Isesengura ryibibazo bya tekiniki byugarije kwishyiriraho valve no gusimbuza paki mumashanyarazi

Isesengura ryibibazo bya tekiniki byugarije kwishyiriraho valve no gusimbuza gupakira muri sitasiyo yumuriro Umwanya wo gushiraho valve ugomba kuba woroshye kubikorwa; Nubwo kwishyiriraho bigoye by'agateganyo, birakenewe ko dusuzuma akazi k'igihe kirekire k'umukoresha. Nibyiza gufata valve handwheel nigituza (muri rusange metero 1,2 uvuye kubikorwa), kugirango byoroshye gufungura no gufunga valve. Intoki ya valve hasi igomba kuba hejuru, ntugoreke, kugirango wirinde gukora nabi. Umuyoboro wimashini yurukuta biterwa nibikoresho, ariko kandi kugirango usige umwanya uwukoresha ahagarara. Kwirinda imikorere yikirere, cyane aside na alkali, itangazamakuru ryuburozi, naho ubundi umutekano muke. Irembo ry'irembo ntirigomba guhindurwa (ni ukuvuga uruziga rw'intoki hasi), bitabaye ibyo igikoresho kizagumishwa mu mwanya wo gupfundikanya igihe kinini ... Gushiraho Valve Iyo valve imaze gutoranywa neza, igomba gushyirwaho neza, ikabungabungwa kandi igakorerwa kuri gukora neza. Ubwiza bwo kwishyiriraho valve bugira ingaruka ku mikoreshereze, bityo rero ugomba kwitondera neza. . ntabwo ikora na gato (nkumuvuduko ugabanya valve), cyangwa niyo itera akaga (nka cheque valve). Indangantego rusange, ibimenyetso byerekezo kumubiri wa valve; Mugihe ntahari, bigomba kumenyekana neza ukurikije ihame ryakazi rya valve. Icyumba cya valve cyumubumbe wisi ntigisanzwe, kuburyo amazi agomba kunyuzwa mumyambu ya valve kuva hasi kugeza hejuru, kugirango irwanya amazi iba nto (bigenwa nuburyo), ifungura imirimo ifunguye (kubera umuvuduko ukabije hejuru ), nyuma yo gufunga imiyoboro ntabwo ikanda gupakira, kubungabunga byoroshye. Niyo mpamvu isi ya valve idashobora gushyirwaho. Indi mibande ifite ibiranga. Umwanya wo gushiraho valve ugomba kuba woroshye kubikorwa; Nubwo kwishyiriraho bigoye by'agateganyo, birakenewe ko dusuzuma akazi k'igihe kirekire k'umukoresha. Nibyiza gufata valve handwheel nigituza (muri rusange metero 1,2 uvuye kubikorwa), kugirango byoroshye gufungura no gufunga valve. Intoki ya valve hasi igomba kuba hejuru, ntugoreke, kugirango wirinde gukora nabi. Umuyoboro wimashini yurukuta biterwa nibikoresho, ariko kandi kugirango usige umwanya uwukoresha ahagarara. Kwirinda imikorere yikirere, cyane aside na alkali, itangazamakuru ryuburozi, naho ubundi umutekano muke. Irembo ry'irembo ntirisubira inyuma (ni ukuvuga, uruziga rw'intoki hasi), bitabaye ibyo bizatuma uburyo bugumaho mu mwanya utwikiriye umwanya muremure, byoroshye kwangirika kw'uruti, kandi kubintu bimwe na bimwe bisabwa kirazira. Ntibyoroshye cyane guhindura ipaki icyarimwe. Fungura amarembo yikibaho, ntugashyire munsi yubutaka, bitabaye ibyo igicucu kizangirika uruti rwerekanwe. Kuzamura igenzura, gushiraho kugirango umenye neza ko disiki ihagaze, kugirango uzamure byoroshye. Kugenzura ibipimo bya swing bigomba gushyirwaho hamwe na horizontal pin shaft kugirango byoroshye guhinduka. Umuvuduko wubutabazi wumuvuduko ugomba