Ubuchwepheshe bokufaka: ukufakwa kwe-valve yepayipi ye-boiler ipayipi kufanele kunake amaphuzu amathathu alandelayo

Ubuchwepheshe bokufaka: ukufakwa kwe-valve yamapayipi okubolisa kufanele kunake amaphuzu amathathu alandelayo (1) Ngaphambi kokufakwa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamavalvu, hlola lokhu okulandelayo: ukuthi izinto zokupakisha ziyahlangabezana yini nezidingo zokuklama nokuthi indlela yokupakisha ilungile yini. Isiqu se-valve lapho sipakisha uphawu sigqwalile. Ukuthi iswishi iyavumelana nezimo futhi inkomba ilungile. 1. Hlola i-valve ngaphambi kokufakwa Ngemva kokuba i-valve ikhethwe kahle, kufanele ifakwe ngendlela efanele ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kwayo kahle. Kodwa i-valve kufanele ifakwe ngaphambi kokuhlolwa nokuhlolwa. (1) Hlola lokhu okulandelayo ngaphambi kokufakwa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamavalvu: Ukuthi impahla yokugcwalisa iyahlangabezana yini nezidingo zokuklama, nokuthi indlela yokugcwalisa ilungile yini. Isiqu se-valve lapho sipakisha uphawu sigqwalile. Ukuthi iswishi iyavumelana nezimo futhi inkomba ilungile. Ukubukeka kwe-valve yokusakaza ngaphandle kwamaphutha okukhiqiza asobala. (2) Ukuqina kufanele kubhekwe ngaphambi kokufakwa Njengengxenye evaliwe yevalvu (esebenza njengomsebenzi wokuhlukanisa), kufanele kufakwe ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kokuqina, ukuhlola isihlalo kanye nenkaba yevalvu, ikhava kanye negumbi lokupakisha lenhlanganisela ukuqina. Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-valve kuzokwenziwa izikhathi ezingu-1.25 zokucindezela kwe-nameplate. Ngomnyango wezokuphepha noma umfutho ojwayelekile ungaphansi noma ulingana no-0.6Mpa futhi ububanzi begama bukhulu noma bulingana no-800mm wevalvu, ukuphrinta kombala kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukucinana kwendawo yokuvala i-valve core. Kumavalvu amakhulu ashiselwe anobubanzi obuncane obukhulu kuno-600mm, uwoyela noma amanzi agelezayo angasetshenziswa esikhundleni sokuhlolwa kokuqina komfutho wamanzi. Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-valve, akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuba ne-grease nezinye izinto zokumboza endaweni yokubopha. Ukuqina kwe-valve ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic kufanele kuhambisane nemithetho yomkhiqizi, ukuhlolwa kwe-valve yembulunga, amanzi kufanele athulwe kusukela phezulu kwe-valve disc; Ukuze kuhlolwe i-valve yesango, i-valve kufanele ivalwe futhi indawo yokuvala kufanele ihlolwe. Ngemuva kokuthi ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwe-valve sekufanelekile, i-valve kufanele ivalwe futhi indawo yokuvala kufanele ihlolwe. (3) Ukuhlolwa kwendawo kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokufakwa Ivalvu yokucindezela okuphansi kufanele ihlolwe ukuze kuhlolwe ukuqina kungabikho ngaphansi kuka-10% (okungenani elilodwa) kuqoqo ngalinye (umkhiqizi ofanayo, imininingwane efanayo, imodeli efanayo). Uma ingafaneleki, izohlolwa ngayinye ngayinye uma ingakafaneleki ngemva kokuhlolwa okungahleliwe ngama-20%. Amavalvu amapayipi omfutho ophezulu kufanele ahlolwe ukuthi aqinile yini ngayinye ngayinye. (4) Ukuhlolwa kokuhlakazwa kwevalvu ngaphambi kokufakwa