Kuunzwa kwemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi mavharuvhu (II)

Kusuma mavharuvhu emagetsi echiteshi chemagetsi (II) Mudziyo unokwanisa kudzora kuyerera kwemvura mupombi nekushandura chikamu chepombi chinonzi vharafu kana chikamu chevharuvhu. Basa guru revhavha mupombi ndere: yakabatana kana truncated medium; Kudzivirira media backflow; Rongedza kudzvanywa, kuyerera uye mamwe ma parameter epakati; Kuparadzanisa, kusanganisa, kana kugovera midhiya; Dzivirira kudzvanywa kwepakati kunopfuura kukosha kwakatarwa, kuitira kuchengetedza mugwagwa kana mudziyo, kuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo. Mudziyo unokwanisa kudzora kuyerera kwemvura mupombi nekushandura chikamu chepombi chinonzi vharafu kana chikamu chevharuvhu. Basa guru revhavha mupombi ndere: yakabatana kana truncated medium; Kudzivirira media backflow; Rongedza kudzvanywa, kuyerera uye mamwe ma parameter epakati; Kuparadzanisa, kusanganisa, kana kugovera midhiya; Dzivirira kudzvanywa kwepakati kunopfuura kukosha kwakatarwa, kuitira kuchengetedza mugwagwa kana mudziyo, kuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo. Nekuvandudzwa kwesainzi yemazuva ano uye tekinoroji, vharafu muindasitiri, kuvaka, kurima, kudzivirira kwenyika, tsvakiridzo yesainzi uye hupenyu hwevanhu uye zvimwe zvinhu zvekushandisa zvakanyanya kuwanda, zvave zvakakosha zvemichina zvigadzirwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemabasa evanhu. Mavharuvhu anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muinjiniya yepombi. Kune marudzi akawanda emavharuvhu ezvinangwa zvakasiyana. Kunyanya mumakore achangopfuura, zvivako zvitsva, zvinhu zvitsva uye kushandiswa kutsva kwemavharuvhu zvakagadzirwa. Kuti ubatanidze zviyero zvekugadzira, asiwo kune kusarudzwa kwakaringana uye kuzivikanwa kwevhavha, kuitira kufambisa kugadzirwa, kuisirwa uye kutsiva, maratidziro evharuvhu anomira, generalization, serialization direction budiriro. Kukamurwa kwemavharuvhu: Ivhavhavha yeindasitiri yakazvarwa mushure mekugadzirwa kweinjini yemhepo, mumakore makumi maviri kana makumi matatu apfuura, nekuda kwepetroleum, makemikari, chiteshi chemagetsi, goridhe, ngarava, simba renyukireya, aerospace uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinodikanwa. yepamusoro zvinodiwa pamusoro vharafu, kuitira kuti vanhu tsvakurudzo uye kugadzirwa yakakwirira parameters vharafu, kushanda kwayo tembiricha kubva yokutanga tembiricha -269 ℃ kusvika 1200 ℃, kunyange yakakwirira sezvo 3430 ℃; Kushanda kudzvinyirirwa kubva ku-ultra-vacuum 1.33 × 10-8Pa (1 × 1010mmHg) kusvika ku-ultra-high pressure 1460MPa; Saizi yevhavha inotangira pa1mm kusvika 6000mm uye inosvika 9750mm. Mavharuvhu emidziyo kubva kusimbi yakakandwa, kabhoni simbi, kusimudzira kusvika titanium uye titanium alloy simbi, uye yakanyanya kusaora simbi, yakaderera tembiricha simbi uye kupisa inodzivirira simbi vharafu. Nzira yekufambisa yevharuvhu kubva kusimba rekusimudzira kusvika kumagetsi, pneumatic, hydraulic, kusvikira purogiramu inodzora, mhepo, kureba, nezvimwewo. Zvinoenderana nebasa revharuvhu yakavhurika uye yakavharika, nzira dzekuisa mavharuvhu dzakawanda, pano kusuma zvinotevera akati wandei. 1. Kurongeka nekushanda uye kushandiswa (1) vharafu yekumisa: valve yekumisa inozivikanwawo sevhavha yakavharwa, basa rayo nderekubatanidza kana kucheka svikiro mupombi. Mavharuvhu akachekwa anosanganisira mavharuvhu egedhi, mavharuvhu epasi, mavharuvhu epuragi, mavharuvhu ebhora, mavharuvhu eshavishavi uye mavharuvhu ediaphragm. (2) cheki vharafu: cheki vharafu, inozivikanwawo secheki vharafu kana cheki vharafu, basa rayo nderekudzivirira yepakati mupombi kuyerera kumashure. Kusveta kwepombi yemvura kubva pavharuvhu yepasi zvakare ndeye cheki vharuvhu. (3) vhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavha? (4) dhizaini yekudzora: kirasi yevhavha yekudzora inosanganisira yekudzora vharafu, throttle vharafu uye kumanikidza kuderedza valve, basa rayo nderekugadzirisa kudzvanywa kwepakati, kuyerera uye mamwe matatu. (5) shunt valve: chikamu cheshunt valve chinosanganisira marudzi ese ekugovera mavharuvhu uye misungo, nezvimwewo, basa rayo nderekugovera, kuparadzanisa kana kusanganisa svikiro mupombi. 