Pompe yimiti, guhitamo neza ni pompe, guhitamo nabi ni impanuka yimiti ya pompe yimashini nibikoresho bya antifreeze ingamba

Imiti ya chimique, guhitamo neza ni pompe, guhitamo nabi ni impanuka ya pompe yimiti ya pompe nibikoresho bya antifreeze ibikoresho bya peteroli Inganda za peteroli ninganda zifite umwanya wingenzi mubukungu bwigihugu, kandi pompe yimiti nkibikoresho byingenzi bifasha bifite byitabweho cyane kandi byinshi. Kubera ibintu bigoye biranga imiti, hamwe nibisabwa byiyongera mukurengera ibidukikije, twahitamo dute ubwoko bwa pompe yimiti? Ibigomba kwitabwaho nibindi nibyingenzi. Xiaobian kuganira nawe kubyerekeye guhitamo imiti ya pompe bigomba kwitondera ibintu! Icyitonderwa kimwe: Kurwanya ruswa Ruswa yamye nimwe mubibangamira ibikoresho byimiti. Niba utitonze, ibikoresho bizangirika, kandi biremereye bizatera impanuka cyangwa ibiza. Dukurikije imibare ifatika, hafi 60% y’ibyangiritse by’ibikoresho by’imiti biterwa no kwangirika, bityo rero tugomba kubanza kwitondera imiterere ya siyansi yo gutoranya ibikoresho mugihe duhitamo pompe yimiti. Mubisanzwe hariho kutumva ko ibyuma bitagira umwanda ari "ibikoresho", uko ibihe byaba biciriritse n'ibidukikije bitwara ibyuma bitagira umwanda, ibi ni bibi cyane. Ibikurikira kubintu bimwe na bimwe bisanzwe bivura imiti kugirango tuvuge ku ngingo zingenzi zo gutoranya ibintu: 1, aside sulfurike, Nka kimwe mu bitangazamakuru byangirika, aside sulfurike ni ibintu byinshi kandi byingenzi mu nganda. Ubushuhe butandukanye hamwe nubushyuhe bwa acide sulfurike ku itandukaniro rya ruswa yibintu ni binini, kubera ko hejuru ya 80%, ubushyuhe buri munsi ya 80 acid yibanze kuri acide sulfurike, ibyuma bya karubone hamwe nicyuma bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa, ariko ntibikwiye umuvuduko mwinshi wa acide sulfurike, ntabwo ikwiranye nibikoresho bya pompe; Ibyuma bisanzwe bidafite ingese nka 304 (0Cr18Ni9), 316 (0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti) nabyo bifite imikoreshereze mike ya acide sulfurike. Kubwibyo, pompe ya pompe yo gutanga aside sulfurike mubusanzwe ikozwe mubyuma bya silikoni yo hejuru (guta no gutunganya ingorane), ibyuma bitarimo ibyuma byinshi (No 20 alloy), ariko bigoye kuyitunganya kandi bihenze, ntabwo rero itoneshwa na abantu. Fluorine plastike ivanze ifite aside irike nziza ya sulfurike, ni Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubumenyi ry’Ubushinwa Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry ibikoresho by’ipatanti, ubushakashatsi bw’ubumenyi bw’ubushinwa bwerekanye ko nta miti y’imiti ishobora kubyitwaramo, bityo ikoreshwa rya fluor rikaba ryashyizwe ku murongo pompe (F46) nuburyo bwo guhitamo ubukungu. 2, aside hydrochloric Ibikoresho byinshi byicyuma ntibishobora kwangirika kwa hydrochloric aside (harimo ibikoresho bitandukanye byuma bidafite umwanda), molybdenum irimo ferrosilicon nayo irashobora gukoreshwa kuri 50 ℃, 30% munsi ya acide hydrochloric. Bitandukanye nibikoresho byibyuma, ibikoresho byinshi bitari ibyuma bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa ya hydrochlorike, bityo pompe ya reberi itondekanye hamwe na pompe ya pulasitike (nka plastiki yubuhanga, plastiki ya fluor, nibindi) nuburyo bwiza bwo gutwara aside hydrochloric. 3, aside nitric Ibyuma rusange byangirika vuba muri acide ya nitric, ibyuma bitagira umwanda bikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byo kurwanya aside nitricike, kwibumbira hamwe kwa aside nitricike mubushyuhe bwicyumba bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa, birakwiye kuvuga ko molybdenum irimo ibyuma bitagira umwanda (nka 316, 316L) Kurwanya ruswa irwanya aside nitric ntabwo iruta ibyuma bisanzwe bitagira umwanda (nka 304, 321), rimwe na rimwe bikaba bibi cyane. Kubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa acide nitric, ibikoresho bya fluor bya plastike bisanzwe bikoreshwa. 