Ukuhlelwa okujwayelekile kwama-valve asetshenziswa ngokuvamile kudinga ama-valve avamile ohlelweni lwamanzi omoya opholile

Ukuhlelwa okujwayelekile kwama-valve asetshenziswa ngokuvamile kudinga ama-valve avamile ohlelweni lwamanzi omoya opholile

Izidingo zesakhiwo esijwayelekile: 1. Ivalvu kufanele ibekwe endaweni okufinyeleleka kalula kuyo futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokuyinakekela. Ama-valve emgqeni wamapayipi kufanele ahlelwe phakathi nendawo. Amavalvu epayipi ngaphansi kwezinga eliphansi kufanele abekwe kuma-valve Wells. 2. Isikhungo sesondo se-valve esikhuphukeleni ngokuvamile siqhele ngo-1.2m ukusuka endaweni yokusebenza, futhi akufanele sidlule ku-1.8m.
Izidingo zesakhiwo esijwayelekile:
1. I-valve kufanele ibe endaweni okufinyeleleka kalula kuyo futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokuyinakekela. Ama-valve emgqeni wamapayipi kufanele ahlelwe phakathi nendawo. Amavalvu epayipi ngaphansi kwezinga eliphansi kufanele abekwe kuma-valve Wells.
2. Isikhungo sesondo se-valve esikhuphukeleni ngokuvamile siqhele ngo-1.2m ukusuka endaweni yokusebenza, futhi akufanele sidlule ku-1.8m.
3. Ku-valve epayipini elivundlile, isiqondiso sesiqu se-valve singanqunywa ngokulandelana okulandelayo: ukutsheka okuqondile phezulu, okuvundlile kanye naphansi okutshekile okungamadigri angu-45, ukuya phansi okuqondile akuvunyelwe.
4. Isikhungo se-valve esihlelwe eduze kwesiteji sokusebenza akufanele sibe ngaphezu kuka-450mm ukusuka emaphethelweni esiteji sokusebenza.
5. Ukufakwa okuvundlile kwe-valve yohlobo lwenduku evulekile, lapho i-valve ivuliwe, ngeke kuthinte i-passage.
6. Ukuhlelwa okuhambisanayo kwepayipi kuvalvu, umugqa omaphakathi kufanele ube ngangokunokwenzeka, ibanga lenetha phakathi kwesondo lesandla akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-100mm, linganyakaziswa isakhiwo.
7. I-valve epayipini elingezansi lombhoshongo, i-reactor, isitsha esime mpo kanye nezinye izinto zokusebenza akufanele zihlelwe esiketini. 8. I-valve kufanele ifakwe eduze ngangokunokwenzeka epayipini elomile noma impahla, futhi i-valve exhunywe emlonyeni wepayipi wempahla kufanele ixhunywe ngokuqondile, futhi i-valve epayipini elixhunywe emshinini ophakathi nendawo enobuthi kufanele iqonde ngqo. exhunywe emlonyeni wepayipi wemishini.
9. Ngepayipi legatsha elivundlile eliholwa epayipini elomile, i-valve yokusika kufanele isethwe engxenyeni yepayipi evundlile eduze kwempande.
Izidingo zesakhiwo se-valve evamile
I-valve yokumisa engu-1
Isondo lesandla nesibambo amavalvu eglobhu asetshenziswayo angafakwa noma kuphi epayipini
B Isondo lesandla, isibambo kanye nendlela yokudlulisa i-valve akuvunyelwe ukusetshenziselwa ukuphakamisa
C Uma ifakiwe, ukugeleza kwe-medium kufanele kuhambisane nesiqondiso esiboniswa umcibisholo emzimbeni we-valve
Uma i-D ingaphansi noma ilingana ne-DN100, umklamo ngokuvamile usekelwe kokokufaka okuphansi nokukhipha okuphezulu. Uma i-D inkulu kune-DN125 noma ilingana, umklamo ngokuvamile usekelwe ekufakweni okuphezulu nokukhipha okuphansi
E Amavalvu embulunga aqondile afakwa kumapayipi avundlile
2. Isango
I-valve yesango elilodwa le-Manual ingafakwa kunoma iyiphi indawo.
B Amavalvu esango eliphindwe kabili azofakwa aqonde, okungukuthi isiqu endaweni eqondile nesondo lesandla phezulu.
3. I-valve ye-throttle
A Njengoba i-throttle valve isebenza kaningi, kufanele ifakwe endaweni efanele, kungaba ngamapayipi avundlile noma aqondile.
