Amaphuzu angu-26 abalulekile okufakwa kwe-valve, ama-taboos angu-14 amakhulu ezinzuzo zokufaka ama-valve ezivamile kanye nokubi kwesingeniso

Amaphuzu angu-26 abalulekile okufakwa kwe-valve, ama-taboos angu-14 amakhulu ezinzuzo zokufaka ama-valve ezivamile kanye nokubi kwesingeniso

Enkambweni yokwakha, ikhwalithi yokufakwa kwe-valve ithinta ngokuqondile ukusebenza okuvamile esikhathini esizayo, ngakho-ke kufanele siyinake. Ngakho, uyifaka kanjani i-valve? Yiziphi izici ezibalulekile zokufakwa kwe-valve? Ayini ama-taboos kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha?
5 amaphuzu ayisihluthulelo ukufakwa valve
1 Isiqondiso nendawo
Ama-valve amaningi aqondisa
Isibonelo, i-globe valve, i-throttle valve, i-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi, i-valve yokuhlola, njll., uma ifakwe emuva, izothinta umphumela wokusebenzisa nokuphila (njenge-throttle valve), noma ingasebenzi nhlobo (njengokunciphisa ukucindezela i-valve), futhi ibangele ngisho nengozi (njenge-valve yokuhlola). Amavalvu avamile anezimpawu eziqondisayo emzimbeni. Uma kungenjalo, kufanele ikhonjwe ngendlela efanele ngokuvumelana nesimiso sokusebenza kwe-valve.
Igumbi le-valve elizungeze i-valve yembulunga alilingani, liwuketshezi lokulivumela lisuka phansi liye phezulu ngembobo ye-valve, ngakho ukumelana noketshezi kuncane (kunqunywa ukuma), ukonga umsebenzi ovulekile (ngenxa yokucindezela okuphakathi phezulu) , ivaliwe ngemva kokupakishwa kwengcindezi ephakathi, kulula ukuyilungisa, yingakho i-valve yomhlaba ingakwazi ukufaka iqiniso. Amanye ama-valve anezici zawo siqu.
Indawo yokufaka i-valve kumele kube lula ukuyisebenzisa
Ngisho noma ukufakwa kunzima okwesikhashana, kuyadingeka ukucabangela umsebenzi wesikhathi eside womqhubi. Isondo lesandla se-valve elingcono nokuqondisa kwesifuba (ngokuvamile amamitha angu-1.2 ukusuka endaweni yokusebenza), ukuze ukuvulwa nokuvala kwe-valve kube umzamo omncane. Isondo lesandla sevalvu yaphansi kufanele libheke phezulu futhi lingatsheki ukuze kugwenywe ukusebenza kabi. I-valve yomshini wodonga incike emishinini, futhi opharetha kufanele ashiywe endaweni emile.
Ukuze ugweme ukusebenza kwesibhakabhaka, ikakhulukazi i-asidi ne-alkali, imidiya enobuthi, ngaphandle kwalokho ayiphephile.
Isango akufanele liguqulwe (okungukuthi, isondo lesandla liphansi), ngaphandle kwalokho okuphakathi kuzogcinwa esikhaleni sekhava isikhathi eside, kulula ukugqwala isiqu, futhi kwezinye izidingo zenqubo taboo. Kunzima kakhulu ukufaka esikhundleni sokupakisha ngesikhathi esifanayo. Vula AMAVAVAVA WE-STEM GATE, UNGAFAKI ngaphansi komhlaba, ngaphandle kwalokho ngenxa yokugqwala okumanzi kwesiqu esivelile.
Phakamisa i-valve yokuhlola, ukufakwa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-valve disc ime mpo, ukuze i-lift iguquguquke. Swayipha i-valve yokuhlola, lapho ifakiwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinga lephinikhodi, ukuze linyakaze liguquguquke. I-valve yokunciphisa umfutho izofakwa iqonde epayipini elivundlile, futhi akufanele itshekele kunoma iyiphi indlela.
2 Umsebenzi Wokwakha
Ukufakwa nokwakhiwa kufanele kuqaphele, ungashayi i-valve eyenziwe ngezinto eziphukayo.