La mavalvu alandelayo kufanele ahlakazwe futhi ahlolwe ngaphambi kokufakwa: a. Amavalvu akhelwe izinga lokushisa elikhulu noma elilingana no-450℃. b. Ama-valve okuphepha nama-throttle. c. Amavalvu anokuhlolwa kokuqina okungafanelekile. Ngaphambi kwe-valve disassembly, ukungcola okungcolile kufanele kuhlanzwe, ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuvulwa nokuvala ukusebenza nokuhlakazeka akufanele kwenziwe. Lapho i-valve yesakhiwo esikhethekile ihlakazwa futhi ihlolwe, i-disassembly kufanele yenziwe ngokuhambisana nokulandelana kwe-disassembly okuchazwe umenzi ukuvimbela ukulimala ezingxenyeni noma kuthinte ukuphepha komuntu siqu. Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kufanele kwenziwe kuvalvu ehlakazekile: a. Izingxenye zangaphakathi zama-valve ensimbi ye-alloy zizobuyekezwa nge-spectra (awekho amamaki azokwenziwa ezingxenyeni, kodwa imiphumela yokuhlolwa izorekhodwa). b. Ukuthi isihlalo se-valve sihlanganiswe ngokuqinile negobolondo le-valve, nokuthi kukhona yini ukuxega. c. Ukuthi indawo ehlangene yomgogodla we-valve nesihlalo se-valve iyahambisana yini, nokuthi indawo ehlangene ayinasici yini. d. Ukuthi isiqu sixhunywe kalula ku-spool. e. Ukuthi isiqu se-valve sigobile, sigqwalile, noma ngabe isiqu se-valve kanye nendlala yokupakisha kuhlangana kahle, nokuthi intambo yesikulufu esiqwini se-valve iphukile noma cha. f. Inhlanganisela yobuso be-flange yekhava yevalvu. g. Hlola i-stroke yokuvula nokuvala kanye nendawo yokugcina ye-throttle valve, bese uyimaka ngangokunokwenzeka. (5) Ivalvu izohlangabezana nalezi zidingo zekhwalithi ezilandelayo ngemuva kokuhlolwa kokuhlakazeka kanye nokuqedwa kwamaphutha Impahla yezingxenye zensimbi ye-alloy ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuklama. Hlanganisa kahle, hamba ngokuguquguqukayo, futhi inkomba yokuvula ikhombisa kahle. Ukucaciswa kanye nekhwalithi ye-gasket nokupakisha kuhlangabezana nezidingo zobuchwepheshe. Gcwalisa izinto zokupakisha ngendlela efanele futhi usike izindawo zokuhlangana zibe izimbobo ezidayagonali. Izixhumi ezibonakalayo kusendlalelo ngasinye kufanele zinyakaze. Ukupakisha kufanele kucindezelwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukucinana, futhi ungavimbeli ukuvuleka nokuvalwa kwesiqu. (6) Amavalvu esimiso sikawoyela. Amavalvu asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zikawoyela kufanele ahlanzwe ekugelezeni kwawo ezingxenyeni ezithile, isihlabathi nopende kufanele kususwe, futhi kushintshwe izimpande zamapani ezimelana nowoyela nama-gaskets. (7) Ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa kokuhlanganisa kabusha i-valve Lapho i-valve yesango kanye nevalvu yeglobhu kuhlanganiswa kabusha ngemva kokuhlakazwa nokufaneleka, idiski kufanele ibe sendaweni evulekile ngaphambi kokuba ibhowudi yekhava yevalvu iqiniswe. I-valve izohlolelwa ukuqina ngemva kokuhlakazwa nokuhlanganiswa kabusha. Indlela yokusebenza kanye nedivayisi yokudlulisa ye-valve kufanele ihlolwe futhi ilungiswe ngokuvumelana nezidingo zokuklama ukuze kuzuzwe isenzo esivumelana nezimo kanye nemiyalelo elungile. (8) Zonke izinhlobo zamavalvu, lapho umenzi eqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo futhi ehlinzeka ngekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nesiqinisekiso