4. Hlola i-valve
I-valve yokuhlola i-lift eqondile kufanele ifakwe epayipini elivundlile; Amavalvu okuhlola ukuphakamisa aqondile kanye nama-valve aphansi afakwe kumapayipi aqondile, futhi okuphakathi kugeleza kusuka phansi kuya phezulu.
B AMAVAVAVA Okuhlola AKUMELE ABE KHONA NGOKUQONDILE ezansi komfula wamapayipi ogoba noma izindololwane ukuze ugweme ama-eddy CURRENTS ESUKA kwabezindaba ESIGEZA NGAWO.
AMAVAVAVU OKUSUNGUKA OKUSHESHA AFAKWA EZIMO EZINGAMkhawulelwa, EVAMISE EMAPHAYINI APENDULISE, KODWA ANGAFAKA EMAPHAYINI APHEZULU NOMA AMAPHAPHU.
D Ivalvu engezansi kufanele ifakwe ngaphansi kwepayipi lokumunca iphampu yamanzi
E Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuklama, umonakalo we-valve, amapayipi noma izinto zokusebenza ezibangelwa ukucindezela kwesando samanzi lapho i-valve ivaliwe kufanele kucatshangelwe.
5. I-valve ye-Butterfly
I-valve ye-Butterfly ene-spanner ingafakwa noma kuphi epayipini noma emishinini.
B Ivalve yovemvane enomshini wokudlulisa kufanele ifakwe iqonde phezulu noma ngokwemiyalelo yomkhiqizo
6. I-valve yebhola
I-valve yebhola esebenza ngesikrufu ingafakwa noma kuphi epayipini noma emishinini
7. I-valve ye-diaphragm
Ivalvu ye-diaphragm ayiwafanele amapayipi evacuum nezinto zokusebenza
B Ivalvu ye-diaphragm enesondo lesandla ingafakwa noma kuphi epayipini noma emishinini
8. I-valve yokusiza
Izimfuneko zesakhiwo sepayipi elingenayo
* Ivalvu yokuphepha izofakwa endaweni ebheke phezulu eqondile. Uma kungenjalo, imvume yomkhiqizi kufanele itholakale.
* Amavalvu okuphepha kufanele afakwe eduze ngangokunokwenzeka kumishini noma ohlelweni oluvikelekile.
* Ipayipi lokungena lokufaka i-valve yokuphepha kufanele ibe mfushane futhi iqonde. Indawo encane ye-cross-sectional yepayipi yokungena akufanele ibe ngaphansi kwendawo ye-cross-sectional yokungena kwe-valve yokuphepha. Ngomfutho ophakeme kanye nezikhathi ezinkulu zokufuduka, ipayipi lokungena emnyango kufanele libe yirediyasi eyindilinga enkulu ngokwanele; Noma ineshaneli ecijile lapho indawo yokungena ephambanayo icishe iphindwe kabili indawo yokuphuma ephambanayo.
* Lapho i-valve yokukhulula ikhishwa, ukwehla kokucindezela epayipini lokungena, okungukuthi, phakathi kwezinto ezivikelwe kanye nevalvu yokukhulula, kufanele kube kuncane ngangokunokwenzeka. AKUKHO NOMA YILUPHI UKWENZA OKUCINDEZELEKO OKUYOKWENZA KU-3% WOKUCINDEZELA OKUBEKA NOMA U-1/3 WOMhluko OMKHULU OVUMELEKILE WOKUvula/OKUVALA, kuye ngokuthi imuphi OMNCANE. Uma ingcindezi yehla kakhulu, imvamisa yevalvu yokukhulula izogxuma.
* Ipayipi elingenayo ngokuvamile lihlinzekwa ngobakaki we-CB
* Uma i-valve yokuhlukanisa ifakiwe endaweni yokufaka i-valve yokuphepha, akufanele yephule izinhlinzeko ezifanele zemithetho noma imininingwane.
* I-valve yokuphepha akufanele ifakwe ekugcineni kwesigaba sepayipi eside esivundlile, ukuze ugweme ukuqoqwa kwezinto eziqinile noma eziwuketshezi ekugcineni okufile, okuthinta ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-valve yokuphepha.