2. Kupatsanurwa nemazita ekumanikidza (1) Vacuum valve: inoreva vharafu ine kushanda kwayo kwakadzikira pane yakajairwa atmospheric pressure. (2) low pressure valve: inoreva kudzvinyirirwa kwezita PN≤ 1.6mpa valve. (3) yepakati pressure valve: inoreva kudzvanywa kwezita PN ndeye 2.5, 4.0, 6.4Mpa vharafu. (4) High pressure valve: inoreva vheji iyo ine simba rePN iri 10 ~ 80Mpa. (5) Ultra-high pressure valve: inoreva vharafu ine zita rekumanikidza PN≥100Mpa. 3. Kurongeka nekushanda tembiricha (1)** tembiricha vharafu: inoshandiswa kwepakati kushanda tembiricha T-100 ℃ vharafu. (2) yakaderera tembiricha vharafu: rinoshandiswa zvepakati kushanda tembiricha -100℃≤ T ≤-40℃ vharafu. (3) yakajairika tembiricha vharafu: rinoshandiswa zvepakati kushanda tembiricha -40℃≤ T ≤120℃ vharafu. (4) yepakati tembiricha vharafu: rinoshandiswa zvepakati kushanda tembiricha ye120 ℃ (5) yakakwirira tembiricha vharafu: rinoshandiswa zvepakati kushanda tembiricha T450 ℃ vharafu. 4. Kupatsanura nenzira yekutyaira (1) Ivhavha yega yega inoreva vharuvhu isingade simba rekunze kuti ityaire, asi inotsamira pasimba repakati pachayo kuita kuti vharuvhu iite. Zvakadai sevhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavha,musungo,cheki vharafu,otomatiki control valve zvichingodaro. (2) Simba revhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhainogona kushandisaasiyana-siyana simba sosi kutyaira. Varuvhu yemagetsi: Vhuru inofambiswa nemagetsi. Pneumatic valve: valve inotungamirirwa nemhepo yakamanikidzwa. Hydraulic valve: Valve inofambiswa nekumanikidzwa kwemvura yakaita seoiri. Mukuwedzera, kune misanganiswa yakawanda yenzira dzekufambisa dziri pamusoro, dzakadai segesi-magetsi mavharuvhu. (3) Manual valve: manual valve nerubatsiro rwevhiri remaoko, mubato, lever, sprocket, nemanpower kudzora chiito chevhavha. Kana iyo vharafu yekuvhura nekuvhara torque yakakura, vhiri kana worm giya rekudzikisira rinogona kusetwa pakati pevhiri reruoko nevharuvhu. Kana zvichidikanwa, majoini epasirese uye dhiraivha shafts inogona zvakare kushandiswa kushanda kure. Muchidimbu, nzira dzekuisa mavharuvhu dzakawanda, asi kunyanya zvichienderana nebasa rayo muchikamu chepombi. General mavharuvhu mumaindasitiri uye civil engineering anogona kukamurwa muzvikamu gumi nerimwe, zvinoti gedhi vharafu, vharafu yepasi, plug vharafu, bhora vharafu, butterfly vharafu, diaphragm vharafu, cheki vharafu, throttle vharafu, kuchengetedza vharafu, kumanikidza kuderedza vharafu uye musungo vharafu. Mamwe mavharuvhu akakosha, senge mavharuvhu emidziyo, hydraulic control pipeline system mavharuvhu, mavharuvhu anoshandiswa mumakina akasiyana siyana emakemikari nemidziyo, haana kuisirwa mubhuku rino (2) Kana iyo electric actuator inogadziriswa nenzvimbo yemunda inoratidza magadzirirwo, chinongedzo chemagetsi. kuratidza magadzirirwo anofanirwa kuenderana neinotenderera yekutenderera kwekuchinja kweinobuda shaft, uye hapana kumbomira kana hysteresis mukushanda. Kutenderera kweAngle range kunofanirwa kuita 80°~280° kana electric actuator yagadziriswa nechinzvimbo chekutumira. Iwo magetsi emagetsi emagetsi anofanirwa kunge ari DC 12V~-30V, uye chiratidzo chechinzvimbo chekubuda chinofanira kunge chiri (4 ~ 20) mADC, uye kukanganisa kwekutamiswa