Ngaphambi kokufakwa
Zonke izinhlobo ze-valve kanye nemininingwane kufanele ihlolwe ngokucophelela ukuze ihambisane nezidingo zokuklama.
(Hlola ukuthi INGABE INGASETSHENZISWA EZImweni EZIDINGEKAYO ngokwemodeli yevalvu kanye nemiyalelo yasefekthri, futhi wenze ukuhlolwa kwamanzi noma umoya uma kunesidingo.)
Ukwengeza, kufanele futhi kubhekwe ukuthi ukupakisha kuqinile, ukuthi i-gland bolt inesabelo esanele sokulungiswa, futhi kuhlolwe ukuthi isiqu ne-disc zizwakala yini, ukuthi kukhona yini okubambekile kanye ne-skew phenomenon.
Indawo yokuvala yediski ye-valve kufanele ivalwe ngokuqinile, futhi ikhwalithi yentambo kufanele ihlolwe ama-valve anentambo. Amavalvu angafaneleki NGEKE AFAKWE futhi azopakishwa ngokwehlukana noma amakwe.
Imfucumfucu ku-valve.
Inqubo yokufaka
UMA UPHAKAMISA IVAVAVU, INTAMBO AKUMELE IBOSHWE ESANDWENI NOMA ISIQINISEKISO UKUZE UGWEME UKULIMALA KWALEZI ZINgxenyana. KUFANELE KUBOSHWE EMHLABENI.
Umugqa lapho i-valve ixhunywe khona kufanele ihlanzwe.
Umoya ocindezelwe ungasetshenziselwa ukushaya amafayili e-iron oxide, isihlabathi, i-welding slag nezinye izinhlobo. Lezi mfucumfucu, akulula nje ukunwaya indawo yokuvala ye-valve, izinhlayiya ezinkulu zemfucumfucu (njenge-welding slag), kodwa futhi zingavimba i-valve encane, ukuze ukwehluleka kwayo.
Lapho UFAKA I-VALVE YESIKREWU, UKUPHAKISWA KOKUVALWA (INTAMBO KAmafutha e-aluminium NOMA Ibhande lezinto ezibonakalayo le-PTFE RAW) kufanele liboshwe kuntambo yepayipi, ungangeni ku-valve, ukuze ugweme ivolumu yememori ye-valve, ithinte ukugeleza okuphakathi.
Lapho ufaka ama-valve e-flange, qaphela ukuqinisa ama-bolts ngokulinganayo nangokulinganayo. I-valve flange kanye ne-pipe flange kufanele ihambisane, imvume inengqondo, funa i-valve ikhiqize ukucindezela okukhulu, ngisho nokuqhekeka. Ngezinto eziqinile futhi hhayi amandla aphezulu we-valve, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe. I-valve ezoshiselwa ngepayipi kufanele ifakwe endaweni eshiselwe kuqala, khona-ke ingxenye evaliwe izovulwa ngokugcwele, bese i-welded ifile.
3 Izinyathelo Zokuvikela
Amanye ama-valve kufanele futhi abe nesivikelo sangaphandle, okuwukugcina ukushisa nokugcina amakhaza. I-insulation layer kwesinye isikhathi ixutshwa nemigqa yesitimu esishisayo. Hlobo luni lwe-valve okufanele lube ukushisa noma ukubanda, ngokuya ngezidingo zokukhiqiza.
Empeleni, lapho medium valve ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa kakhulu, kuzothinta ukusebenza kahle ukukhiqizwa noma valve eqandisiwe, udinga ukufudumala, ngisho mix ukushisa; Lapho i-valve ingenalutho, ingalungile ekukhiqizeni noma ibangele isithwathwa nezinye izinto ezimbi, udinga ukubanda. Izinto zokufakelwa i-asbestos, uboya be-slag, uboya bengilazi, i-perlite, i-diatomite, i-vermiculite, njll; Izinto zokupholisa zingukhokho, i-perlite, igwebu, ipulasitiki nokunye.
