Isimiso se-valve yokuvala uphawu evala lezo zinto! I-valve packing gland kanye nendlela yokuhlola amandla entambo

Isimiso se-valve yokuvala uphawu evala lezo zinto! I-valve yokupakisha indlala kanye nendlela yokuhlola amandla entambo Izidingo zokusebenza kophawu lwe-Valve, ukuvimbela i-Angle yokuvuza. Ngokusho kwezingxenye ezihlukene kanye namadigri okuvuza, ukuvuza kwe-valve kuhlukile, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukubeka phambili izinyathelo ezihlukene zokuvimbela ukuvuza. Ukubeka uphawu ukuvimbela ukuvuza, ngakho-ke umgomo wokuvala ama-valve nawo usuka ekuvimbeleni ucwaningo lokuvuza. Kunezici ezimbili eziyinhloko ezibangela ukuvuza, enye iyisici esiyinhloko esithinta ukusebenza kokuvala, okungukuthi, kukhona igebe phakathi kwepheya elivalayo, enye iwukuthi kukhona umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili zokuvala uphawu. Umgomo wokuvala ama-valve nawo usuka ekuvaleni uphawu okuwuketshezi, ukuvala igesi, umgomo wokuvuza kokuvalwa kwesiteshi kanye nokupheya kokuvala ama-valve nezinye izici ezine zokuhlaziya izidingo zokusebenza kophawu lwe-Valve, ukuvimbela i-Engeli yokuvuza. Ngokusho kwezingxenye ezihlukene kanye namadigri okuvuza, ukuvuza kwe-valve kuhlukile, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukubeka phambili izinyathelo ezihlukene zokuvimbela ukuvuza. Isimiso sokuqina kwe-valve Ukuvala ukuvimbela ukuvuza, ngakho umgomo wokuvala ama-valve nawo usuka ekuvimbeleni ucwaningo lokuvuza. Kunezici ezimbili eziyinhloko ezibangela ukuvuza, enye iyisici esiyinhloko esithinta ukusebenza kokuvala, okungukuthi, kukhona igebe phakathi kwepheya elivalayo, enye iwukuthi kukhona umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili zokuvala uphawu. Umgomo wokuvala ama-valve nawo usuka ekuvaleni uketshezi, ukuvalwa kwegesi, umgomo wokuvuza kokuvalwa kwama-valve kanye nezinye izici ezine okufanele zihlaziywe. Ukuqina koketshezi Ukuqina koketshezi kunqunywa ukubukeka kwayo nokushuba kwendawo. Lapho i-valve evuzayo ye-capillary igcwele igesi, ukungezwani kwendawo kungase kuxoshe noma kudonsele uketshezi ku-capillary. Futhi lokho kwakha i-Angle e-tangent. Lapho i-Angle ye-tangent ingaphansi kuka-90 °, uketshezi lujovwa ku-capillary tube, futhi ukuvuza kwenzeka. Isizathu sokuvuza sisezicini ezihlukahlukene ze-medium. Ukuhlola ngemidiya ehlukene, ngaphansi kwesimo esifanayo, kuzothola imiphumela ehlukene. Ungasebenzisa amanzi, umoya, uphalafini, njll. Uma i-tangent Angle inkulu kuno-90°, ukuvuza nakho kuzokwenzeka. Ngenxa yobuhlobo namafutha noma ifilimu ye-wax ebusweni bensimbi. Uma lawa mafilimu angaphezulu esencibilikisiwe, izici zobuso bensimbi ziyashintsha, futhi uketshezi, olwaluxoshiwe ngaphambili, luzomanzisa indawo futhi luvuze. Ngenxa yalesi simo esingenhla, ngokusho kwefomula kaPoisson, inhloso yokuvimbela ukuvuza noma ukunciphisa ukuvuza ingabonakala ngaphansi kwesimo sokunciphisa ububanzi be-capillary kanye ne-viscosity ephakathi. Ukuqina kwegesi Ngokwefomula kaPoisson, ukuqina kwegesi kuhlobene nama-molecule egesi kanye ne-viscosity yegesi. Ukuvuza kuhambisana ngokuphambene nobude be-capillary kanye ne-viscosity yegesi, futhi ngokulingana