Ulwazi oluyisisekelo lokusebenzisa i-valve nokugcinwa kwalo: ukufakwa kwamavalvu kumele kunake izindaba nemininingwane

Ulwazi oluyisisekelo lokusebenzisa ama-valvu: ukufakwa kwamavalvu kufanele kunake izindaba nemininingwane Eminye yemingcele eyisisekelo inamazinga kazwelonke nawomnyango. I-diameter yegama le-valve yokungena nokuphumayo ibizwa ngokuthi i-diameter ye-valve. Imelwe ngu-Dg (i-Dn ejwayelekile kazwelonke yokuhlola), ngamamilimitha (mm). Ububanzi obujwayelekile be-valve bucaciswe ku-GB1074-70 ejwayelekile kazwelonke. Uchungechunge lwama-valves obubanzi obujwayelekile luboniswa kuThebula 1-1. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ububanzi obujwayelekile be-valve buhambisana nobubanzi bangempela. Kukhona into ekhona yokuthi i-diameter yegama ayihambisani nobubanzi bangempela bevalvu eyenziwe ngomgunyathi esetshenziswa embonini yamakhemikhali anengcindezi ephezulu kanye ne-petroleum. Ukucindezela okulinganiselwe kwe-valve kubizwa ngokuthi ingcindezi ye-valve. Ivezwa ngu-Pg (izinga likazwelonke livezwa yi-PN, iyunithi yokucindezela ibha), futhi iyunithi i-kg force / cm2 (kgf/cm2). Uma i-Pg16 imakwe ku-valve, ukucindezela okulinganiselwe kwe-valve kungamandla angu-16 kg / cm 2. Ukucindezela okulinganiselwe kwe-valve kuchazwe ku-GB1048-70 ejwayelekile kazwelonke. Uchungechunge lokucindezelwa okulinganiselwe kwama-valve luboniswa kuThebula 1-2. Umthamo wangempela wokucindezela we-valve uvame ukuba mkhulu kakhulu kunokucindezela okujwayelekile kwe-valve, okuklanyelwe ukucabangela isici sokuphepha. Ngamandla okuhlolwa kwengcindezi ye-valve, ngokusho kwezinhlinzeko zokuvunyelwa okungaphezu kokucindezela okuzisholo, esimweni sokusebenza se-valve, ihlukaniswe ngokuqinile phezu komsebenzi wokucindezela, ngokuvamile khetha ngaphansi kwenani lokucindezela okulinganiselwe. Okwesithathu, ubudlelwane phakathi kwengcindezi yokusebenza kwe-valve kanye nezinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-valve esimweni sokusebenza sokucindezela kubizwa ngokuthi ukucindezela kokusebenza kwe-valve, okuhlobene nempahla kanye nezinga lokushisa lokusebenza le-medium ye-valve. . Imelwe ngu-P, isibalo esisekhoneni elingezansi kwesokudla segama elingu-P liyi-medium ** izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elihlukaniswe ngamanani angu-10. Isibonelo, i-P42 ikhombisa ingcindezi yokusebenza ye-valve medium ezingeni lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu elingu-425℃. I-valve yokusebenza kwezinga lokushisa kanye netafula elikhulu elihambisanayo lokushintsha ingcindezi yokusebenza okwesikhashana. Bheka Ithebula 1-3, 4, 5. Isibonelo sohlelo lokusebenza: amandla angu-40kg/cm 2 valvu yensimbi ye-carbon endaweni yokushisa emaphakathi yokusebenza engu-425℃ epayipini, ukucindezela kwayo okuphezulu kakhulu ukuthi ingakanani eyokuqala eyisithupha etafuleni 1- 3 ikholomu yensimbi yensimbi, thola izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo elingu-425℃ igridi ukuze ubheke phansi, bese uhlola ikholomu yokucindezela okuzisholo yamandla angu-40 kg/cm 2 igridi ukuze ubheke phansi, Inombolo ekumpambanweni kwemigoqo emibili ukucindezela okukhulu kokusebenza kwe-P4222 kg/cm 2 yale valve yensimbi ye-carbon Indawo efanelekile ye-valve iyisici okufanele icatshangelwe ekwakhiweni nasekukhethweni kwe-valve. Ukwazi kanjani kahle "i-valve medium" sicela ufunde isampula ye-valve kanye ne-anti-corrosion manual kanye nokusetshenziswa nokugcinwa kwe-valve Ulwazi: ukufakwa kwe-valve kufanele kunake izindaba nemininingwane yendawo yokufaka i-valve, kufanele kube lula ukusebenza: noma ngabe ukufakwa kunzima okwesikhashana, kodwa futhi nomsebenzi wesikhathi eside womsebenzisi. Kungcono ukuthi isondo lesandla se-valve liqondaniswe nesifuba (ngokuvamile amamitha angu-1.2 ukusuka endaweni yokusebenza), ukuze kube lula ukuvula nokuvala i-valve. Isondo lesandla se-valve eliphansi kufanele libe phezulu, ungatsheki, ukuze