzo zonke izifunda ezinhlanu. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, idolobha lizamile ukulungisa le nkinga, kube nemiphumela ehlukene. Manje i-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) iyangena. Ngo-Agasti odlule, le nhlangano yakhipha umyalelo wokuthobela umthetho ophoqelela idolobha ukuthi licubungule izinkinga osekunesikhathi eside. "Idolobha linomlando obhaliwe wezindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba kanye nendle engena ezindlini ezingaphansi kwezindawo zokuhlala nezohwebo," kusho uDouglas McKenna, umqondisi we-EPA wokuthotshelwa kwamanzi, ngemininingwane idolobha elinikeze i-EPA. Ngokusho komyalelo, idolobha "alizange libhekane nokwephulwa kwemithetho ngesivinini nangesilinganiso esidingekayo ukuze kuvikelwe abahlali." Lesi sikhungo sithe lezi zinsiza zifaka izakhamuzi ezindleleni ezingagezwanga, eziyingozi empilweni yabantu.Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kuphinde kwephule uMthetho Wamanzi Ahlanzekile ngokuvumela ukuthi amanzi angcolile angagezwanga alahlwe emigwaqweni eseduze namanzi. Ngokukhipha umyalo (uMcKenna athi awusona isijeziso), i-EPA idinga ukuthi idolobha lihambisane noMthetho Wamanzi Ahlanzekile, lithuthukise futhi liqalise uhlelo lokusebenza nokulungisa, izikhalazo zemibhalo engcono futhi andise obala ekusingatheni lezi zinkinga. usemthethweni umsebenzi idolobha eselivele liwenza, esho. Ngokwencwadi ehlinzekwe yi-EPA, iDolobha laseNew York lathola i-oda ngo-Septhemba 2 futhi linezinsuku ezingu-120 zokuqalisa uhlelo lokusebenza nokulungisa. backups, "ngomgomo omkhulu wokuqeda isistimu yonke yokubeka indle." Encwadini yangomhla zingama-23 ku-Jan., i-EPA yagunyaza ukunwetshwa okuhlongozwa kwedolobha ukuze kwelulwe umnqamulajuqu wokulethwa kwalolu hlelo kube umhla zingama-31 kuNhlaba wezi-2017. UMcKenna uphinde wathi i-EPA nayo ifuna ukucaca kakhudlwana edolobheni. Njengesibonelo, wakhomba umbiko "weSimo Semibhobho", ohlanganisa idatha enanini lamapayipi endle atholwa yisifunda, kanye nolwazi mayelana nezinyathelo zokulungisa idolobha eselizenzile. kusho uMcKenna. umbiko, okufanele uhlale usesidlangalaleni, wawutholakala ngo-2012 no-2013, kodwa hhayi eminyakeni yamuva. Incwadi yangoJanuwari 23 ikhombisa ukuthi iDolobha liphakamise ukufaka esikhundleni sombiko "weSimo Sendle" odingwa yi-EPA (ngenxa ye-EPA ngoFebhu. 15) ngedeshibhodi ephethwe kusizindalwazi se-DEP. I-EPA ayikasigunyazanga lesi siphakamiso futhi ukucela iDolobha ngolwazi olwengeziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ulwazi lufinyeleleka esidlangalaleni kuwebhusayithi ye-DEP futhi kuhlanganisa izixhumanisi ezicacile, okuhlanganisa imiyalelo yokuthi ungafinyelela kanjani kudatha. UMnyango Wezamanzi Nezindawo Zokuthuthwa Kwendle waseNew York awuzange uphawule ngezindaba ezithile eziphathelene nokugcinwa kwendle okubikiwe noma i-oda le-EPA, kodwa esitatimendeni esithunyelwe nge-imeyili, umkhulumeli uthe, "Idolobha laseNew York litshale izigidigidi zamaRandi ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lwethu lwamanzi angcolile. kanye nendlela yethu eqhutshwa yidatha, indlela esheshayo yokusebenza nokugcinwa kwayo ithuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza nokuthembeka, okuhlanganisa nokwehliswa ngamaphesenti angama-33 kwezipele zendle.” Okhulumela i-DEP uphinde wathi kule minyaka engu-15 edlule, uMnyango utshale imali ecishe ibe yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-16 ekuthuthukiseni amanzi angcolile edolobheni futhi wenze nezinhlelo zokunciphisa inani lamafutha asendlini angena ohlelweni, kanye nezinhlelo zokusiza abanikazi bezindlu ukuba balondoloze impilo yabo yangasese. .ipayipi lendle Izindlu zivame ukuxhunywa ohlelweni lwendle yedolobha ngemigqa esuka endlini iye emapayipini edolobha angaphansi komgwaqo.Njengoba lezi zixhumanisi zisendaweni yomuntu siqu, umnikazi wendlu unesibopho sokuzigcina zisesimweni esihle.Ngokwezilinganiso zedolobha, ngaphezu kwalokho. Amaphesenti angama-75 emibiko yezinkinga zamapayipi endle abangelwa izinkinga ngezintambo ezizimele zendle. ukungena ohlelweni, kanye nezinhlelo zokusiza abanikazi bezindlu ukuthi bagcine indle yangasese.I-Grease ingakha futhi inamathele ngaphakathi kwemisele, ivimbele noma ivimbele ukugeleza kwamanzi angcolile. Kodwa umbhangqwana waseMedina kanye nomakhelwane babo bathi amafutha akuyona inkinga yabo yaseQueens, noma ukuvaleka kwepayipi labo eliyimfihlo. "Sikhokhele osebenza ngamapayipi ukuze azoyibona," kusho uNkk Medina."Basitshela ukuthi inkinga ayikho kithina, ingeyedolobha, kodwa kwakumele sikhokhele ucingo noma kunjalo." Umyeni wakhe uRoberto ukhulele endlini asebehlala kuyo manje, athi unina wayithenga ekuqaleni kwawo-1970. "Ngisanda kukhula nayo," esho, ebhekisela kuma-backups."Ngifunde ukuphila nayo." “Isixazululo sethu kule nkinga wuthayela ongaphansi osiza ekuhlanzeni ngoba siyawukolobha bese siyawugcoba,” usho kanje. "Sifake umshini wokubuyela emuva futhi wasiza, kodwa kwakuyisiphakamiso esibizayo," esho.Abanikazi bezindlu bafaka ama-valve okubuyisela kanye namanye ama-valve okulawula ukugeleza ukuze bavikele indle ukuthi ingagelezi ibuyele emakhaya abo, ngisho nalapho izinhlelo zedolobha zihluleka. Izakhamuzi eziningi kufanele zifake amavalvu angabiza phakathi kuka-$2,500 no-$3,000 noma ngaphezulu, kuye ngokwakhiwa kwendlu ngayinye, kusho uJohn Good, uchwepheshe wenkonzo yamakhasimende e-Balkan Plumbing. i-backup valve) iqukethe umshini ovala lapho amanzi angcolile eqala ukugeleza esuka ezindleleni zedolobha. Ngemva kokuhlala emzini wakhe oseBronx iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-26, uFrancis Ferrer wathi wayazi ukuthi uma ithoyilethi lakhe lingagezi noma lingageli kancane, kukhona okungahambi kahle. “Omakhelwane bami bebefika bangibuze ukuthi unenkinga yini ngoba sinenkinga? futhi uyazi," kusho yena. "Sekuphele iminyaka engu-26 kunjena. Akukho ongakwenza ngakho. Yilokho-ke," kusho uFerrer." Kwaphuma indle kunuka yonke into ngoba empeleni bekusendlini ngoba ugibe lusendlini." U-Larry Miniccello usehlale endaweni yase-Sheepshead Bay e-Brooklyn iminyaka engu-38. Uthe ukhathele ukubhekana nama-backups amapayipi endle futhi wafaka i-valve yokubuya eminyakeni embalwa edlule. "Uma ungenalo lolo hlobo lwevalvu ukuze amanzi angabuyeli emuva, uzosha kulo makhelwane -- akubuzwa ngakho," esho. “Okwenzeka wukuthi ngithe uma ngiyiphakamisa kancane yakhafula, kwase kuyindle, kwadingeka ngisebenzise isando ukuyiqongqotha ngiyicindezele phansi. Bekusebusuku obubi,” usho kanje. Ilungu loMkhandlu WaseNew York u-Chaim Deutsch umele uMinichello nomakhelwane bakhe eSigcemeni sama-48 saseBrooklyn. Ngemva kwemvula enkulu ehlobo eledlule, uDeutsh uhlele umhlangano womphakathi ukuze alethe ukunaka kulolu daba. Abantu sebeyajwayela futhi balindele ukuthi noma nini uma lina