nobubanzi be-capillary namandla okushayela. Lapho ububanzi be-capillary kanye namazinga ajwayelekile enkululeko yama-molecule egesi afana, ama-molecule egesi azogeleza ku-capillary ngokunyakaza kwamahhala okushisayo. Ngakho-ke, lapho senza ukuhlolwa kokuvalwa kwe-valve, okuphakathi kufanele kube ngamanzi ukudlala indima yokuvala, ngomoya noma igesi ayikwazi ukudlala indima yokuvala. Ngisho noma sinciphisa ububanzi be-capillary ngaphansi kwe-molecule yegesi ngokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki, ukugeleza kwegesi akukwazi ukumiswa. Isizathu siwukuthi igesi isengasakaza ezindongeni zensimbi. Ngakho-ke lapho senza ukuhlolwa kwegesi, kufanele siqine kakhulu kunokuhlola uketshezi. Umgomo wokuvala wesiteshi sokuvuza Isivalo se-valve sakhiwe izingxenye ezimbili, ubuhhadlahhadla, obakhiwe ubulukhuni bokungalingani okusabalala endaweni ye-waveform kanye nokuzamazama kwebanga phakathi kweziqongo. Ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthi amandla okunwebeka ezinto eziningi zensimbi aphansi ezweni lethu, sidinga ukuphakamisa izidingo eziphakeme zamandla okucindezela izinto zensimbi, okungukuthi, amandla okucindezela wezinto ezibonakalayo kufanele adlule ukunwebeka kwawo, uma sifuna ukufeza isimo sokufaka uphawu. Ngakho-ke, ekwakhiweni kwe-valve, umbhangqwana ovala uphawu ohlangene nomehluko othile wobunzima ukuze ufanise, ngaphansi kwesenzo sokucindezela, uzokhiqiza izinga elithile lomphumela wokuvala ukuguqulwa kwepulasitiki. Uma indawo yokubeka uphawu iyinto yensimbi, khona-ke indawo engalingani ye-convex yobuso izovela kusenesikhathi, ekuqaleni kwesidingo sokusebenzisa umthwalo omncane ungenza lezi zingxenye zepulasitiki ze-convex ezingalingani. Lapho indawo yokuxhumana ikhula, ukungalingani kwendawo kuzoba yipulasitiki - i-elastic deformation. Khona-ke ubulukhuni bezindawo ezimbili endaweni eyi-concave buyoba khona. Lezi zindlela ezisele zingenziwa ukuze zilingane lapho umthwalo obangela ukuwohloka okukhulu kwepulasitiki yezinto ezingaphansi kusetshenziswa futhi izindawo ezimbili zisondelene, eduze komugqa oqhubekayo futhi ohlangothini lwendandatho. Ipheya yokuvala i-valve Ipheya yophawu lwe-valve ingxenye yesihlalo se-valve kanye nokuvala okuvalayo lapho zixhumene. Indawo yokubeka uphawu yensimbi ijwayele ukulimala kusuka ku-clamping media, ukugqwala kwemidiya, izinhlayiya zokugqoka, i-cavitation kanye nokuguguleka ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Njengokugqoka izinhlayiya. Uma izinhlayiya ezigqokile zizincane kunobunzima obungaphezulu, ukunemba kwendawo kuzothuthukiswa lapho indawo yokuvala ifakwa, futhi ngeke yonakale. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kuzokwenza ukunemba kwendawo kube kubi nakakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ekukhethweni kwezinhlayiya zokugqoka, izinto ezibonakalayo, isimo sokusebenza, i-lubricity kanye nokugqwala kwendawo yokubeka uphawu kufanele kucatshangelwe ngokugcwele. Njengezinhlayiya zokugqoka, lapho sikhetha izimpawu, kufanele sicabangele ngokucophelela izici ezihlukahlukene ezithinta ukusebenza kwazo ukuze sidlale umsebenzi wokuvimbela ukuvuza. Ngakho-ke, izinto ezimelana