4, acide acetike, Nibimwe mubintu byangirika cyane muri acide organic. Ibyuma bisanzwe bizangirika cyane muri acide acike yibitekerezo byose hamwe nubushyuhe. Ibyuma bitagira umwanda nibikoresho byiza birwanya aside irike, kandi molybdenum 316 ibyuma bitagira umwanda birashobora kandi gukoreshwa mubushyuhe bwinshi no kugabanya aside irike. Kubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane acide acetike cyangwa irimo ibindi bintu byangirika hamwe nibindi bisabwa bikaze, birashobora guhitamo ibyuma byinshi bitarimo ibyuma cyangwa pompe ya plastike ya fluor. Nka pompe ya CQB, pompe ya CQ idafite ibyuma. 5. Base (sodium hydroxide) Mubisanzwe ruswa ntishobora gukomera cyane, ariko igisubizo rusange cya alkali kizatanga kristu, bityo urashobora guhitamo pompe yo mu bwoko bwa FSB fluoroalloy alkali hamwe na kashe ya mashini ya silika grafite 169. 6. Amoniya (hydroxide ya amoniya) Kwangirika kwibyuma byinshi nibitari ibyuma muri ammonia yamazi na ammonia (hydroxide ammonia) biroroshye cyane. Gusa imiringa y'umuringa n'umuringa ntigomba gukoreshwa. Muri iki gihe, pompe ya CQF yububiko bwa pulasitiki, pompe ya FSB fluorine alloy centrifugal nibyiza. 7. Amazi yumunyu (amazi yinyanja) Ibyuma bisanzwe mubisubizo bya sodium chloride hamwe namazi yo mu nyanja, igipimo cyamazi yumunyu ntikiri hejuru cyane, mubisanzwe ugomba gukoresha kurinda amarangi; Ubwoko bwose bwibyuma bidafite ingese nabwo bufite igipimo gito cyo kwangirika, ariko birashobora gutera kwangirika kwaho bitewe na ion ya chloride, mubisanzwe ibyuma 316 bitagira umwanda nibyiza. 8. ether, ibyingenzi byabo bidakomeye byangirika, kubwibyo byose birashobora guhitamo ibyuma bisanzwe bidafite ingese, guhitamo beto bigomba nanone gukurikiza ibisabwa mumitungo ya dielectric hamwe nibijyanye no guhitamo neza. Byongeye kandi, birakwiye ko tumenya ko ketone, ester na ether zishonga kuri reberi zitandukanye, kandi ukirinda amakosa muguhitamo ibikoresho byo gufunga. Birasabwa guhitamo pompe ya magnetiki ya pulasitike ifunze. Hariho ibindi bitangazamakuru byinshi ntibishobora gutangizwa muribi kimwekimwe, muri make, muguhitamo ibikoresho ntibigomba kuba impumyi nimpumyi, bigomba kubaza amakuru yingirakamaro cyangwa kwigira kuburambe bukuze. Icyitonderwa cya kabiri: Ikibazo cya kashe ya pompe Ntameneka ni ugukurikirana iteka ibikoresho byimiti, kandi nicyo gisabwa cyagize uruhare mukwiyongera kwa pompe ya magneti. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, haracyari inzira ndende yo kugera kugirango hatabaho kumeneka, nk'ubuzima bwa serivisi ya magnetiki pompe yo kwigunga, kwangirika kw'ibikoresho, kwizerwa kwa kashe ihagaze n'ibindi. Amwe mumakuru yibanze yerekeye kashe yatangijwe muri make kuburyo bukurikira: 1. Ifishi yo gufunga Kubifunga neza, mubisanzwe hariho uburyo bubiri bwa gasketi nimpeta yo gufunga, kandi impeta yo gufunga ikoreshwa cyane muri O-ring. Kuri kashe ya dinamike, pompe yamashanyarazi ipakira, ikoreshwa gake cyane ihabwa umwanya wambere hamwe na kashe ya mashini, kashe ya mashini hamwe nisura imwe hamwe nisura ebyiri, iringaniza hamwe na moderi idahwanye, moderi ya equilibrium irakwiriye kashe yikigereranyo cyumuvuduko mwinshi (mubisanzwe bivuga umuvuduko urenze 1.0 MPa), imashini yo gufunga impande zombi zikoreshwa mubushyuhe bwinshi, byoroshye korohereza kristu, viscosity, hamwe nubumara bwangiza bw’ubumara burimo uduce duto, Ikidodo cy’imashini ebyiri zigomba gutera amazi yo mu bwigunge mu cyuho gifunga, kandi igitutu muri rusange kiri hejuru yumuvuduko wo hagati 0.07 ~ 0.1MPa. 2. Gufunga ibikoresho bya chimique magnetic pompe static kashe yibikoresho muri rusange ikoresha reberi ya fluor, imanza zidasanzwe zikoresha gusa PTFE; Ibikoresho bifatika bya kashe ya kashe ya dinamike irakomeye cyane, ntabwo ikomeye ivanze kumurongo ukomeye ni byiza, igiciro kiri hejuru kuruhande rumwe, byombi ntibikomeye bikabije