B Izidingo zesakhiwo sepayipi lokukhipha
* Indawo ephambanayo yepayipi lokukhipha akufanele ibe ngaphansi kwendawo ephambanayo ye-valve yokuphepha. Uma AMAVAVAVA AMANINGI OKUPHUMULA EKUCHITHWA EMGQENI OMKHULU, INDAWO ENGEMBANA NESIGABA SOKUCHITHWA KOMUGQA WOKUCHITHWA IYOBA NJENGOBA INANI LONKE LOKUCHITHWA KUWO WONKE AMAVAVA OKUPHUMELA ANGAPHUMELA KUWO NGASINYE NGESINYE KUYAMUKELEKA.
* Ipayipi lokukhipha ngokuvamile lifakwe ubakaki we-GL
* Noma yiziphi izimo ezingaholela ekuvinjweni kolayini wokukhulula kufanele zigwenywe. Uma kunesidingo, kufanele kuhlinzekwe imbobo yokukhipha amanzi ukuze kuvinjelwe imvula, iqhwa, i-condensate, njll.
* Ukukhipha kanye nokukhipha amanzi kwevalvu yokuphepha kufanele kuqondiswe endaweni ephephile. Ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekukhishweni nasekunciphiseni imidiya eyingozi.
* Uma i-valve yokuhlukanisa ifakwe lapho kuphuma khona i-valve yokuphepha, akufanele yephule izinhlinzeko ezifanele zemithetho noma imininingwane.
9. I-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi
I-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi akufanele ibekwe eduze kwemishini ezungezayo noma kube lula ukuthi ithinteke, futhi kufanele ibhekwe njengokusiza ukunakekelwa.
B Ivalvu yokunciphisa ingcindezi kufanele ifakwe epayipini elivundlile
C I-outlet ye-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi kufanele inikezwe ukwesekwa okuthembekile ukuze ugweme ukulimala kokudlidliza ngesikhathi sokuwohloka
Ama-valve avamile ohlelweni lwamanzi okushisa komoya ama-valve avamile ohlelweni lwamanzi omoya womoya yi-valve ye-butterfly, i-valve yokuhlola, i-globe valve, i-valve yebhola, njll., ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kwe-valve, okudingeka siqale siqonde uhlelo lwamanzi omoya ophakathi. Uhlelo lwamanzi lwesistimu ye-air conditioning emaphakathi ihlanganisa uhlelo lwamanzi okupholisa kanye namanzi abandayo/amanzi ashisayo (ngokuvamile ipayipi elilodwa, ukuzungeza amanzi ayiqhwa ehlobo namanzi ashisayo ebusika). Umoya opholile noma umoya opholile kanye nohlobo lwephampu eshisiwe luhlanganisa isistimu yamanzi ayisiqandisi/ashisayo kuphela.
Air conditioning amanzi uhlelo ngokuvamile asetshenziswa valve uvemvane valve, isheke valve, iglobhu valve, ibhola valve, njll, ukusetshenziswa okuqondile okuyinto valve, kudingeka siqale siqonde central air conditioning uhlelo amanzi.
Uhlelo lwamanzi lwesistimu ye-air conditioning emaphakathi ihlanganisa uhlelo lwamanzi okupholisa kanye namanzi abandayo/amanzi ashisayo (ngokuvamile ipayipi elilodwa, ukuzungeza amanzi ayiqhwa ehlobo namanzi ashisayo ebusika). Umoya opholile noma umoya opholile kanye nohlobo lwephampu eshisisayo luhlanganisa isistimu yamanzi ayisiqandisi/ashisayo kuphela. Uhlelo lwamanzi olujikelezayo luyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu ye-air conditioning emaphakathi.
Iyunithi evamile yokupholisa umoya emaphakathi ikakhulukazi yakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu: uhlelo lokujikeleza kwamanzi apholile, uhlelo lokupholisa amanzi kanye nenjini eyinhloko:
Uhlelo lokujikeleza kwamanzi apholile
Le ngxenye yenziwe ngephampu epholile, ifeni yasendlini kanye nepayipi lamanzi elibandayo. Amanzi apholile anezinga eliphansi lokushisa eliphansi agelezayo esuka ku-evaporator yomshini wokusingatha acindezelwa epayipini lamanzi abandayo (amanzi aphumayo) ngepompo yesiqandisi, angene egumbini lokushintshaniswa kokushisa, asuse ukushisa ekamelweni, futhi abuyele ku-evaporator. yomshini wokusingathwa (buyisela amanzi). Isiphephetha-moya esisendlini sisetshenziselwa ukuvuthela umoya ngepayipi lamanzi abandayo ukuze kwehliswe izinga lokushisa lomoya futhi kusheshiswe ukushintshana kokushisa kwangaphakathi.
