Izindaba zamavalvu womoya ezidinga ukunakwa nokufakwa zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokulawula amavalvu womoya ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zemboni

Izindaba zamavalvu womoya ezidinga ukunakwa kanye nokufakwa zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokulawula amavalvu womoya ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zasembonini Amavalvu womoya amavalvu aqhutshwa umoya ocindezelwe. Ukuthengwa kwe-valve ye-pneumatic kuphela imininingwane ecacile, izigaba, ingcindezi yokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuthengwa komkhuba, ingasetshenziswa ukulawula ukugeleza komoya, amanzi, umusi, zonke izinhlobo zemidiya ezonakalisayo, udaka, uwoyela, insimbi ewuketshezi kanye nemithombo ye-radioactive nokunye. izinhlobo zoketshezi. Ayiphelele esimweni somnotho wemakethe yamanje. Ngenxa yokuthi abakhiqizi bamavalvu womoya wokuncintisana komkhiqizo, ngamunye embonweni womklamo ohlanganisiwe we-pneumatic valve, ukuqamba okusha okuhlukile, kwakha awabo amazinga ebhizinisi kanye nobuntu bomkhiqizo. Ngakho-ke, kudingekile kakhulu ukubeka phambili izidingo zobuchwepheshe ngokuningiliziwe lapho uthenga ama-valve womoya, futhi uxhumanise nabakhiqizi ukuze uthole ukuvumelana, njengesijobelelo senkontileka yokuthengwa kwe-valve yomoya. Amavalvu alolu hlobo ngokuvamile kufanele afakwe avundlile epayipini. Enqubweni yokuthutha, i-valve ye-pneumatic kufanele inake: 1, i-valve ye-pneumatic kufanele ibekwe ezinhlangothini zombili zepuleti lokufaka uphawu lokukhanya. 2. Amavalvu womoya ophakathi nendawo namancane kufanele aboshwe ngentambo yotshani futhi ahanjiswe ngeziqukathi. I-3, i-valve enkulu ye-pneumatic enobubanzi futhi inohlaka oluqinile lwamapulangwe, ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala ngesikhathi sokuhamba. Faka futhi usebenzise (1) Ngaphambi kokufakwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwevalvu ye-pneumatic, ivalvu kufanele ihlolwe ngaphambi kokufakwa kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kokushintsha. Kuphela ngaphansi kwesimo sokusebenza okujwayelekile, kungafakwa futhi kusetshenziswe. (2) ukufakwa kwe-valve yomoya kufanele kube ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kwenziwe ivalvu ne-flange yepayipi kugxile, kanye nokweseka okungaguquki. Awukwazi ukwenza i-valve yebhola ngamanye amandla angaphandle, ukuze ungalimazi uphawu lwe-valve nokuguqulwa kwe-valve. Imbangela yokushintshwa kwe-valve ingasebenzi kanye nokulimala kwe-valve futhi ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa. (3) Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umthombo wegesi wamandla ohlinzekwa yi-valve yebhola kanye nezingxenye zomoya kufanele uhlanzeke, ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphandle kwamafutha namanzi. Ukuhlanzeka kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-0.4 micron. (4) Ngaphambi kokuxhuma emthonjeni womoya, kuyadingeka ukuhlanza ipayipi lokuhambisa komoya, isixhumi esibonakalayo somthombo womoya kanye nokushintsha kanye nezinye izinto ukuvimbela ukwehluleka okubangelwa ipayipi elingcolile elinokungcola nenhlabathi egijimela eyunithi ye-pneumatic actuator. (5) I-actuator ye-pneumatic, i-solenoid valve, i-positioner, isihlungi, i-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi nokunye ukuxhumana, ipayipi lethusi elitholakalayo noma ipayipi lenayiloni, ukuze kuvinjwe uthuli futhi kuncishiswe umsindo, imbobo yokukhipha umoya kufanele ifakwe i-muffler noma i-muffler throttle valve. (6) Ngemuva kokufakwa, i-valve ye-pneumatic kufanele ihlolwe, ingcindezi ye-pneumatic actuator enani elilinganiselwe, ingcindezi ingu-0.4 ~ 0.7mpa, ukuhlolwa kokushintsha kwe-valve yebhola womoya, bheka ukuvulwa nokuvala kwe-valve. Kufanele kube ukuzungezisa okuvumelana nezimo ngaphandle kokwenzeka okubambekile. Ku-switch uma kukhona into enamathele ingakhuphula ingcindezi, shintsha ngokuphindaphindiwe i-valve ukuze ushintshe ukuguquguquka. (7) Lapho ufaka futhi ulungisa iphutha lohlobo lwe-valve ye-pneumatic yohlobo lweswishi, qala usebenzise idivayisi yezandla (inkinobho eyenziwa ngesandla ku-valve ye-solenoid) ukulungisa iphutha, ngemva kokusebenza okuvamile ekulungiseni amandla. (8) Ivalvu yomoya kufanele igcinwe njalo lapho kuphenduka isiqu se-valve, futhi kufanele ifakwe uphethiloli (amafutha) kanye ezinyangeni ezintathu. Khipha futhi ukhiphe amanzi njalo kuyunithi ye-pneumatic actuator kanye nesihlungi somoya esisetshenziswa ndawonye. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, hlola kanye njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha bese ulungisa kabusha kanye ngonyaka. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokulawula amavalvu womoya ekusetshenzisweni kwemboni Ubuchwepheshe bokulawula amavalvu womoya kuwuhlobo lobuchwepheshe obuchwepheshile obusebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe njengendlela yokushayela nokulawula imishini. Ngenxa yezinzuzo zokonga amandla, akukho ukungcola, izindleko eziphansi, eziphephile futhi ezinokwethenjelwa, isakhiwo esilula, ubuchwepheshe bokulawula ama-valve womoya busetshenziswa kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemishini nemishini. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwemakethe nobuchwepheshe, ukuhlanganiswa kancane kancane kwamazinga kuye kwashintsha isimo esingesihle sokuthi uhlelo lwe-pneumatic kanye nezingxenye zalo zaklanywa, zakhiqizwa futhi zagcinwa yimboni ngayinye. Ukwandiswa kwendawo yokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokulawula ama-valve womoya kuwuphawu lokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yomoya. Ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ze-pneumatic ikakhulukazi ezicini ezimbili: ukugcinwa nokuhambisana. Esikhathini esedlule, ukuthengiswa kwezingxenye ze-pneumatic zasekhaya kufanele kusetshenziselwe ukunakekelwa. Eminyakeni yamuva, isabelo sokuthengisa semishini eyinhloko esekelayo sikhula unyaka nonyaka. Ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenye zomoya ezifuywayo, kusukela emashumini ezigidi zemishini yensimbi enenani lama-yuan kuya esitulweni samayuan ayi-1 ~ 2 kuphela. Izingxenye zomoya ezithuthukiswe ngokukhethekile zasekhaya zisetshenziswa ekujikeni kukaloliwe, amasondo esitimela kanye nokugcotshwa kwesitimela, amabhuleki ezitimela, ukuhlanza imigwaqo, izinto zokuphakamisa endaweni yokusebenzela ekhethekile, kanye nemoto yomyalo. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokulawula amavalvu womoya "bungene" kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphila, futhi buyanda. Nakuba imboni ye-pneumatic ezweni lakithi ifinyelele izinga elithile kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe, kodwa uma kuqhathaniswa nezinga eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe, kunegebe elikhulu. Inani lokukhiphayo lemikhiqizo yomoya yase-China ibala kuphela u-1.3% yenani lokukhiphayo emhlabeni wonke, * 1/21 yase-United States, 1/15 yase-Japan, kanye ne-1/8 yaseJalimane. Lokhu akulifanele izwe elinabantu abangaphezu kwebhiliyoni elilodwa. Mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo, inkampani yaseJapane inezinhlobo ezingu-6500, izwe lethu line-1/5 yalo kuphela. Igebe phakathi kokusebenza komkhiqizo nezinga lekhwalithi nalo likhulu. Ubuchwepheshe bokulawula i-valve ye-pneumatic buya ngokuya busetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene zokuhlanganisa okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokucutshungulwa okuzenzakalelayo kwezinto ezincane, ezikhethekile zemishini, izingxenye zokuqala ze-pneumatic zendabuko zihlala zithuthukisa ukusebenza, futhi zithuthukiswa kancane kancane ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zemakethe zemikhiqizo emisha, zenze izingxenye zomoya. kwezinhlobonhlobo zanda, ukuthambekela kwayo okukhulayo ikakhulukazi kunezici ezimbalwa ezilandelayo: 1, usayizi omncane, isisindo esilula, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi. Ezimbonini zokukhiqiza izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi kanye nemithi, ubukhulu bezingxenye ze-pneumatic kufanele bukhawulelwe ngenxa yomthamo omncane wezingxenye ezicutshunguliwe. I-Miniaturization kanye nokukhanya kuyizinkomba zokuthuthukiswa kwezingxenye zomoya. 2, amazwe angaphandle athuthukise usayizi wesithupha omkhulu kunayo yonke, indawo esebenzayo enqamula ingxenye engu-0.2mm2 yevalvu ye-solenoid ephezulu kakhulu. Kuhle kakhulu ukuthuthukisa izingxenye ezinobukhulu obuncane nokugeleza okukhulu. Kuze kube manje, ubukhulu obufanayo be-valve, ukugeleza kuye kwanda izikhathi ezingu-2 ~ 3.3. Kukhona uchungechunge lwe-valve encane ye-solenoid, ububanzi bomzimba wayo * 10mm, indawo ephumelelayo kuze kufike ku-5mm2; Ububanzi buyi-15mm, indawo esebenzayo ifika ku-10mm2. 3, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi we-solenoid angaphandle sekufinyelele ku-0.5W, kuzophinde kuncishiswe ukuze kuhambisane nenhlanganisela yama-microelectronics. I-4, izingxenye zokucubungula umthombo womoya, iningi lasekhaya nelangaphandle lisetshenziselwa isakhiwo se-block block, hhayi usayizi ohlangene kakhulu, futhi inhlanganisela, ukugcinwa kulula kakhulu. Ukunemba kokuma kwe-actuator kuyathuthukiswa, ukuqina kuyanda, induku yepiston ayijikelezi, futhi ukusetshenziswa kulula kakhulu. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kokuma kwesilinda, ukusetshenziswa kwe-cylinder ene-braking mechanism kanye nesistimu ye-servo kuvame kakhulu. Isilinda esinesistimu ye-servo ingathola ukunemba kokuma okungu-±0.1mm noma ngabe ingcindezi yokuphakelwa komoya kanye nomthwalo ongemuhle uyashintsha.