chaiko kwekupedzisira kubuda kwemagetsi actuator hakufanire kunge kwakakura kupfuura 1% yehuwandu hwekukosha kweiyo yekubuda chinzvimbo chiratidzo Kubatanidza: Nhanganyaya kune magetsi actuators emagetsi echiteshi mavharuvhu (I) 5.10. Kana iyo electric actuator yakashongedzerwa nenzvimbo yemunda inoratidza magadzirirwo, chinongedzo chechiratidzo chinofanirwa kuenderana neinotenderera nzira yekuchinjisa yekubuda shaft, uye hapana kumbomira kana hysteresis mukushanda. Iyo yekutenderera Angle inofanirwa kunge iri 80 ° ~ 280 ° 5.2.11 kana chinzvimbo chinotapurirana chikagadzirirwa chemagetsi actuator, voltage yemagetsi emagetsi ichave 12V~-30V, uye chiratidzo chekubuda chichava (4 ~ 20) mADC. , uye kukanganisa kweiyo chaiyo yekusimuka kwekupedzisira kuburitsa kwemagetsi actuator haingave yakakura kupfuura 1% yerenji inoratidzwa neinobuda chinzvimbo chiratidzo 5.2.12 Ruzha rwemagetsi actuator pasi pemutoro ruchayerwa neinonzwika level mita kwete. inopfuura 75dB (A) kudzvinyirirwa kwenzwi 5.2.13. Kudzivirira kupikisa pakati pezvikamu zvose zvinotakura zvino zvemagetsi emagetsi uye imba yacho haifaniri kunge iri pasi pe20M ω 5.2.14 Mutambo wemagetsi uchakwanisa kumira nehuwandu hwe50Hz, iyo voltage ndiyo sinusoidal alternating current inotsanangurwa muTebhurari 2. , uye iyo dielectric bvunzo inogara kune lmin. Munguva yekuyedzwa, kuparara kwekudzivirira, kupenya kwepamusoro, kuwedzera kukuru kwekudonha kwazvino kana kudonha kwemagetsi kamwe kamwe hakuzoitika. Tafura 2 Test voltage 5.2.15 Ruoko-ku-magetsi switching mechanism ichave yakasununguka uye yakavimbika, uye handwheel haizotenderera panguva yekushanda kwemagetsi (kunze kwekunge ichityairwa nekukwesha). 5.2.16 Iyo yakakura torque yekudzora yemagetsi actuator haifanire kuderera pane yakayerwa torque. ** Iyo diki yekudzora torque haizove yakakura kupfuura yakayerwa torque, uye haizove yakakura kupfuura 50% yeyakakura kudzora torque 5.2.17 Iyo torque yakaseti haizove yakakura kudarika yakakura yekudzora torque uye isiri pasi peiyo. shoma control torque. Kana mushandisi akasakumbira torque, iyo shoma yekudzora torque ichaiswa. 5.2.18 Iyo torque inovharira yemagetsi actuator ichave yakakura ka1.1 pane yakakura control torque. 5.2.19 Iyo torque inodzora chikamu chemagetsi actuator ichave inonzwisisika uye yakavimbika, uye inokwanisa kugadzirisa saizi yeinobuda control torque. Iko kudzokorora kurongeka kweiyo torque yekutonga kuchaenderana nezvinodiwa zveTafura 3. Tafura 3 Kudzora torque kudzokorora kurongeka 5.2.20. Iyo sitiroko yekudzora nzira yemagetsi actuator ichave ine hanya uye yakavimbika, uye chinzvimbo chekudzokorora kutsauka kweiyo control inobuda shaft ichaenderana nezvinopihwa muTafura 4, uye pachave nezviratidzo zvekugadzirisa chinzvimbo che "on" uye "off" . Tafura 4 Nzvimbo yekudzokorora kutsauka 5.2.21 apo magetsi emagetsi pakarepo anotakura mutoro unotsanangurwa muTebhenekeri 5, zvikamu zvose zvinotakura hazvizokanganisi kana kukuvadzwa. 5.2.22, switching type electric actuator ichakwanisa kushingirira bvunzo yehupenyu yekuenderera mberi kwekushanda pasina kukundikana kwegumi nguva, uye kudzora mhando yemagetsi actuator ichakwanisa kumira nehupenyu bvunzo yekuenderera mberi kwekushanda pasina kukundikana kwe200,000 nguva. 5.3 Zvido zvehunyanzvi zvemagetsi emagetsi ane zvikamu zvekudzora magetsi 5.3.1 Magetsi emagetsi ane zvikamu zvekudzora magetsi achasanganisira proportional uye akabatanidzwa emagetsi emagetsi. 5,3.2 iyo yemagetsi actuator ine simba rekudzora chikamu inosangana nezvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi mu5.2. 5.3.3 Kukanganisa kukuru kwechibatiso chemagetsi hakufaniri kudarika 1.0% 5.3.4 Iko kukanganisa kwekudzoka kwemugadziri wemagetsi hakufaniri kudarika 1.0%.