ugweme ukusebenza kabi. Umshini wodonga uncike ku-valve yemishini, kodwa futhi ushiye indawo yokuthi opharetha ame. Ngaphambi kokufakwa, i-valve kufanele ihlolwe ukuze kuhlolwe ukucaciswa kanye nohlobo futhi kuhlonzwe ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo, ikakhulukazi we-valve stem. Ikhwalithi yokufaka i-valve, ithinta ngokuqondile ukusetshenziswa, ngakho-ke kufanele uyinake ngokucophelela. (1) Indlela kanye nendawo Ama-valve amaningi anesiqondiso, njengama-globe valves, ama-throttle valves, ama-valve anciphisayo, ama-valve okuhlola, njll., uma ehlanekezelwe, kuzothinta umphumela wokusebenzisa nokuphila (njengama-throttle valves), noma ungakwenzi. sebenza nhlobo (njengokunciphisa ama-valve), futhi ubangele ngisho nengozi (njengama-valve okuhlola). I-valve evamile, uphawu lokuqondisa emzimbeni we-valve; Uma kungenjalo, kufanele ikhonjwe ngendlela efanele ngokuvumelana nesimiso sokusebenza se-valve. I-valve ye-valve ye-globe valve i-asymmetrical, uketshezi kufanele luyivumele ukusuka phansi kuye phezulu ngokusebenzisa i-valve port, ukuze ukumelana noketshezi kube kuncane (kunqunywa ukuma), vula ukonga amandla (ngenxa yokucindezela okuphakathi phezulu) , ivaliwe ngemuva kokuthi i-medium ayicindezeli ukupakisha, ukugcinwa okulula, yingakho i-valve yomhlaba ingakwazi ukuguqulwa. Amanye ama-valve nawo anezici zawo. Isikhundla sokufakwa kwe-valve, kufanele kube lula ukusebenza: ngisho noma ukufakwa kunzima okwesikhashana, kodwa futhi nomsebenzi wesikhathi eside womqhubi. Kungcono ukuthi isondo lesandla se-valve liqondaniswe nesifuba (ngokuvamile amamitha angu-1.2 ukusuka endaweni yokusebenza), ukuze kube lula ukuvula nokuvala i-valve. Isondo lesandla se-valve eliphansi kufanele libe phezulu, ungatsheki, ukuze ugweme ukusebenza kabi. Umshini wodonga uncike ku-valve yemishini, kodwa futhi ushiye indawo yokuthi opharetha ame. Ukuze ugweme ukuphakamisa ukusebenza, ikakhulukazi i-asidi ne-alkali, imidiya enobuthi, ngaphandle kwalokho ayiphephile. Ungaphenyisi isango (okungukuthi isondo lesandla liye phansi), ngaphandle kwalokho okuphakathi kuzohlala isikhathi eside endaweni yebhonethi, ukugqwala kalula kwesiqu, futhi kwezinye izidingo zenqubo ziphikisana. Akulula ukushintsha ukupakisha ngesikhathi esifanayo. Vula i-stem gate valvu, ungafaki phansi, ngaphandle kwalokho ngenxa yokugqwala okumanzi kwesiqu esivele. Phakamisa isheke valve, ukufakwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-disc mpo, ukuze ephakamisa nezimo. Swing isheke valve, lapho efakwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga pin, ukuze swing nezimo. I-valve yokunciphisa kufanele ifakwe iqonde epayipini elivundlile, futhi ungatsheli kunoma iyiphi indlela. (2) Imisebenzi yokwakha Ukufakwa kanye nokwakha kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi angashayi amavalvu enziwe ngezinto eziphukayo. Ngaphambi kokufakwa, i-valve kufanele ihlolwe ukuze kuhlolwe ukucaciswa kanye nohlobo futhi kuhlonzwe ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo, ikakhulukazi we-valve stem. Futhi vula izikhathi ezimbalwa ukuze ubone ukuthi ihlanekezelwe yini, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuthutha, kulula ukugoqa isiqu se-valve. Futhi imfucumfucu ku-valve. Uma uphakamisa i-valve, intambo akufanele iboshwe ku-handwheel noma isiqu ukugwema ukulimala kulezi zingxenye, kufanele iboshwe ku-flange. Kumavalvu axhunywe epayipini, qiniseka ukuthi uyawahlanza. Umoya ocindezelwe ungasetshenziselwa ukuphephula ama-chips e-iron oxide, isihlabathi, i-welding slag kanye nezinye izibi. Lezi zinhlayiya, akulula nje ukunwaya indawo yokuvala ye-valve, kuhlanganise nezinhlayiya ezinkulu ze-sundries (njenge-welding slag), kodwa futhi zingavimbela i-valve encane, ukuze ihluleke. Lapho ufaka i-valve yesikulufa, ukupakisha kokuvala (intambo namafutha e-aluminium noma ibhande le-polytetrafluoroethylene eluhlaza) kufanele