4 I-Bypass nemitha
Amanye ama-valve, ngaphezu kwezinsiza ezidingekayo zokuvikela, nawo ane-bypass kanye nezinsimbi. I-bypass ifakiwe. Kulula ukulungisa isicupho. Amanye ama-valve, nawo afakwe i-bypass. Ukufakwa kwe-bypass kuncike esimweni se-valve, ukubaluleka, kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza.
5 Ukupakisha esikhundleni
I-valve yesitoko, ukupakisha okuthile akubanga kuhle, kanti okunye akuhambisani nokusetshenziswa kwemidiya, okudingeka kuthathelwe indawo yokupakisha.
I-Valve factory ayikwazi ukucabangela ukusetshenziswa kwezinkulungwane zezinhlobo ezahlukene zemidiya, ibhokisi lokupakisha lihlala ligcwele impande evamile, kodwa lapho lisetshenziswa, kufanele livumele ukupakisha phakathi ukuze livumelane.
Uma ushintsha ukupakisha, cindezela uzungeleze ngomjikelezo. Umthungo ngamunye wendandatho ukuya kuma-degree angama-45 kufanelekile, indandatho futhi ikhale ivuleke ngama-degree angama-180. Ukuphakama kokupakisha kufanele kucabangele i-leeway ukuze indlala iqhubeke nokucindezela, futhi manje kuyadingeka ukuvumela ingxenye engezansi ye-gland icindezele ikamelo lokupakisha ekujuleni okufanele, okungase kube ngu-10-20% wokujula okuphelele igumbi lokupakisha. Kuma-valve afunayo, i-engeli ehlangene ingama-degree angama-30. Umthungo ophakathi kwendandatho nendandatho inyakaza ngamadigri ayi-120.
Ngaphezu kokupakisha, kodwa futhi ngokusho kwesimo esithile, ukusetshenziswa kwe-rubber O-ring (irabha yemvelo imelana no-60 degrees Celsius i-alkali ebuthakathaka, i-butadiene injoloba imelana no-80 degrees Celsius ikristalu kawoyela, i-Fluorine iraba imelana nezinhlobonhlobo zokubola. imidiya engaphansi kuka-150 degrees Celsius) indandatho emithathu eyisitaki ye-polytetrafluoron (imelana nemidiya egqwalayo eqinile engaphansi kuka-200 degrees Celsius) indandatho yesitsha senayiloni (imelana no-120 degrees Celsius ammonia, alkali) nokunye ukugcwaliswa okwenza.
Ungqimba lwetheyiphu ye-TEflon eluhlaza lungathuthukisa umphumela wokuvala futhi lunciphise ukugqwala kwe-electrochemical kwesiqu se-valve. Lapho ucindezela isithokelo, vula isiqu ngesikhathi esifanayo ukugcina nxazonke ngokulinganayo, futhi uvimbele ukufa kakhulu, qinisa indlala ukuphoqa ngokulinganayo, awukwazi ukutsheka.
Ukufakwa kwe-valve 14 ama-taboos amakhulu
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Ukuphikisana: Izimpahla eziyinhloko, okokusebenza kanye nemikhiqizo esetshenziswa ekwakheni ayinazo imibhalo yokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yobuchwepheshe noma izitifiketi zokufaneleka komkhiqizo ngokuhambisana namazinga amanje kazwelonke noma ongqongqoshe.
Imiphumela: ikhwalithi yephrojekthi ayifaneleki, kunezingozi ezifihliwe, azikwazi ukulethwa ngesikhathi, kufanele zilungiswe kabusha; Banga ukulibaziseka kwephrojekthi, ukwanda kwabasebenzi kanye nokufaka izinto ezibonakalayo.
Izinyathelo: izinto ezibalulekile, izinto zokusebenza kanye nemikhiqizo esetshenziswa ekuhlinzekweni kwamanzi kanye nokukhipha amanzi kanye nobunjiniyela bokushisisa nokuthuthwa kwendle kufanele kuhlangabezane namazinga amanje akhishwe umbuso noma ungqongqoshe wemibhalo yokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yobuchwepheshe noma isitifiketi sokufaneleka komkhiqizo; Igama lomkhiqizo, imodeli, ukucaciswa, ikhodi evamile yekhwalithi kazwelonke, usuku lokulethwa, igama nendawo yomkhiqizi, isitifiketi sokuhlolwa noma ikhodi yokulethwa kuzokhonjiswa.
