Kuthiwani uma umzimba we-valve ugqwala? Incazelo enemininingwane yemodi yokuxhuma yedivayisi ye-multi-turn valve drive (I)

Kuthiwani uma umzimba we-valve ugqwala? Incazelo enemininingwane yemodi yokuxhuma yedivayisi ye-multi-turn valve drive (I)

Ngokuthuthuka kwamakhono, ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni zokushisa okuphezulu, umfutho ophakeme, amakhaza ajulile, i-vacuum ephezulu, ukugqwala okunamandla, i-radioactive, ukuvutha nokuqhuma kanye neminye imingcele ephezulu yezimo ezibucayi iyakhula, bese ibeka phambili izidingo eziphakeme neziqinile ukuphepha kokusetshenziswa kwe-valve, umsebenzi wenkampani kanye nempilo yesevisi.
Njengoba ukugqwala kwenzeka ekusebenzelaneni okuzenzakalelayo phakathi kwensimbi nendawo ezungezile, indlela yokuhlukanisa insimbi endaweni ezungezile noma ukusebenzisa izinto zokwenziwa ezingezona ezensimbi kugxilwe ekuvimbeleni ukugqwala. I-valve corrosion, ngokuvamile eqondwa njengensimbi ye-valve esenzweni samakhemikhali noma se-electrochemical ngokubhujiswa.
I-valve body corrosion ngezindlela ezimbili, okungukuthi ukugqwala kwamakhemikhali kanye nokugqwala kwe-electrochemical. Izinga lokugqwala kwalo lincike ezingeni lokushisa, ingcindezi, izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ze-medium kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwempahla yomzimba. Isivinini sokugqwala singahlukaniswa ngamaleveli ayisithupha:
1, ukumelana nokugqwala okuphelele: isivinini sokugqwala esingaphansi kuka-0.001 mm/ngonyaka;
2, ukumelana nokugqwala kakhulu: isivinini sokugqwala sisuka ku-0.001 siye ku-0.01 mm/ngonyaka;
3, ukumelana nokugqwala: isivinini sokugqwala sisuka ku-0.01 siye ku-0.1 mm/ngonyaka;
4, ukumelana nokugqwala: isivinini sokugqwala sisuka ku-0.1 siye ku-1.0 mm/ngonyaka;
5, ukumelana nokugqwala okungekuhle: isivinini sokugqwala sisuka ku-1.0 kuye ku-10 mm/ngonyaka;
6, ukumelana nokugqwala: isivinini sokugqwala sikhulu kuno-10 mm/ngonyaka.
Nakuba idatha yokuvimbela ukugqwala komzimba we-valve icebile kakhulu, kodwa akulula ukukhetha kahle, ngoba inkinga yokugqwala iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngakho-ke yiziphi izindlela zokuvikela ukugqwala komzimba we-valve?
Okokuqala, khetha izinto ezifanele. Ukukhethwa kwempahla yomzimba we-valve kunzima, kodwa futhi ayikwazi nje ukucabangela inkinga yokugqwala, kufanele icabangele ukucindezela nokushisa ukumelana, okunengqondo kwezomnotho, ukuthenga okulula nezinye izici.
Kumelwe kuthathwe isilinganiso somugqa ngokulandelayo, uma ulayini uhola, i-aluminium kalayini, ipulasitiki yobunjiniyela bomugqa, irabha yemvelo yomugqa kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zenjoloba yokwenziwa. Uma izimo ezimaphakathi zivuma, lena indlela yokonga.
Futhi, esimweni sokucindezela okuphansi nokushisa, ukusebenzisa okungeyona insimbi njengento eyinhloko ye-valve kungase kusebenze kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukugqwala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingaphandle lomzimba we-valve nalo lingaphansi kokugqwala komkhathi, izinto ezijwayelekile zensimbi kufanele zixutshwe ngopende ukuze zivikeleke.
(a) isisetshenziswa esisetshenziswa ukusebenza nokuxhuma ivalvu. Idivayisi ingaqhutshwa ngesandla, ugesi, i-pneumatic, i-hydraulic noma inhlanganisela yabo yemithombo yamandla, futhi inqubo yokunyakaza ingalawulwa ngokushaya, i-torque noma i-axial thrust. Sebenzisa uhlamvu F kanye nesethi yamadijithi amabili (amadijithi amanani ahambisana no-D3, afinyezwe phansi futhi ahlukaniswe ngo-10). Amandla e-axial adluliswa ngokuxhuma i-flange kanye nokushayela ngedivayisi yokushayela avezwa nge-Newton (N). Umzuzu wokuzungeza odluliswa ngokuxhuma i-flange kudrayivu ngokusebenzisa idivayisi yokushayela uvezwa ngamamitha we-Newton (N “m).