kuhlanganiswe emculweni wepayipi, ungangeni ku-valve, ukuze ungagcini umkhiqizo wememori ye-valve, uthinte ukuhamba kwemidiya. Lapho ufaka ama-valve ane-flanged, qaphela ukuqinisa ama-bolts ngokulinganayo nangokulinganayo. I-valve flange kanye ne-pipe flange kumele kuhambisane, kucace kahle, ukuze kugwenywe ukucindezela okukhulu, noma ukuqhekeka kwe-valve. Ikakhulukazi ezintweni eziphukayo kanye nama-valve anamandla aphansi. Amavalvu azoshiselwa ngamapayipi kufanele ashiselwe kuqala, bese evula ngokugcwele izingxenye zokuvala, bese efakwa efile. (3) Izinyathelo zokuzivikela Amanye ama-valve kufanele futhi abe nesivikelo sangaphandle, okuwukupholisa nokupholisa. Imigqa ye-steam eshisayo kwesinye isikhathi iyengezwa ku-insulation. Hlobo luni lwe-valve okufanele lufakwe ngaphakathi noma lugcinwe lubanda, ngokuya ngezidingo zokukhiqiza. Eqinisweni, lapho okuphakathi ku-valve kunciphisa izinga lokushisa kakhulu, kuzothinta ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza noma ukumisa i-valve, udinga ukugcina ukushisa, noma ngisho nokuxuba ukushisa; Lapho ama-valve eveziwe, engalungile ekukhiqizeni noma abangele isithwathwa nezinye izinto ezimbi, kuyadingeka ukubanda. Izinto zokufakelwa i-asbestos, uboya be-slag, uboya bengilazi, i-perlite, i-diatomite, i-vermiculite, njll; Izinto zokupholisa zihlanganisa ukhokho, i-perlite, igwebu, ipulasitiki nokunye. (4) I-bypass kanye nensimbi Amanye ama-valve, ngaphezu kwezindawo zokuvikela ezidingekayo, kodwa futhi ane-bypass kanye nezinsimbi. Kufakwe i-bypass. Kulula ukulungisa isicupho. Amanye ama-valve, nawo afakwe nge-bypass. Ukuthi kufakwe i-bypass, kuncike esimweni se-valve, ukubaluleka kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza. (5) ukupakisha esikhundleni I-valve yokusungula, ukupakisha okunye akukuhle, okunye nokusetshenziswa kwemidiya akufani, lokhu kudinga ukushintsha ukupakisha. Abakhiqizi be-valve abakwazi ukucabangela ukusetshenziswa kwezinkulungwane zamayunithi emidiya ehlukene, ibhokisi lokugxusha lihlala ligcwele impande evamile, kodwa lapho lisetshenziswa, kufanele livumele isigcwalisi phakathi ukuze sizivumelanise. Lapho ushintsha isigcwalisi, cindezela ngokuzungeza ngokuzungeza. Umthungo ngamunye wendandatho ukuya kuma-degree angama-45 kufanelekile, indandatho futhi ikhale ivuleke ngama-degree angama-180. Ubude bokupakisha kufanele bucabangele igumbi ukuze indlala iqhubeke nokucindezela. Njengamanje, ingxenye engezansi ye-gland kufanele icindezele ikamelo lokupakisha ekujuleni okufanele, okungaba ngu-10-20% wengqikithi yokujula kwekamelo lokupakisha. Kuma-valve adingeka kakhulu, i-engeli ehlangene ingama-degree angama-30. I-seam phakathi kwamasongo inyakaziswa ngama-degree angu-120. Ngaphezu kwalezi zigcwalisi ezingenhla, zingase futhi ngokusho kwesimo esithile, ukusetshenziswa kwe-rubber O-ring (ukumelana nenjoloba yemvelo ngezansi kwama-degrees Celsius angama-60 e-alkali ebuthakathaka, ukumelana nenjoloba ye-butadiene ngezansi kwama-80 degrees Celsius ikristalu kawoyela, ukumelana nenjoloba ye-Fluorine ngezansi kuka-150 degrees Celsius. imidiya ehlukahlukene egqwalayo) indandatho enqwabelene ye-polytetrafluoroethylene enezicucu ezintathu (ukumelana okungaphansi kuka-200 degrees Celsius imidiya edlayo enamandla) indandatho yesitsha senayiloni (ukumelana okungaphansi kuka-120 degrees Celsius ammonia, alkali) nokunye ukugcwaliswa okwenza. Ungqimba lwetheyiphu ye-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) isongwe ngaphandle kwediski ye-asbestos evamile, engathuthukisa umphumela wokuvala futhi inciphise ukugqwala kwe-electrochemical kwesiqu se-valve. Uma ucindezela isinongo, kuyadingeka ukushintshanisa isiqu se-valve ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuze usigcine sisesimweni esifanayo futhi usivikele ekubeni sife kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisa indlala ngokulinganayo futhi ungatsheki.