sokusebenzisa, awenzi ukuhlakazeka kanye nokuhlolwa kokuqina, ngaphandle kwalokho kufanele ahlolwe futhi ahlolwe. Okwesibili, inqubo yokufaka i-valve Izinga lokufakwa kwe-valve lithinta ngokuqondile ukusetshenziswa, ngakho-ke kufanele kuqashelwe ngokucophelela. (1) Indlela kanye nendawo Isiqondiso sevalvu. Ama-valve amaningi ane-directivity, njenge-valve ye-globe, i-throttle valve, i-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi, i-valve yokuhlola, njll., uma ukufakwa okuhlanekezelwe ukuhlanekezela, kuzothinta umphumela wokusetshenziswa nokuphila (okufana ne-throttle valve), noma ukungasebenzi nhlobo ( njenge-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi), futhi ibangele ngisho nengozi (njenge-valve yokuhlola). Ama-valve avamile anezimpawu zokuqondisa emzimbeni we-valve; Uma kungenjalo, kufanele ikhonjwe ngendlela efanele ngokuvumelana nesimiso sokusebenza se-valve. I-valve ye-valve ye-globe valve ayilingani, uketshezi kufanele uluvumele ukusuka phansi ukuya embotsheni ye-valve, ukuze ukumelana noketshezi kube kuncane (kunqunywa ukuma), vula ukonga amandla (ngenxa yokucindezela okuphakathi phezulu) , ivaliwe ngemuva kokuthi i-medium ayicindezeli ukupakisha, kulula ukuyilungisa, lena i-valve yembulunga ayikwazi ukufakwa iqiniso eliphambene. Amanye ama-valve nawo anezici zawo. Indawo yokufaka i-valve Indawo yokufaka i-valve, kumele kube lula ukuyisebenzisa; Ukufakwa okufika ngesikhathi kunzima okwesikhashana, kodwa futhi ngenxa yomsebenzi wesikhathi eside womsebenzisi. Isondo lesandla sevalvu lingcono ngesifuba (ngokuvamile i-1.2m kude nesitezi sokusebenza), kanjalo. Kulula ukuvula nokuvala i-valve. I-handwheel ye-valve yokufika kufanele ibe phezulu, ungatsheki, ukuze ugweme ukusebenza kabi. Ngokumelene nodonga kanye ne-valve yezinto zokusebenza, kufanele futhi kube nendawo yokuthi opharetha ame. Ukuze ugweme ukusebenza kwesibhakabhaka, ikakhulukazi i-asidi nesisekelo, imidiya enobuthi, ngaphandle kwalokho ayiphephile. A. Ivalve yesango akufanele iguqulwe (okungukuthi, isondo lesandla liye phansi), ngaphandle kwalokho okuphakathi kuzogcinwa esikhaleni sekhava yevalvu isikhathi eside, ukugqwala kalula kwesiqu, futhi kwezinye izidingo zenqubo, i-taboo, ngesikhathi esifanayo. akulula kakhulu ukufaka esikhundleni sokupakisha. b. Vula i-stem gate valvu, ungafaki ngaphansi komhlaba, ngaphandle kwalokho ngenxa yokugqwala okumanzi kwesiqu esivelile. c. Phakamisa i-valve yokuhlola, lapho ufaka ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-disc imile, ukuze ukuphakamisa okuguquguqukayo. d. Swing isheke valve, lapho efakwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga pin, ukuze swing nezimo. e. I-valve yokunciphisa umfutho izofakwa iqonde epayipini elivundlile, futhi akufanele itshekele kunoma iyiphi indlela. (2) Inqubo yokufaka ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ngesikhathi sokufakwa nokwakhiwa ukuze kugwenywe ukushaya ama-valve enziwe ngezinto eziphukayo. Ngaphambi kokufakwa, i-valve kufanele ihlolwe, hlola ukucaciswa, ukukhomba ukuthi kukhona umonakalo, ikakhulukazi i-valve stem, kodwa futhi ujikeleze izikhathi ezimbalwa ukuze ubone ukuthi i-skewed, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kulula