Ukuhlaziywa Kwesihlungi Esiwuketshezi Kohlobo lwe-Y Lwezinhlayiyana Eziqukethe I-Alpha Emitters Emanzini Afile ku-Reactor Annular Chamber of Unit 2 ye-Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant

Siyabonga ngokuvakasha kwakho ku-https://likvchina.goodao.net/, usebenzisa usekelo lwenguqulo yesiphequluli ye-CSS co., LTD. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olungcono kakhulu, sincoma ukuthi usebenzise isiphequluli esisha (noma uvale imodi yokuhambelana ku-Internet Explorer). Okwamanje, ukuze siqinisekise ukwesekwa okuqhubekayo, sizobonisa isayithi ngaphandle kwezitayela ne-JavaScript. Izinhlayiya eziqukethe i-alpha (α) nuclide zitholwe ezinhlangeni emanzini ayindilinga we-reactor no. 2 ye-Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDiNPS). I-Uranium (U), ingxenye eyinhloko yamafutha enuzi, yahlaziywa ngokuskena i-electron microscope (SEM). Amanye ama-α -nuclide (i-plutonium [Pu], i-americium [Am] ne-Curium [Cm]) atholwe yi-α locus, futhi ukwakheka kwezinhlayiya ze-α -nuclide kwahlaziywa yi-SEM energy spectrum analysis (EDX). Izinhlayiya eziningana ze-uranium ezisukela ku-submicron kuya kuma-microns amaningana zitholwe ngokuskena i-electron microscopy. Lezi zinhlayiya ziqukethe i-zirconium (Zr) nezinye izakhi ezakha i-fuel cladding kanye nezinto zokwakha. Isilinganiso se-isotopu esingu-235U/238U engxenyeni eqinile (kuhlanganise nezinhlayiya ze-U) sihambisana nophethiloli wenuzi otholakala ku-reactor no. 2. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi i-uranium yokwakheka kukaphethiloli efanayo iba ngcono. Izinhlayiya eziqukethe ama-nuclide ezikhonjwe ngokuhlaziywa kwe-alpha trajectory zihluka ngosayizi ukusuka kumashumi kuya kumakhulu ama-microns. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-EDX spectroscopic kubonisa ukuthi lezi zinhlayiya ikakhulukazi ziqukethe insimbi. I-Pu, i-Am ne-Cm ikhangiswe ezinhlayiyeni ze-Fe ngenxa yenani elincane le-α -nuclide. Lolu cwaningo lucacisa umehluko ezinhlotsheni eziphambili ze-U kanye namanye ama-alpha nuclide kumadiphozithi e-hydroponic egunjini lonyaka le-FDiNPS 2 reactor. Isikhungo samandla enuzi sase-Tepco i-Fukushima Daiichi (FDiNPS) sonakaliswe kakhulu ukuzamazama komhlaba kwangoMashi 11, 2011 kanye ne-tsunami eyalandela. Ngaleso sikhathi, amayunithi 1-3 we-reactor ayisithupha ayesebenza, futhi uphethiloli wenuzi kumayunithi 1-3 wonakalisiwe. Amanzi olwandle namanzi ahlanzekile ajovwa ukuze asuse ukushisa okubola kuphethiloli lenuzi. Amanzi ahlala endaweni engaphansi kwesakhiwo, lapho izingxenye zamafutha enuzi zincibilika, zidale ichibi lamanzi elikhipha imisebe eminingi. Amanzi afile aqukethe ama-radionuclide njengemikhiqizo ye-fission kanye nama-nuclear fuel actinide. Sungula inqubo yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali ukuze ususe ama-radionuclide, usungule uhlelo lobunjiniyela bokujikeleza, futhi ubuyisele amanzi okupholisa ukuze aphinde asetshenziswe. Kusukela lapho, inani lamanzi amile liye lehla kancane kancane, kodwa izinhlayiya ezinhle eziqukethe ukugxila okuphezulu kwama-alpha (α) ama-radionuclides atholwe ngaphansi komhlaba ezakhiweni ze-reactor. Ukugxila kwama-alpha nuclides (102-105 Bq/L) emanzini amile, okuhlanganisa nentlenga, kuphakeme kunasemanzini apholisayo ezakhiweni ezansi nomfula. Ama-radiated radionuclides, njenge-uranium (U) kanye ne-plutonium (Pu), angabangela ukuchayeka okukhulu kwangaphakathi lapho engena emzimbeni. I-α -nuclide iyinuclide eyinhloko yemikhiqizo ye-fission futhi kufanele ilawulwe ngokuqinile uma iqhathaniswa ne-cesium (Cs) -137 kanye ne-strontium (Sr) -90. Amasu okukhipha ngempumelelo ama-alpha nuclide emanzini amile kufanele athuthukiswe. Kuze kube manje, amanzi amile aqoqwa egumbini elihlala njalo ngonyaka elingaphansi kwesakhiwo se-reactor seYunithi 2, futhi inzika emanzini amile yahlaziywa ngokuhlaziywa kwe-radiochemical. Amasampula aqukethe izingxenye zodaka oluxubile asuka emanzini amile ebhilidi le-reactor aqinisekisa ukuba khona kwama-alpha radionuclides. Ukuze uqhubeke nokwelapha amanzi amile ekujuleni kwezakhiwo ze-reactor ngokuzayo, kudingeka ukuqonda okungcono kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-alpha emitters, ikakhulukazi lezo eziqukethe izinto eziqinile emanzini amile. Kulolu cwaningo, izinhlayiya ze-radioactive ezihlotshaniswa nezinhlayiya ze-Cs (CsMPs) zitholwe ngaphandle kwesayithi le-FDiNPS, futhi ukwakheka kwazo ngokomzimba namakhemikhali kanye ne-morphology kwahlaziywa 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Abe et al. eqoqwe ama-CsMP akhishwe yi-FDiNPS emkhathini futhi yawahlaziya kusetshenziswa ama-X-ray ahambisanayo ukuze kutholwe u-U kuma-CsMP. Ochiai et al. ithole amakhulukhulu ama-nanometer ezinhlayiya ze-U ku-CsMP ngokuhlaziywa kwe-SEM-EDX. Iphethini ye-diffraction ye-UO2 kumagnetite yabonwa ngesibonakhulu se-electron yokudlulisela, futhi imiphumela ibonise ukwakheka kwe-UO2. Ngokufanayo, amaphethini we-diffraction we-UO2 ne-zirconia atholakala ngezinhlayiya ezixubile ze-Zr ne-U ku-CSMP. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi i-U ikhona ku-CsMP ngendlela ye-UO2 kanye ne-U-Zr nanocrystals. Kurihara et al. 8 ihlaziye izilinganiso ze-isotope ezingu-235U kanye no-238U ku-CsMP nge-nanoscale sub-ion mass spectrometry futhi yathola ukuthi kwakukhona u-U ekwakhekeni kukaphethiloli kwe-reactor no. 2 ku-CsMP. Ukuhlaziya umhlabathi 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, izinhlayiya ezisemoyeni kanye nama-CsMPs7 nakho kubike ukukhululwa kwe-polyurethanes etholakala kuphethiloli endaweni ezungezile. UBuddha