nokugqwala, ukuhuzuka nokuguguleka kufanele kukhethwe. Uma kungenjalo, ukuntuleka kwanoma iyiphi enye yezidingo kuzokwenza ukusebenza kwayo kokubeka uphawu ** kwehliswe. Izici eziyinhloko ezithinta uphawu lwe-valve Kunezici eziningi ezithinta uphawu lwe-valve, ikakhulukazi okulandelayo: Ukwakhiwa kwepheya ye-Seal Ngaphansi kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa noma amandla okuvala, ukwakheka kwepheya yokuvala kuzoshintsha. Futhi lolu shintsho luzothinta futhi luguqule umbhangqwana wokuvala phakathi kwamandla, ukuze ukusebenza kwe-valve seal kuncishiswe. Ngakho-ke, lapho sikhetha izimpawu, kufanele sikhethe izimpawu ezine-deformation elastic. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, qaphela ububanzi bendawo yokubeka uphawu. Isizathu siwukuthi indawo yokuxhumana ye-sealing pair ayihambisani ngokuphelele. Lapho ububanzi bendawo yokuvala inyuka, kuyadingeka ukwandisa amandla adingekayo ukuze kufakwe uphawu. Ukucindezela okukhethekile kwendawo yokuvala Ukucindezela okuqondile kwendawo yokuvala kuthinta ukusebenza kokuvala kanye nempilo yesevisi ye-valve. Ngakho-ke, ukucindezela kwendawo yokubeka uphawu nakho kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo, ukucindezela okukhulu kakhulu kuzodala ukulimala kwe-valve, kodwa ukucindezela okuncane kakhulu kuzodala ukuvuza kwe-valve. Ngakho-ke, kudingeka sicabangele ngokugcwele ingcindezi ethile ekwakhiweni kokufanelekile. Izici ezibonakalayo ze-medium Izakhiwo ezibonakalayo ze-medium nazo zithinta ukusebenza kophawu lwe-valve. Lezi zakhiwo zomzimba zihlanganisa izinga lokushisa, i-viscosity, kanye ne-surface hydrophilicity. Ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa akuthinti nje kuphela ukukhululeka kwebhangqa lokuvala kanye nobukhulu bezingxenye, kodwa futhi kunobudlelwane obungenakuhlukaniswa ne-viscosity yegesi. I-viscosity yegesi iyanda noma yehla ngokunyuka noma ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa. Ngakho-ke, ukuze sinciphise umthelela wokushisa ekusebenzeni kokuvala kwe-valve, kufanele siklame ipheya yokuvala ibe isihlalo esivumelana nezimo namanye ama-valve anesinxephezelo sokushisa. I-viscosity ihlobene nokungena koketshezi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo, i-viscosity enkulu, i-fluid ingangeneki kancane. I-surface hydrophilicity isho ukuthi uma kunefilimu encane endaweni yensimbi, ifilimu kufanele isuswe. Ngenxa yale filimu encane yamafutha, izobhubhisa i-hydrophilicity ebusweni, okuholela ekuvinjweni kwemigudu yoketshezi. Ikhwalithi yokuvala uphawu Ikhwalithi yophawu ngokuyinhloko ibhekisela ekukhethweni kwezinto zokwakha, ukufanisa, ukunemba kokukhiqiza eshekeni. Isibonelo, i-disc ihambisana kahle nobuso bokuvala isihlalo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina. Isici sokukhohlakala okwengeziwe kwendandatho ukuthi ukusebenza kwayo kokuvala i-labyrinth kuhle. Ukuvuza kwevalvu kuvamile ekuphileni nasekukhiqizeni, ukukhanya kungabangela imfucuza, noma kulethe ingozi ekuphileni, njengokuvuza kwe-valve yamanzi kampompi, noma kubangele imiphumela engathi sína, njengemboni yamakhemikhali yokuvuza okuphakathi okunobuthi nokulimazayo, okuvutha