Kuyamba kwa ma actuators amagetsi a mavavu apamagetsi (II)

Kuyambitsa makina oyendetsa magetsi a mavavu apamagetsi (II) Chipangizo chomwe chimatha kuwongolera kutuluka kwa madzi mupaipi posintha gawo la payipi chimatchedwa valavu kapena gawo la valavu. Udindo waukulu wa valavu mu payipi ndi: cholumikizira kapena truncated sing'anga; Pewani media backflow; Sinthani kuthamanga, kuyenda ndi magawo ena apakati; Kulekanitsa, kusakaniza, kapena kugawa zofalitsa; Kupewa kuthamanga kwapakatikati kumaposa mtengo wotchulidwa, kuti musunge msewu kapena chidebe, chitetezo cha zida. Chida chomwe chimatha kuwongolera kutuluka kwa madzi mupaipi posintha gawo la payipi chimatchedwa valavu kapena gawo la valve. Udindo waukulu wa valavu mu payipi ndi: cholumikizira kapena truncated sing'anga; Pewani media backflow; Sinthani kuthamanga, kuyenda ndi magawo ena apakati; Kulekanitsa, kusakaniza, kapena kugawa zofalitsa; Kupewa kuthamanga kwapakatikati kumaposa mtengo wotchulidwa, kuti musunge msewu kapena chidebe, chitetezo cha zida. Ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi luso lamakono, valavu mu makampani, zomangamanga, ulimi, chitetezo dziko, kafukufuku wa sayansi ndi moyo wa anthu ndi mbali zina za ntchito kwambiri wamba, wakhala chofunika kwambiri ambiri makina mankhwala m'madera osiyanasiyana a ntchito za anthu. Ma valve amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu engineering ya mapaipi. Pali mitundu yambiri ya mavavu pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Makamaka m'zaka zaposachedwapa, zida zatsopano, zipangizo zatsopano ndi ntchito zatsopano za ma valve zapangidwa. Kuti agwirizanitse miyezo yopangira, komanso kusankha kolondola ndi kuzindikiritsa valavu, kuti athe kuwongolera kupanga, kukhazikitsa ndi kusinthira, ma valavu amayimira, generalization, serialization direction development. Gulu la mavavu: Vavu Industrial anabadwa pambuyo anatulukira injini nthunzi, m'zaka makumi awiri kapena makumi atatu zapitazi, chifukwa mafuta, mankhwala, magetsi, golide, zombo, mphamvu nyukiliya, Azamlengalenga ndi mbali zina zofunika. zofunika zapamwamba pa valavu, kuti anthu kufufuza ndi kupanga magawo mkulu wa valavu, kutentha ntchito yake kuchokera kutentha woyamba -269 ℃ mpaka 1200 ℃, ngakhale mkulu monga 3430 ℃; Kuthamanga kogwira ntchito kuchokera ku ultra-vacuum 1.33 × 10-8Pa (1 × 1010mmHg) kupita ku ultra-high pressure 1460MPa; Kukula kwa vavu kumayambira 1mm mpaka 6000mm mpaka 9750mm. Zida zamavavu kuchokera ku chitsulo choponyedwa, chitsulo cha carbon, chitukuko mpaka titaniyamu ndi titaniyamu aloyi zitsulo, ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chitsulo chotsika kutentha ndi valavu yachitsulo chosagwira kutentha. Njira yoyendetsera valavu kuchokera ku chitukuko champhamvu kupita ku magetsi, pneumatic, hydraulic, mpaka pulogalamu yolamulira, mpweya, kutali, etc. Malingana ndi ntchito ya valve yotseguka ndi yotseka, njira zamagulu a valve ndi zambiri, apa kuti adziwe zambiri zotsatirazi. 1. Gulu ndi ntchito ndi ntchito (1) valve yoyimitsa: valve yoyimitsa imadziwikanso kuti valavu yotsekedwa, ntchito yake ndi kulumikiza kapena kudula sing'anga mu payipi. Ma valve odulidwa amaphatikizapo ma valve a zipata, ma valve a globe, ma valve a pulagi, ma valve a mpira, ma valve a butterfly ndi ma diaphragm. (2) valavu cheke: valavu cheke, amatchedwanso valavu cheke kapena valavu cheke, udindo wake ndi kuteteza sing'anga mu payipi kutuluka mmbuyo. Kukoka kwa pampu yamadzi kuchokera pansi pa valve kumakhalanso kwa valve yowunika. (3) valavu yotetezera: ntchito ya valve yotetezera ndikuletsa kuthamanga kwapakatikati mu payipi kapena chipangizo kuti chisapitirire mtengo wotchulidwa, kuti akwaniritse cholinga cha chitetezo. (4) valavu yowongolera: valavu yoyang'anira valavu kuphatikiza valavu yowongolera, valavu yopumira ndi valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga, ntchito yake ndikusintha kupanikizika kwapakati, kuyenda ndi zina zitatu. (5) valavu ya shunt: gulu la valve la shunt limaphatikizapo mitundu yonse ya ma valve ogawa ndi misampha, ndi zina zotero, udindo wake ndikugawa, kusiyanitsa kapena kusakaniza sing'anga mu payipi. 