1, ububanzi,
Leli zinga licacisa imigomo nezincazelo zamadrayivu ama-valve aphendukayo amaningi, amakhodi e-flange kanye ne-torque yawo enkulu ehambisanayo kanye ne-thrust enkulu. Ubukhulu be-flange obuxhunywe ne-valve, isakhiwo kanye nobukhulu bezingxenye zokushayela.
Leli zinga lisebenza kubukhulu bokuxhunywa kwama-valve ama-valve kuma-valve esango, iglowubhu, i-throttle ne-diaphragm, kanye nobukhulu bokuxhunywa kwemishini yokushayela kumabhokisi egiya namabhokisi egiya kumavalvu.
2. Imibhalo eyinkomba evamile
Izinhlinzeko zamadokhumenti alandelayo zifakwe kuleli zinga lamazwe ngamazwe ngereferensi. Zonke izichibiyelo ezalandela (ngaphandle kweziphambeko) noma ukubuyekezwa kwezithenjwa zedethi azisebenzi kuleli Zinga lamazwe ngamazwe. Nokho, abathintekayo esivumelwaneni esingaphansi kwaleli Zinga Lamazwe Ngamazwe bayakhuthazwa ukuthi baphenye ukutholakala kwe-*** izinguqulo zala madokhumenti. *** izinguqulo zezinkomba ezingenasuku ziyasebenza kuleli Zinga lamazwe ngamazwe.
I-GB/T 196 Ubukhulu obuyisisekelo bochungechunge oluvamile (GB/T 196-2003,IS0 724; 1993,MOD)
3. Imigomo Nezincazelo
shayela
Idivayisi esetshenziselwa ukusebenza nokuxhuma i-valve. Idivayisi ingaqhutshwa ngesandla, ugesi, i-pneumatic, i-hydraulic noma inhlanganisela yabo yemithombo yamandla, futhi inqubo yokunyakaza ingalawulwa ngokushaya, i-torque noma i-axial thrust.
Amadrayivu amaningi okuguqula
Ishafu yokukhipha ingaphendulwa okungenani kanye futhi ingakwazi ukumelana nokuphonseka lapho i-actuator idlulisela i-torque ku-valve.
torque
Umzuzu wokuzungeza odluliswa ngokuxhuma i-flange kudrayivu ngokusebenzisa idivayisi yokushayela uvezwa ngamamitha we-Newton (N “m).
cindezela
Amandla e-axial adluliswa ngokuxhuma i-flange kanye nokushayela ngedivayisi yokushayela avezwa nge-Newton (N).
Ikhodi ye-Flange
Sebenzisa uhlamvu F kanye nesethi yamadijithi amabili (amadijithi amanani ahambisana no-D3, afinyezwe phansi futhi ahlukaniswe ngo-10).
4, ikhodi ye-flange i-torque enkulu ngokuqhathaniswa ne-thrust enkulu uma kuqhathaniswa
I-torque ne-thrust esohlwini lweThebula 1 imele i-torque enkulu ngokuqhathaniswa ne-thrust engadluliswa nge-flange ne-actuator yedivayisi yokushayela.
Ithebula 1 Ukuqhathaniswa kwetorque enkulu kanye nenani le-thrust le-Flangde no.1
5, usayizi wokuxhuma kwe-flange
I-Flange exhuma i-actuator ku-valve njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1 kanye nethebula lesi-2.
I-FIG. 1 Umdwebo wokuxhuma wedivayisi yokushayela kanye nevalvu
Ithebula 2 Ubukhulu be-Flange be-actuator exhunywe ku-valve ngo-mm
I-flange exhuma idivayisi yokushayela ku-valve izoba i-flange ene-flange enehlombe elitholakalayo, futhi usayizi wayo olinganayo uzohambisana no-d2 kuThebula lesi-2.
I-actuator ingaxhunywa ku-valve ngama-studs noma ama-bolts. Uma kusetshenziswa ukuxhumeka kwe-stud, ububanzi bezimbobo ze-stud kufanele bufane nobukhulu D4 kuThebula 2. Uchungechunge ngokuya nge-GB/T 196.
Ubude obuncane bomucu wevalvu yokushayela iyunithi njengoba kucaciswe kuThebula 2 h1.
Ubukhulu bendilinga yangaphandle ye-Flange, ngokuya ngethebula 2 D1 (okungenani).
Izikhonkwane noma izimbobo zamabholithi kufanele zinyakazise i-eksisi yokusabalalisa okulinganayo kwedivayisi yokushayela. Bheka Umfanekiso 2.
I-FIG. 2 Ukuma kwezikhonkwane nezimbobo zamabhawodi