gushyirwaho muburyo bugororotse kumuyoboro utambitse, kandi ntugomba kugororwa muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose. (2) Ibikorwa byubwubatsi Kwubaka no kubaka bigomba kwitonda, ntukubite ibintu byoroshye bikozwe muri valve. Mbere yo kwishyiriraho, valve igomba kugenzurwa kugirango igenzure ibisobanuro no kumenya niba hari ibyangiritse, cyane cyane kuruti. Hindura kandi inshuro nke kugirango urebe niba ihindagurika, kuko mugihe cyo gutwara, ** byoroshye gukubita uruti. Nanone *** imyanda. Iyo valve yazamuye, umugozi ntugomba guhambirwa ku ntoki cyangwa uruti kugirango wirinde kwangirika kwibi bice, ahubwo ugomba guhambirwa kuri flange. Ku muyoboro uhujwe na valve, menya neza koza. Umwuka ucanye urashobora gukoreshwa muguhitisha okiside yicyuma, umucanga, gusudira hamwe nindi myanda. Iyi sundries, ntabwo byoroshye gushushanya hejuru yikimenyetso cya valve, harimo nuduce twinshi twa sundries (nka selding slag), ariko kandi ugacomeka na valve ntoya, kugirango binanirwe. Shyiramo valve ya screw, igomba kuba igipfunyika kashe (urudodo n'amavuta yo kuyobora cyangwa umukandara wibikoresho bya ptfe), ipaki mumurongo wumuyoboro, ntugere kuri valve, kugirango utagera kubicuruzwa byibukwa na valve, bigira ingaruka kumurongo wibitangazamakuru. Mugihe ushyiraho flanges flanges, komeza bolts muburyo bumwe kandi buringaniye. Ibikoresho bya Valve na flanges bigomba kuba bibangikanye, kandi gusiba birumvikana kugirango wirinde umuvuduko ukabije cyangwa no guturika kwa valve. Kubikoresho byoroheje n'imbaraga nke za valve, cyane cyane kwitondera. Umuyoboro ugomba gusudwa n'umuyoboro ugomba kubanza gusudwa neza, hanyuma ugafungura byuzuye ibice byo gufunga, hanyuma ugasudira kugeza gupfa. . Ubushyuhe bwo gushakisha ibyuka rimwe na rimwe byongewe kumurongo. Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa valve bugomba gukingirwa cyangwa gukonja, ukurikije ibisabwa mu musaruro. Ihame, aho valve igabanya ubushyuhe cyane, bizagira ingaruka kumusaruro cyangwa valve ikonje, ugomba gukomeza ubushyuhe, cyangwa nubushyuhe; Iyo valve yerekanwe, ibangamira umusaruro cyangwa igatera ubukonje nibindi bintu bibi, ugomba kurinda ubukonje. Ibikoresho byo kubika ni asibesitosi, ubwoya bwa slag, ubwoya bw'ikirahure, perlite, diatomite, vermiculite n'ibindi; Gumana ibikoresho bikonje bifite cork, perlite, ifuro, plastike gutegereza. Amazi n’amazi adakoreshwa igihe kinini agomba kurekurwa. . Bypass yashyizweho kugirango yorohereze kubungabunga umutego. Izindi valve nazo zashyizweho na bypass. Kwishyiriraho ibice biterwa na valve imiterere, akamaro nibisabwa. . Abakora ibicuruzwa bya Valve ntibashobora gutekereza kumikoreshereze yibihumbi yibitangazamakuru bitandukanye, agasanduku kuzuza buri gihe kuzura ibintu bisanzwe, ariko mugihe ukoresheje, bigomba kureka uwuzuza nuburyo bwo guhuza. Mugihe usimbuye uwuzuza, kanda muruziga. Buri mpeta ihuriweho ikwiranye na dogere 45, impeta nimpeta ihuriweho na dogere 180. Uburebure bwo gupakira bugomba gutekereza icyumba cyo gukomeza kwikuramo