2. Kuyika ndi kukakamiza mwadzina (1) Vacuum valve: imatanthawuza valavu yomwe mphamvu yake yogwira ntchito imakhala yotsika kusiyana ndi kuthamanga kwa mlengalenga. (2) valavu yotsika: imatanthawuza kuthamanga kwadzina PN≤ 1.6mpa valve. (3) valavu yapakati: imatanthawuza kuthamanga kwadzina PN ndi 2.5, 4.0, 6.4Mpa valve. (4) Valavu yothamanga kwambiri: imatanthawuza valavu yomwe kuthamanga kwake PN ndi 10 ~ 80Mpa. (5) Valavu yothamanga kwambiri: imatanthawuza valavu yokhala ndi kuthamanga kwadzina PN≥100Mpa. 3. Gulu ndi kutentha kwa ntchito (1) ** valavu ya kutentha: yogwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwapakati pa T-100 ℃ valve. (2) otsika kutentha valavu: ntchito sing'anga kutentha ntchito -100 ℃≤ T ≤-40 ℃ vavu. (3) valavu yachibadwa kutentha: ntchito sing'anga kutentha ntchito -40 ℃≤ T ≤120 ℃ vavu. (4) sing'anga kutentha valavu: ntchito sing'anga kutentha 120 ℃ (5) mkulu kutentha valavu: ntchito sing'anga kutentha valavu T450 ℃. 4. Gulu mwa kuyendetsa galimoto (1) Valavu yodziyimira imatanthawuza valavu yomwe sikusowa mphamvu yakunja kuti iyendetse, koma imadalira mphamvu ya sing'anga yokha kuti ipange valve. Monga valavu yachitetezo, valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga, msampha, valavu yoyang'ana, valavu yowongolera zokha ndi zina zotero. (2) Valavu yoyendetsa mphamvu: valavu yoyendetsa mphamvu imatha kugwiritsa ntchito magwero osiyanasiyana amagetsi kuyendetsa. Vavu yamagetsi: Vavu yoyendetsedwa ndi magetsi. Vavu ya pneumatic: valavu yoyendetsedwa ndi mpweya woponderezedwa. Vavu ya Hydraulic: Vavu yoyendetsedwa ndi kuthamanga kwamadzi monga mafuta. Kuonjezera apo, pali njira zingapo zoyendetsera galimoto zomwe zili pamwambazi, monga ma valve amagetsi a gasi. (3) Valavu yamanja: valavu yamanja mothandizidwa ndi gudumu lamanja, chogwirira, lever, sprocket, ndi anthu kuti aziwongolera momwe ma valve amagwirira ntchito. Pamene mawotchi otsegula ndi kutseka ali aakulu, gudumu kapena chochepetsera nyongolotsi chikhoza kukhazikitsidwa pakati pa gudumu lamanja ndi tsinde la valve. Ngati ndi kotheka, ma universal joints ndi drive shafts zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito patali. Mwachidule, njira zamagulu a valve ndi zambiri, koma makamaka molingana ndi ntchito yake mumagulu a mapaipi. Ma valve General mu engineering ya mafakitale ndi zomangamanga amatha kugawidwa m'magulu a 11, omwe ndi valavu yachipata, valavu yapadziko lonse, valavu ya pulagi, valavu ya mpira, valavu ya butterfly, diaphragm valve, valve check, throttle valve, valve chitetezo, valve kuchepetsa kuthamanga ndi msampha. Ma valve ena apadera, monga ma valve a zida, ma hydraulic control pipeline valves, ma valve omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina osiyanasiyana a mankhwala ndi zipangizo, sanaphatikizidwe m'buku lino (2) Pamene choyatsira magetsi chikakonzedwa ndi malo owonetsera malo, cholozera cha kuwonetsa kachipangizo kayenera kukhala kogwirizana ndi njira yozungulira yosinthira shaft yotulutsa, ndipo palibe kuyimitsa kapena hysteresis ikugwira ntchito. Mulingo wozungulira uyenera kukhala 80 ° ~ 280 ° pomwe choyatsira magetsi chakonzedwa ndi chopatsira malo. Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi iyenera kukhala DC 12V~-30V, ndipo chizindikiro cha malo otulutsa chiyenera kukhala (4 ~ 20) mADC, ndipo cholakwika cha kusamuka kwenikweni kwa kutulutsa komaliza kwa magetsi oyendetsa magetsi sikuyenera kupitirira 1% za mtengo wamtundu wa chizindikiro cha malo otulutsa Kulumikiza: Chiyambi cha ma actuators amagetsi a ma valve apamagetsi (I) 5.10. Pamene choyatsira magetsi chili ndi malo owonetsera malo, cholozera cha makina owonetsera chiyenera kukhala chogwirizana ndi kayendetsedwe ka kusintha kwa shaft yotuluka, ndipo palibe kupuma kapena hysteresis ikugwira ntchito. Kuzungulira kozungulira kuyenera kukhala 80 ° ~ 280 ° 5.2.11 pomwe chosinthira chamagetsi chikakonzedwa kuti chikhale cholumikizira magetsi, voteji yamagetsi azikhala 12V~-30V, ndipo chizindikiro cha malo otuluka chizikhala (4 ~ 20) mADC. , ndipo cholakwika cha kusamuka kwenikweni kwa kutulutsa komaliza kwa chowongolera magetsi sichidzakhala chachikulu kuposa 1% yamitundu yomwe ikuwonetsedwa ndi chizindikiro cha malo otulutsa kupitilira 75dB (A) mulingo wamphamvu wamawu 5.2.13. Kukaniza kwa insulation pakati pa magawo onse omwe amanyamula magetsi amagetsi ndi nyumbayo sikuyenera kukhala osachepera 20M ω 5.2.14 The actuator yamagetsi imatha kupirira ma frequency a 50Hz, voliyumu ndi sinusoidal alternating current yomwe ili mu Table 2. , ndipo kuyesa kwa dielectric kumakhala kwa lmin. Pakuyesa, kuwonongeka kwa insulation, kung'ambika pamwamba, kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kutayikira kwapano kapena kutsika kwadzidzidzi kwamagetsi sikudzachitika. Table 2 Magetsi oyesera 5.2.15 Njira yosinthira pamanja kupita kumagetsi idzakhala yosinthika komanso yodalirika, ndipo gudumu la m'manja silidzazungulira panthawi yamagetsi (kupatula kuthamangitsidwa ndi kukangana). 5.2.16 Torque yayikulu yowongolera yamagetsi yamagetsi siyenera kuchepera kuposa torque yovotera. ** Torque yaying'ono yowongolera sikhala yayikulu kuposa ma torque ovoteledwa, ndipo sikhala wamkulu kuposa 50% ya torque yayikulu kwambiri 5.2.17 torque yokhazikitsidwa sikhala yayikulu kuposa torque yayikulu komanso osachepera torque yochepa yowongolera. Ngati wosuta sapempha torque, torque yochepa yowongolera iyenera kukhazikitsidwa. 5.2.18 Makokedwe otsekera a actuator yamagetsi azikhala nthawi 1.1 kuposa torque yayikulu yowongolera. 5.2.19 Gawo lowongolera ma torque la chowongolera magetsi lizikhala lomvera komanso lodalirika, ndikutha kusintha kukula kwa torque yowongolera. Kubwereza kolondola kwa torque yolamulira kudzagwirizana ndi zomwe zili mu Table 3. Table 3 Control torque kubwereza kulondola 5.2.20. Makina owongolera sitiroko amagetsi oyendetsa magetsi azikhala omvera komanso odalirika, ndipo kubwereza kobwerezabwereza kwa shaft yowongolera kumagwirizana ndi zomwe zili mu Table 4, ndipo padzakhala zizindikiro zosinthira "pa" ndi "off" . Table 4 Udindo wobwerezabwereza wopatuka 5.2.21 pamene choyendetsa magetsi nthawi yomweyo chimanyamula katundu wotchulidwa mu Table 5, mbali zonse zonyamula sizidzawonongeka kapena kuwonongeka. 5.2.22, chosinthira chamagetsi chamtundu wosinthira chizitha kupirira kuyesa kwa moyo kosalekeza kosalekeza kwa nthawi 10,000, ndikuwongolera mtundu wamagetsi wamagetsi azitha kupirira mayeso amoyo opitilira ntchito osalephera kwa nthawi 200,000. 5.3 Zofunikira paukadaulo wama ma actuator amagetsi okhala ndi zida zowongolera mphamvu 5.3.1 Ma actuator amagetsi okhala ndi zida zowongolera magetsi azikhala ndi ma activator amagetsi ofananirako komanso ofunikira. 5,3.2 choyatsira magetsi chokhala ndi gawo lowongolera mphamvu chidzakwaniritsa zofunikira mu 5.2. 5.3.3 Cholakwika chachikulu cha choyatsira magetsi sichiyenera kupitirira 1.0% 5.3.4 Cholakwika chobwezera cha choyatsira magetsi sichiyenera kukhala chachikulu kuposa 1.0%