ukugoqa. isiqu se-valve esigwegwile, kodwa futhi nemfucumfucu ku-valve. Uma uphakamisa i-valve, intambo akufanele iboshwe ku-handwheel noma isiqu ukugwema ukulimala kulezi zingxenye, kufanele iboshwe ku-flange. Ukuze i-valve exhunywe epayipini, qiniseka ukuthi iyahlanza, ingacindezelwa umoya ukuze uphephule izinsalela ze-iron oxide, isihlabathi, i-slag yokushisela nezinye izibi. Lawa ma-sundries akulula nje ukunwaya indawo yokuvala ye-valve, phakathi kwayo izinhlayiya ezinkulu ze-sundries (njenge-welding slag) nazo zingavimba i-valve encane futhi yenze ihluleke. Lapho ufaka i-valve yesikulufa, ukupakisha kokuvala (intambo namafutha omthofu noma ibhande le-polytetrafluoroethylene eluhlaza) kufanele kuhlanganiswe emculweni wepayipi, ungangeni ku-valve, ukuze ungagcini umthamo wememori ye-valve, uthinte ukuhamba kwemidiya. Uma ufaka ama-valve e-flange, qaphela ukuqinisa ama-bolts ngokulinganayo nangokulinganayo. I-valve flange kanye ne-pipe flange kufanele ihambisane, imvume enengqondo, ukuze ugweme ukucindezela okukhulu, noma ngisho nokuqhekeka kwe-valve, ngoba izinto eziphukayo namandla akuphakeme, ikakhulukazi qaphela i-valve. Ama-valve adinga ukushiselwa ngamapayipi kufanele afakwe ama-spot-welded kuqala, bese izingxenye zokuvala kufanele zivuleke ngokugcwele, bese zifakwa zifile. (3) Izinsiza zokuvala ama-valve Amanye ama-valve nawo adinga ukuvikelwa kwangaphandle, okungukuthi, ukugqumisa nokupholisa. Imigqa ye-steam yokushisisa ngezinye izikhathi yengezwa kungqimba lwe-insulation. Ukuthi i-valve idinga ukugqunywa noma ukugcinwa kubanda kufanele kunqunywe ngokuvumelana nezidingo zokukhiqiza. Isimiso sokuvikela: lapho okuphakathi ku-valve kunciphisa izinga lokushisa kakhulu, kuzothinta ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza noma ukumisa i-valve, kudinga ukulondolozwa kokushisa noma ngisho nokushisa; Lapho i-valve ivezwa khona, iyingozi ekukhiqizeni noma ibangele isithwathwa nezinye izinto ezimbi, kuyadingeka ukubanda. Ukuze uthole ukuphepha komuntu siqu kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, lapho izinga lokushisa le-valve lesikhungo samandla lidlula ama-50 ℃, kufanele lifakwe izinsiza zokushisa ezishisayo. Uma amanzi engasetshenziswa isikhathi eside, i-valve yesitimu kufanele ikhiphe amanzi. (4) I-bypass kanye nensimbi Amanye ama-valve ngaphezu kwezindawo zokuvikela ezidingekayo, kodwa futhi ane-bypass kanye ne-instrumentation, ukufakwa kwe-bypass ukusiza ukugcinwa kogibe. Amanye ama-valve, nawo anokufakwa kwe-bypass. Ukuthi ukufakwa kwe-bypass kuncike esimweni se-valve, ukubaluleka kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza. (5) Ukushintshwa kokupakisha Izizathu zokupakisha esikhundleni a. Inventory valves, abanye ukupakisha akukuhle, abanye ngokusetshenziswa abezindaba ayifani, kudingeka esikhundleni ukupakisha. b. Umkhiqizi we-valve akakwazi ukucabangela ukusetshenziswa kwe-medium esetshenziswa iyunithi, ibhokisi lokupakisha lihlala ligcwele impande evamile, kodwa uma isetshenziswa, ukupakisha kufanele kushintshwe phakathi nendawo. Inqubo yokufaka esikhundleni sokupakisha a. Uma ushintsha isigcwalisi, yicindezele ngokuzungeza ngokuzungeza. b. Kufanelekile ukuthi umthungo ngamunye oyindilinga ube ngu-45 °, futhi umthungo