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Ungakwenzi: Ukufakwa kwevalvu ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi okudingekayo ngokwemithethonqubo.
Imiphumela: Ukushintshwa kwe-valve yokusebenza kwesistimu akuguquguquki, kuvala ngokuxekethile kanye nokuvuza kwamanzi (umusi), okuholela ekulungiseni kabusha, futhi kuthinte ngisho nokunikezwa kwamanzi okujwayelekile (umusi).
Kala: I-valve kufanele ihlolwe amandla okucindezela nokuqina ngaphambi kokufakwa. Ukuhlolwa kuzokhetha u-10% wenani lenqwaba ngayinye (umkhiqizo ofanayo, ukucaciswa okufanayo, imodeli efanayo), futhi hhayi ngaphansi kweyodwa. Ukuze i-valve yesifunda evaliwe efakwe epayipini elikhulu ukuze inqamule umsebenzi, kufanele ibe yinye ngayinye yokuhlola amandla nokuqina. Amandla e-VALVE nokucindezela kokuhlolwa kokuqina kuzohambisana “Nekhodi Yokwamukela Ikhwalithi Yokwakha Yokuhlinzeka Amanzi Okwakha, Ukukhipha Impahla Nobunjiniyela Bokushisa” (GB 50242-2002).
3
I-Taboo: Ukucaciswa kwe-valve yokufaka, amamodeli awahlangabezani nezidingo zokuklama. Isibonelo, ingcindezi ebizwa ngokuthi i-valve ingaphansi kwengcindezi yokuhlola uhlelo; Lapho ububanzi bepayipi legatsha lamanzi okuphakelayo bungaphansi noma bulingana no-50mm, i-valve yesango isetshenziswa; Ukushisa kwamanzi ashisayo omile, ipayipi eliqondile usebenzisa i-valve yokumisa; Ipayipi lokumunca lephampu yomlilo lisebenzisa ivalve uvemvane.
Umphumela: Kuthinta ukuvula nokuvala kwe-valve evamile futhi ulungise ukumelana, ukucindezela neminye imisebenzi. Ngisho kubangele ukusebenza kwesistimu, ukulimala kwe-valve ngenkani ukulungiswa.
Izinyathelo: Ukujwayela ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamavalvu, ngokuya ngezidingo zokuklama ukukhetha ukucaciswa kwama-valve namamodeli. Ukucindezela okulinganiselwe kwe-valve kuzohlangabezana nezidingo zokucindezela kokuhlolwa kwesistimu. Ngokwezidingo zekhodi yokwakha: ububanzi bepayipi lokuhambisa amanzi ngaphansi noma elilingana no-50mm kufanele kusetshenziswe i-valve yokusika; Ama-valve esango kufanele asetshenziswe lapho ububanzi bepayipi bukhulu kuno-50mm.
Ukushisa kwamanzi ashisayo okomile, i-valve yokulawula eqondile kufanele isebenzise i-valve yesango, ipayipi lokudonsa umlilo akufanele lisebenzise i-valve uvemvane.
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Ungakwenzi: Indlela yokufaka i-valve ayilungile. Isibonelo, i-valve ye-globe noma i-valve yokuhlola amanzi (i-steam) isiqondiso sokugeleza siphambene nesibonakaliso, isiqu sifakwe phansi, ukufakwa okuvundlile kwe-valve yokuhlola kufakwe ngokuqondile, i-valve yesango lenduku noma isibambo se-butterfly asivuliwe noma isikhala esivaliwe, isiqu se-valve asibhekene nomnyango wokuhlola.
Imiphumela: ukwehluleka kwe-valve, ubunzima bokushintshwa kwe-valve, ukwehla kwe-valve kuvame ukubangela ukuvuza kwamanzi.