gland. Kugeza ubu, igice cyo hepfo ya glande kigomba gukanda ku bujyakuzimu bukwiye bw'icyumba cyo gupakira, gishobora kuba 10-20% by'ubujyakuzimu bw'icyumba cyo gupakira. Kubisaba indangagaciro, Inguni ni dogere 30. Ihuriro riri hagati yimpeta ihindagurika kuri dogere 120. Usibye gupakira hejuru, ariko kandi ukurikije uko ibintu byifashe, reberi O impeta (reberi isanzwe irwanya dogere selisiyusi 60 ya alkali nkeya, ariko butanol reberi irwanya dogere selisiyusi 80, amavuta ya Fluorine irwanya ibitangazamakuru bitandukanye byangirika hepfo. Dogere selisiyusi 150) impeta eshatu zegeranye za polytetrafluoroethylene (irwanya itangazamakuru rikomeye ryangirika munsi ya dogere selisiyusi 200) impeta ya nylon (irwanya amoniya, alkali iri munsi ya dogere selisiyusi 120) nibindi byuzuza. Ikariso mbisi ya polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ipfunyitse hanze ya coil isanzwe ya asibesitosi, ishobora kunoza uburyo bwo gufunga no kugabanya kwangirika kwamashanyarazi. Iyo ukanze ipaki, hinduranya icyarimwe icyarimwe kugirango ugumane hafi kandi wirinde urupfu rwinshi. Kenyera glande neza kandi ntugoreke. Hano hari indangagaciro nyinshi zo gupima ubuziranenge bwa valve: gufunga kwizerwa, ubushobozi bwo gusubiza ibikorwa, imbaraga, gukomera nubuzima, nibindi. Umuyoboro ufatwa nkigice cyibanze muri sisitemu yububiko bwose bushyuha, kandi hariho ibinyabuzima byamazi bifatanyiriza hamwe no kugenzura kunyeganyega; ibisabwa. Kugirango ibyo bipimo bishoboke, ibibazo byingenzi bikurikira bigomba gukemurwa mbere. 1 Igenzura (menya kwizerwa ryibikorwa bya valve) Kunanirwa kwa sisitemu yo kugenzura imiyoboro nyamukuru ya parike hamwe no kongera gushyushya ibyuka ni imwe mu mpanuka eshanu zikomeye za turbine ya turbine, igaragara cyane cyane mu gufungura valve ntabwo ihuye nigishushanyo, harimo kunanirwa uburyo bwo kohereza, gutera imbere kwa stroke no gutinda, bigira ingaruka kumbaraga no kunyeganyega kwa valve. Gufungura Valve igenzura bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya moteri ya moteri, bityo irahabwa agaciro cyane kandi yabaye kimwe mubibazo byingenzi mubushakashatsi. Mumyaka yashize, mubushakashatsi bwokwizerwa kwa valve, valve yubwenge nicyerekezo nyamukuru cyubushakashatsi, valve yubwenge ifite umurimo wo kwisuzuma ryimikorere yimikorere, hamwe nigihe cyo kwiyobora. Ikintu cyingenzi cyibikoresho byubwenge ni imyanya ya digitale. Umwanya wa Digital ukoresha microprocessor kugirango uhagarike ibikorwa bya valve neza, ukurikirane kandi wandike amakuru ajyanye na valve. 2 Imbaraga (zigomba kuba zujuje ibyangombwa byubuzima no gukomera) Gutangira kenshi kwingingo ku mbaraga za valve hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi ya valve iragaragara cyane cyane hamwe na valve igenzura ya turbine ya parike, intego yibanze mubushakashatsi bwabanje ku kibazo cyo kugenzura valve, ubu birasa nkaho imbaraga zikibazo zidashobora kwirengagizwa. Carolann Giovando, umwanditsi wungirije w'ikinyamakuru Power Engineering, yanditse ko abashakashatsi batagomba kwibanda gusa ku bibazo byo kugenzura, ahubwo bakibanda ku mbaraga, ubuzima ndetse no gufunga kashe, ari ngombwa mu mikorere ya valve. . Kuberako ibyingenzi rusange byamazi byateguwe ukurikije umutwaro wibanze, gahunda yo gushushanya gusa ukurikije umuvuduko uhagaze, ubushyuhe, gusuzuma ibipimo byimbaraga zayo, ntakibazo cyumunaniro muke cyubuzima. Noneho imiterere yakazi irahinduka, igishushanyo cyumwimerere ntigishobora kuba cyujuje ibisabwa. Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe ko dusuzuma ubuzima buke bwumunaniro wubuzima muburyo bwo gushushanya, kugirango imiterere yimiterere ihuze nuburyo bwo gukora, kugirango tugere ku ntego yo kwagura ubuzima. . Habayeho gucamo intebe z'amashanyarazi gucamo ibice, guhagarika ibice byahise byinjira muri turbine, bituma igabanuka rikabije ry'umusaruro wa turbine, rotor yangiza cyane amakosa. Byongeye kandi, kubintu byumuvuduko mwinshi, kimwe na cavitation phenomenon, inenge yumwimerere yo guta umubiri wa valve, umubiri wa valve nyuma yo gusesengura ubuzima no guhanura birakwiye ko twongera kwiga. 3 kunyeganyega Valve ifungura impinduka, imikorere idahwitse yimikorere ya actuator na valve yamenetse nimpamvu yo kunyeganyega, kwangirika kwangirika kuri valve ubwayo ni nto cyane, ariko ingaruka kubice byose ni nini, muri oscillation nkeya. Ihungabana rito rya buke rigabanyijemo amoko abiri: imwe ni ihindagurika rya firime ya peteroli, ikorwa na firime yamavuta ishyigikira ubwikorezi bwihuse bwikigo cyangwa nta mizigo ikora; Ibindi ni ihindagurika ryamazi, rikaba rigoye kuruta amavuta ya firime. Iranyeganyega munsi yibikorwa byingufu zibyuka kandi akenshi bibaho nyuma yikintu kiremerewe. Gufungura impinduka no kumeneka nimpamvu zingenzi zitera guhindagurika. Amakuru yerekana ko Amerika n'Ubudage byagize impanuka zo guhindagurika, Ubushinwa nabwo bwabaye impanuka ya MW 50 na MW 200 za turbine, kubera kubura amakuru y’igihe nyacyo, bityo impamvu yo gutsindwa ntishobora kumenyekana, ariko ikekwa kuba bifitanye isano na bibiri-byo guhindagurika. Rero, kurandura no kugabanya ihindagurika ryamazi ningirakamaro cyane, biterwa nubushakashatsi butunganijwe bwimpinduka zifungura valve hamwe nimbaraga zo kwishima ziva kumeneka. Amahirwe yo guhungabana kwamazi arashobora kugabanuka mugushushanya neza gufungura valve no gufunga inkoni. 4 Kumeneka (kumeneka imbere no gusohoka hanze) (1) Kumeneka ntabwo bitera guhinda umushyitsi gusa, ahubwo binatera umwanda no gutakaza ingufu. Kugirango ukemure ikibazo cyo kumeneka, kurwego runaka, sisitemu irashobora kwirinda kunyeganyega, ariko kandi ikongerera ubuzima bwibikoresho, kunoza imikorere. . Birakenewe kwiga uburyo bushya bwo gufunga cyangwa gushushanya uburyo bushya bwo gufunga kugirango wongere ubuzima kandi tunoze imikorere yizewe yubwoko bwumuvuduko mwinshi. - Kugeza ubu, urwego rwuzuye rwuzuye rwa valve rukomeje gutera imbere, gusa kugirango rukemure ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru neza, kugirango harebwe imikorere yuzuye ya valve nubuziranenge muri rusange.