oyindilinga kufanele unyakazeke ngo-180 °. c. Ukuphakama kokupakisha kufanele kucabangele igumbi lokucindezela okuqhubekayo kwe-gland. Njengamanje, ukujula kwekamelo lokupakisha ngaphansi kwegland kufanele kube ngokufanele, okungaba ngu-10% ~ 20% wengqikithi yokujula kwekamelo lokupakisha. d. Kumavalvu adingeka kakhulu, i-engeli ehlangene ingu-30°. Amalunga phakathi kwamasongo anyakaziswa ngu-120°. E. ukucubungula ukupakisha okungenhla, kungase futhi ngokuvumelana nesimo esithile, ISEBENZISA i-o-ring yerabha (iraba yemvelo imelana nesisekelo esibuthakathaka ngaphansi kuka-60 ℃, uwoyela we-nitrile butadiene wenjoloba ongamelana ngaphansi kuka-80 ℃, ukumelana nerabha ye-fluorine ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ezonakalisayo. ngaphansi kuka-150 ℃) indandatho emithathu ye-ptfe (ngaphansi kuka-200 ℃) indandatho yesitsha senylon eqinile egqwalayo eqinile (i-ammonia ngaphansi kuka-120 ℃, ukumelana ne-alkali) yakha isigcwalisi. Ungqimba lwetheyiphu ye-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) igoqwe kwidiski ye-asbestos evamile, engathuthukisa umphumela wokuvala futhi inciphise ukugqwala kwe-electrochemical kwesiqu se-valve. f. Uma ucindezela ukupakisha, zungeza isiqu se-valve ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuze ugcine iyunifomu yesiyingi futhi uvimbele ukufa kakhulu. Qinisa indlala ngamandla alinganayo futhi ungatsheki. Ukufakwa kwe-valve yamapayipi kufanele kunake amaphuzu amathathu alandelayo Ukufakwa kwe-valve yamapayipi kufanele kunake amaphuzu amathathu alandelayo Okokuqala, kufanele sinake ukuhlola ngaphambi kokufakwa 1. Hlola ngokucophelela ukuthi imodeli ye-valve kanye nokucaciswa kuhlangabezana nezidingo zomdwebo. 2. Hlola ukuthi isiqu nediski zivulwa ngendlela evumelana nezimo, nokuthi zinamathele noma zitshekile. 3. Hlola ukuthi ivalvu yonakele yini nokuthi umucu wevalvu ulungile yini futhi uphelele. 4. Hlola ukuthi ingabe inhlanganisela yesihlalo nevalvu iqinile, idiski nesihlalo, ikhava kanye nomzimba wevalvu, isiqu kanye noxhumo lwediski. 5. Hlola ukuthi i-valve padding, ukupakisha kanye ne-fasteners (ama-bolts) zifanelekile yini izidingo zemvelo yendlela yokusebenza. 6. I-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi endala noma isikhathi eside esetshenzisiwe kufanele isuswe, uthuli, isihlabathi kanye nezinye izinsalela kufanele zihlanzwe ngamanzi. 7. Ngesembozo, hlola i-degree yokuvala, i-valve disc kumele ivalwe ngokuqinile. 4. Intambo yesikulufu kufanele iqinisekiswe ukuthi iphelele futhi isongwe nge-hemp, amafutha omthofu noma i-polytetrafluoroethylene tape entanjeni. Lapho u-screw, i-wrench kufanele inamathele emzimbeni we-valve ene-hexagonal ekugcineni kwepayipi. 5. Uma ufaka i-valve ye-flange, qaphela ukuqinisa i-bolt yokuxhuma eduze kwesiqondiso se-diagonal, futhi amandla kufanele afane lapho u-screw ukuvimbela i-gasket ukuthi ingaphambuki noma ibangele ukuguquguquka nokulimala emzimbeni we-valve. 6. I-valve kufanele igcinwe ivaliwe ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Kuma-valve anentambo eduze nodonga, ukufakwa ngokuvamile kudinga ukususa isiqu, i-disc kanye nesondo lesandla, ukuze kuphenduke. I-Disassembly kufanele yenziwe ngemuva kokusonta isondo lesandla ukugcina i-valve ivulekile.