kakhulu kumele bahlole indawo abangaphansi kwayo,” kusho uDeutsch. Uthe umhlangano unikeze i-DEP ithuba lokuzwa ngqo kubahlali.Izakhamuzi zafunda ngamavalvu ezingawafaka kanye nomshwalense otholakalayo wokukhanda indle yabanikazi bezindlu.I-American Water Resources inikeza umshuwalense kubanikazi bezindlu ngokusebenzisa izikweletu zanyanga zonke zamanzi. Kodwa nalabo ababhalisayo abakhaviwe ngenxa yomonakalo ngenxa yezinkinga zendle yedolobha, nomonakalo wempahla ngenxa yama-backups awumboziwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inkinga ikuphi. "Silungisa izindawo ezivimbekile ezintanjeni zendle eziphethwe ngamakhasimende, kodwa ukulinyazwa kwempahla yomuntu siqu ezindlini zamakhasimende ngenxa ye-backups akufakiwe kulolu hlelo," kusho uRichard Barnes, okhulumela i-American Water Resources. Omunye wabanikazi bezindlu baseDolobheni laseNew York uhlanganyele ohlelweni. "Lezi akuzona izixazululo," kusho u-Deutsch."Ekupheleni kosuku, abantu abafanele ukulondolozwa kwendle. Kudingeka senze konke esingakwenza ukuze singaphili kanje kuze kube yilapho kwenziwa okunye okuhlala njalo." Abantu sebeyijwayele kangangoba abafoni ku-311 uma ungafoni ku-311 ubike ukuthi isitamkoko sibuyile kuba sengathi akukaze kwenzeke,” usho kanje, wengeza ngokuthi imali yokuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda ivamise ukuya. Umphakathi obhala isikhalo. "Benze inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile ekunciphiseni ama-backups ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwangu-50 eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Nokho, sicabanga ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuba baqhubeke nale nqubekela phambili futhi baphinde bavakashele futhi baqhamuke nezinye izindlela zokunciphisa ama-backups nakakhulu, "kusho uMcKenna. . UMinichello uveza ukuthi uhlelo lwendle lusiza abantu abaningi kakhulu kunalokho obekuklanyelwe ukuphatha. “Angicabangi ukuthi kufaneleka ukusho ukuthi idolobha aliwenzi kahle umsebenzi walo, ngoba lokho akwenzeki kaningi,” kusho uMiccello. ." "Wonke umuntu uyamemeza ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu," kusho uMiccello." Kuthiwani uma siqala ukuna njalo -- yini okufanele sikhathazeke ngayo njalo uma lina? Uzokutshela," esho, evuma ngekhanda kumkakhe uMarilyn. “Njalo uma linetha ngehla, ngiyobheka kathathu-mhlawumbe ihora lesithathu ekuseni ngizwe ukuthi liyana bese ngehla ngenzela ukuthi amanzi awangeni ngoba kumele usheshe ubambe. Ngisho noma imvula inganyuki, izakhamuzi zaseQueens zithi kukhona okumele kwenziwe.UNksz Medina uchaze impendulo yedolobha ngokuthi “ukuntenga” wathi idolobha alinacala kulolu daba, okwamane kwamengeza ukukhungatheka kwakhe. "Kube yinkinga selokhu sathenga [umuzi], ngezinye izikhathi ngisho noma imvula ingani," kusho uBibi Hussain, 49, onakekela unina osekhulile, owathenga umuzi ngo-1989 .Ungomunye wabo. iphesenti elincane labantu ababika "ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yesimo sezulu esomile," okungahlangene nhlobo nesimo sezulu. "Asikwazi ukushiya lutho phansi. Sibeka izinto phezulu ngoba asazi ukuthi kuzoba nini isikhukhula," kusho u-Hussain, wengeza ngokuthi akekho ongachaza ukuthi kungani umndeni wakhe kufanele ubhekane nakho. NjengoMedina, uthe ngemuva kokusekela konke, umndeni wakhe uzokhokhela umuntu osebenza ngamapayipi owatshela ukuthi inkinga imayelana nohlelo lwedolobha.