ntabwo byumvikana, nibyiza rero kuvangura ukurikije ibiranga yo hagati. Icyitonderwa cya gatatu: ikibazo cya viscosity Ikibazo cyubwiza bwikigereranyo kigira uruhare runini mumikorere ya pompe. Iyo ububobere bwiyongereye, pompe yumutwe wa pompe iragabanuka, kandi umutwe nigitemba mubihe byiza byakazi bigabanuka, mugihe imbaraga zizamuka bikurikije, bityo imikorere ikagabanuka. Mubisanzwe, ibipimo byintangarugero nibikorwa byo gutwara amazi meza, kandi guhinduka bigomba gukorwa mugihe cyo gutwara ibitangazamakuru byijimye (nyamuneka reba imbonerahamwe ijyanye na coefficient zo gukosora ibintu bitandukanye). Kubijyanye no gutwara ibintu byinshi byijimye, paste hamwe namazi meza, birasabwa guhitamo pompe ya minisiteri. Ihame ryo guhitamo pompe Mugushiraho ibikoresho, kugirango umenye imikoreshereze ya pompe nibipimo byimikorere hanyuma uhitemo ubwoko bwa pompe. Ihitamo rigomba kubanza guhera muburyo bwo guhitamo ubwoko nuburyo bwa pompe, none ni irihe hame ryo guhitamo pompe? Hashingiwe ku ki? 1. Kora ubwoko nibikorwa bya pompe yatoranijwe byujuje ibisabwa byogutwara ibikoresho, umutwe, igitutu, ubushyuhe, amafaranga ya cavitation, guswera nibindi bipimo. 2, igomba kuba yujuje ibyangombwa biranga urwego rwo hagati Kugira ngo ikwirakwizwa ry’umuriro, iturika, uburozi cyangwa agaciro ka pompe, kashe ya shaft isabwa kuba yizewe cyangwa nta pompe yamenetse, nka pompe ya rukuruzi (nta kashe ya shaft, the gukoresha ikoreshwa rya magnetic magnetic indirect); Kugirango ihererekanyabubasha rya pompe yangirika, ibice bya convection birasabwa gukoresha ibikoresho birwanya ruswa, nka pompe irwanya ruswa ya fluor; Kugirango ihererekanyabubasha ririmo pompe zirimo ibice bikomeye, ibice bya convection birasabwa gukoresha ibikoresho birwanya kwambara, kandi mugihe bibaye ngombwa, kashe ya shaft yogejwe namazi meza. 3, ibisabwa byubukanishi bwo kwizerwa cyane, urusaku ruto, kunyeganyega gato. 4. Kubara neza igiciro cyinjiza cyo kugura pompe. 5, gutwara ibintu byangiza (nka "acide sulfurike yibanze, acide nitricike yibanze"), gutwara ibintu bishobora gutwikwa kandi biturika, gukoresha ibidukikije ntibigomba kugira umwanda: bishobora guhitamo pompe ya magneti, nka "pompe ya CQB ya pompe, IMD urukurikirane rwa magnetique, niba ukeneye kwikorera-priming, urashobora guhitamo pompe ya fluor ya FZB ya pompe-pompe 6. Pompe ya IHF centrifugal na pompe ya FSB centrifugal ifite ibiranga umuvuduko mwinshi, ingano ntoya, uburemere bworoshye, gukora neza, gutemba kwinshi, imiterere yoroshye, nta pulsation muri infusion, imikorere ihamye, imikorere yoroshye no kuyitaho byoroshye, nko gukoresha ibintu bidafite ibisabwa byihariye, birashobora guhitamo pompe ya centrifugal nibyiza 7, ihererekanyabubasha ryibikoresho bya chimique pompe, ibice bya convection ni asabwa gukoresha ibikoresho birwanya kwambara: pompe ya UHB ya pompe nuburyo bwiza bwo guhitamo ibintu, UHB kwangirika kwangirika kwangirika kwambara pompe ya pompe ya pompe ya pompe ya pompe ya pompe ya UHBWPE, ni uburemere bwa ultra-high molekile yahinduwe (irenga 5 miliyoni) polyethylene. Muri plastiki, ifite kwihanganira kwambara neza. Kugereranya ubushakashatsi byerekana ko kwambara kwayo gusumba cyane kurenza icyuma kitagira umwanda, kandi gifite imiterere yihariye nko kurwanya ingaruka, kurwanya ibinyabuzima no kurwanya ruswa (ugereranije na F4), ndetse no kudafatana. 8. Iyo urwego ruciriritse ruri munsi yumwanya wa pompe: pompe ya FZB fluoroplastique yonyine-priming igomba guhitamo. Niba ukeneye kandi kuzuza ibiranga pompe ya magnetiki, ZMD fluoroplastique yonyine-priming ya pompe ya pompe irashobora gutoranywa 9, ukurikije imikorere ya pompe ikora kugirango uhitemo icyitegererezo cyiza: mugihe ibisabwa byo gukoresha mumeza yibikorwa bidashobora kuboneka icyitegererezo gikwiye gishobora kwerekeza kumikorere ya pompe kugirango uhitemo ubwoko bwa pompe bubereye. Pompe yimiti