Ukupholisa isigaba sokujikeleza kwamanzi
Le ngxenye yakhiwe iphampu yokupholisa, ipayipi lamanzi okupholisa, umbhoshongo wamanzi okupholisa, njll. Uhlelo lokujikeleza kwamanzi apholile lokushintshanisa ukushisa kwangaphakathi ngesikhathi esifanayo, luzosusa ukushisa okuningi kwangaphakathi. Amandla okushisa adluliselwa emanzini apholisayo ngesiqandisi esisenjinini enkulu, ukuze izinga lokushisa lamanzi okupholisa likhuphuke. Iphampu yokupholisa izofudumeza umfutho wamanzi apholisayo embhoshongweni wamanzi okupholisa (amanzi), ukuze ikwazi ukushintshanisa ukushisa nomkhathi, inciphise izinga lokushisa bese ibuyela ku-condenser yenjini eyinhloko (buyisela amanzi).
Umethuleli
Injini eyinhloko yakhiwe i-compressor, i-evaporator, i-condenser ne-refrigerant (isiqandisi). Umjikelezo wayo wokusebenza umi kanje:
Okokuqala, isiqandisi segesi esinengcindezi ephansi sicindezelwa yi-compressor ku-condenser futhi kancane kancane sifinyezwe sibe uketshezi olunomfutho ophezulu. Ngenqubo yokufingqa, isiqandisi sizokhipha amandla amaningi okushisa, adonswa amanzi okupholisa ku-condenser futhi athunyelwe embhoshongweni wokupholisa ongaphandle, futhi ekugcineni adedelwe emkhathini. Khona-ke lapho isiqandisi soketshezi esinomfutho ophezulu ku-condenser sigeleza emshinini wokudonsa kanye nowehlayo ngaphambi kwe-evaporator, siyahwamuka ngenxa yokushintsha kungazelelwe kokucindezela, kwakheka ingxube yoketshezi lwegesi futhi ingene ku-evaporator. Isiqandisi sihlala sihwamuka ku-evaporator, futhi sizomunca ukushisa kwamanzi ayiqhwa ukuze senze amanzi ayiqhwa afinyelele izinga lokushisa eliphansi. ***, i-refrigerant ku-evaporator ngemva kokufakwa kwe-gasification iba igesi ephansi yokucindezela, iphinde ingene ku-compressor, njalonjalo.
Ivalvu yokulawula esetshenziswa ohlelweni lwamanzi omoya opholile yaziwa nangokuthi i-valve elawulayo, isohlelweni lwamapayipi ukulungisa uketshezi noma umshini wokulawula ukugeleza kwegesi. Lokhu kulungiswa kufezwa ngokushintsha ukuvulwa kwama-valve okulawula axhunywe ochungechungeni ohlelweni lwamapayipi, ngaleyo ndlela kushintsha ukumelana noketshezi.
Ukukhethwa kwe-valve yokulawula kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwesistimu, ukwandisa impilo yesevisi ye-valve yokulawula nokulondoloza amandla. Ngaphandle kobubanzi be-valve obufanele, uhlelo lokugeleza kwamanzi olushintshayo olulawulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngeke lusebenze ezingeni eliphumelelayo. Ubukhulu be-valve obukhulu kakhulu buzoholela ekusebenzeni kabi kokulawula, kungase kwenze uhlelo lushaqeke noma lunyakaze, futhi lumoshe ukutshalwa kwezimali; I-valve encane kakhulu izodinga ukuthi uhlelo lunikeze umehluko omkhulu wokucindezela ukuze kugcinwe ukugeleza okwanele, ukuze umthwalo wepompo ube mkhulu, kuyilapho i-valve isengozini yokulimala, futhi ingase inganiki amandla adingekayo; Kokubili kuzoletha ukuphazamiseka kokulungisa futhi kufinyeze impilo yesevisi ye-valve yokulawula.
Kusukela esingenisweni esingenhla, kungaphethwa ngokuthi ama-valve asetshenziswa kakhulu ohlelweni lwamanzi omoya opholile yilezi: i-valve butterfly manual, i-valve butterfly kagesi, i-anti-condensation butterfly valve, i-butterfly check valve, i-valve yokulawula izinga lamanzi, i-valve yokusika, njll Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi udinga ukuxhumana okuthambile kwerabha, isihlungi nezinye izesekeli zamapayipi.