umlilo, okuqhumayo nokugqwalayo isimo, usongo olukhulu ekuphepheni komuntu siqu kanye nokuphepha kwempahla, kanye nezingozi zokungcoliswa kwemvelo. I-valve encike kudrayivu yokuzungezisa yangaphandle ukuze ivuleke futhi ivale iklanywe ngethuluzi lokuvala elisetshenziswa ku-culvert yokupakisha enenani elithile lamaringi okupakisha, ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela wokuvala, kodwa siyini isimo sokuvala? Ukuvuza kokupakisha kwe-valve kungenye yezingxenye ezisengozini kakhulu yephutha lokuvuza kwe-valve, kodwa cishe kunezizathu ezimbili. Uhlobo lwama-valve seal Seal nawo ayingxenye ebalulekile kuma-valve. Ukusebenza kokuvala kwe-valve kubhekisela emandleni ezingxenye zokuvala ze-valve ukuvimbela ukuvuza kwemidiya, iyinkomba yokusebenza kobuchwepheshe ebaluleke kakhulu ye-valve. Kunezingxenye ezintathu zokuvala zevalvu: Ukuxhumana phakathi kwezingxenye zokuvula nokuvala kanye nendawo yokuvala yesihlalo; Ukulingana kokupakisha kanye nesiqu se-valve kanye nebhokisi lokugxusha; Ilunga lomzimba nebhonethi. UKUVUZA OKWANGAPHAMBILI KUBIZWA I-ENDoleaker, evame ukwaziwa NJENGOKUVAMILE okuxekethile, FUTHI KUZOTHINZA IKHONO LEMVAVVU LOKUSUKA UMSAKAZI. Esigabeni se-valve esinqunyiwe, ukuvuza kwangaphakathi akuvunyelwe. Ukuvuza okubili kokugcina kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvuza, okungukuthi, ukuvuza okuphakathi kusuka kuvalvu kuya kuvalvu. Ukuvuza kuzodala ukulahleka kwempahla, ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, kanye nezingozi ezimbi. Ukuze uthole imidiya evuthayo, eqhumayo, enobuthi noma enemisebe, ukuvuza akuvunyelwe, ngakho-ke i-valve kufanele ibe nokusebenza okuthembekile kokuvala. Indlela yokuxazulula inkinga yokubeka uphawu akukona ukunganaki, ukugijima kwe-valve, ingozi, ukwehla, ukuvuza, iningi lomnyango lenzeka lapha. Ngezansi sizocubungula ukuvalwa kwe-valve okuguquguqukayo, inkinga yokuvala uphawu okumile. I-Dynamic seal I-Valve eguquguqukayo uphawu, isiqu esikhulu se-valve yomunwe. Ungavumeli i-valve medium ehambisana nokunyakaza kwesiqu nokuvuza, iyisihloko esimaphakathi sevalvu eguquguqukayo. Ifomu lebhokisi lokupakisha: uphawu oluguquguqukayo lwe-valve, ikakhulukazi ibhokisi lokupakisha. Ifomu eliyisisekelo lebhokisi lokugxusha lithi: 1, uhlobo lwendlala: lokhu kunezindlela eziningi. Ifomu elihlanganisiwe lingaphinda lihlukanise imininingwane eminingi. Isibonelo, mayelana nama-bolts okucindezela, ama-T-bolts ahlukaniswayo (ama-valve okucindezela okuphansi anengcindezi ≤16 kg / cm2), amabhawodi ekhanda eliphindwe kabili kanye nama-bolt ahlangene ahambayo, njll. Kusukela ku-gland, ingahlukaniswa ibe yinto ebalulekile futhi ihlanganiswe. 2, ukucindezela uhlobo lwamantongomane: lolu hlobo lwefomu, ubukhulu bangaphandle buncane, kodwa amandla okucindezela alinganiselwe, asetshenziswa kuphela kuma-valve amancane. Ukupakisha: ebhokisini lokupakisha, ukupakisha kuthintana ngqo nesiqu se-valve futhi kugcwaliswe ibhokisi lokupakisha ukuvimbela ukuvuza kwe-medium. Kunezidingo ezilandelayo zokupakisha: Ukuvala uphawu okuhle; Ukumelana nokugqwala; I-coefficient encane ye-friction; Ukuhambisana nezinga lokushisa eliphakathi nokucindezela.