Izinyathelo: Faka i-valve ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalelo yokufaka i-valve, shiya isiqu se-valve ukuze unwebe ukuphakama kokuvula, i-valve uvemvane icabangele ngokugcwele isikhala sokuzungezisa sesibambo, zonke izinhlobo ze-valve stem azikwazi ukuba ngaphansi kunesikhundla esivundlile, vumela. yedwa phansi. I-valve efihliwe hhayi kuphela ukusetha ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zokuvula nokuvala zomnyango wokuhlola, ngesikhathi esifanayo isiqu se-valve kufanele siqondiswe kumnyango wokuhlola.
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I-Taboo: i-butterfly valve flange ene-valve flange evamile.
Imiphumela: i-butterfly valve flange kanye nosayizi ojwayelekile we-valve we-valve uhlukile, ububanzi be-flange buncane, futhi i-disc butterfly valve inkulu, okuholela ekutheni ayikwazi ukuvulwa noma kunzima ukuvula umonakalo we-valve.
Izinyathelo: ngokuya ngosayizi wangempela we-butterfly valve flange flange processing flange.
6
I-Taboo: azikho izimbobo ezigodliwe kanye nezingxenye ezishunyekiwe ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo sesakhiwo, noma ubukhulu bezimbobo ezigodliwe zincane kakhulu futhi izingxenye ezishunyekiwe azimakwa.
Umphumela: Ukwakhiwa kwephrojekthi ye-WARM yokukhucululwa kwendle, ukukhetha isakhiwo sokwakha amashizolo, ngisho nokunqamula ukuqinisa ingcindezi, kuthinta ukusebenza kokuphepha kwesakhiwo.
Izinyathelo: Yazi imidwebo yokwakha yobunjiniyela bokushisisa nokuthuthwa kwendle ngokucophelela, futhi ubambisane ngenkuthalo ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo sokugcina izimbobo nezingxenye ezishumekiwe ngokuya ngezidingo zokufakwa kwamapayipi nama-hangers asekelayo, ngokubhekiselwa ngqo ezidingweni zokuklama kanye imininingwane yokwakha.
7
Ukuphikisana: Lapho ushisela ipayipi, ukuphela okungalungile kwepayipi ngemva kokuba umbhangqwana ungekho ku-Central Line efanayo, alikho igebe ku-pair, ipayipi lodonga eliwugqinsi alifosholo, futhi ububanzi nokuphakama kwe-weld akukwenzi. ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zekhodi yokwakha.
Umphumela: Ukuphela okungalungile kwepayipi akukho emgqeni ophakathi kuthinta ngokuqondile ikhwalithi ye-welding kanye nekhwalithi ebonakalayo. Alikho igebe phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili, ipayipi eliwugqinsi lodonga alifosholo, ububanzi nokuphakama kwe-weld akuhlangabezani nezidingo zezidingo zamandla wokushisela.
Izinyathelo: Ngemuva kokushisela ipheya lepayipi, ipayipi akufanele libe nephutha, kufanele libe ku-Central Line, igebe kufanele lishiywe kubhangqa, ipayipi eliwugqinsi kufanele lifakwe i-groove, ngaphezu kwalokho, ububanzi nokuphakama kwe-weld seam. kufanele zishiselwe ngokuvumelana nezidingo ezibekiwe.
8
I-Taboo: Ipayipi ligqitshwa ngokuqondile emhlabathini oyiqhwa futhi akukho ukwelashwa kwenhlabathi evulekile, ukuhlukaniswa kwamapayipi kanye nendawo engafanele, noma ngisho nokusetshenziswa kwesitini sekhodi eyomile.
Umphumela: Ngenxa yokwesekwa okungazinzile, ipayipi lonakala ngesikhathi sokugaywa kabusha komhlaba, okuholele ekulungisweni kabusha.
Izinyathelo: IPHAMBI NGEKE UBUNGWE EMHLABENI OQANDILE noma umhlabathi oxegekile ONGANGAPHAMBILI, UKUBEKA ISIKHALA KWEZIPHASI KUZOFINYELELA Izidingo zokucaciswa kokwakhiwa, FUTHI UMKHUBA WOKUSEKELA uyoqina, IKHAkhulukazi lapho kubonwa khona amapayipi, angeke asebenzise amandla okugunda. Izinsimbi zezitini kufanele zakhiwe ngodaka lukasimende ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho nokuqina.
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