Umuyagankuba wamashanyarazi nibyiza bya pneumatike nibyiza nibibi uburyo bwo kugenzura pneumatic valve

Umuyagankuba wamashanyarazi nibyiza bya pneumatike nibyiza nibibi uburyo bwo kugenzura pneumatic valve

Ubushyuhe bwo gukora bugena ubushyuhe bwibidukikije bukoreshwa bwa valve, kandi diameter nominal ya valve igenwa nubushyuhe bwo gukora. Ukurikije agaciro kamwe kabaruwe kububiko kugirango umenye icyiciro cya torsion cyangwa inkoni imwe, hanyuma ukurikije uburyo bwo gukoresha ibikoresho kugirango umenye imiterere yimiterere ya valve, hanyuma ukurikije ubwinshi bwimyuka ya valve izamuka ubaze diameter yumuhogo wa diameter.
Ibikurikira n amategeko rusange yo guhitamo valve.
Amashanyarazi ya Valve akoreshwa cyane mumashanyarazi cyangwa mumashanyarazi ya batiri ya kirimbuzi, erega, muri sisitemu yimbunda yumuvuduko ukabije wa software ikenera inzira yoroshye, ihamye kandi itinda. Inyungu zingenzi zumuriro wamashanyarazi nigihagararo gihanitse hamwe nikigereranyo gihamye umukoresha ashobora gukoresha. Imbaraga zakozwe na actuator nini cyane zirashobora kugera kuri 225000kgf. Gusa hydraulic actuator irashobora kugera kumurongo munini, ariko igiciro cyubwubatsi bwa hydraulic actuator kizaba kinini cyane kuruta icy'amashanyarazi. Urwego rwo kurwanya-offset yumuriro wamashanyarazi nibyiza cyane. Ibisohoka bisunikwa cyangwa torque irasa nkaho ihagaze neza, irashobora gukuraho imbaraga zitaringanijwe ziciriritse kandi zikagera kugenzura neza ibipimo ngenderwaho. Kubwibyo, kugenzura neza birarenze ibyo gukora amashanyarazi. Niba servo amplifier ikoreshwa, irashobora kurangiza byoroshye guhanahana ingaruka nziza nibibi, kandi ikanashyiraho byoroshye umwanya wikimenyetso cyo kumena ibimenyetso (kubungabunga / gufungura / gufunga), kandi amakosa agomba kugarukira gusa ku nkomoko, aribyo nanone ntibikorwa na moteri ikora amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi agomba kwishingikiriza kumurongo wa sisitemu yo gukingira kugirango agere kurinda imyanya. Inenge ya moteri ikoresha amashanyarazi ikubiyemo ahanini imiterere igoye, ishobora kugaragara cyane ku makosa asanzwe, kandi kubera ubudasa bwayo, ibisabwa bya tekinike kubakozi bashinzwe ubwubatsi bizaba biri hejuru; Imikorere ya moteri igomba kuba ishyushye, niba ihinduwe cyane, byoroshye gutera ubushyuhe bwa moteri, bikaviramo kurinda ubushyuhe bukabije, ariko kandi bigashimangira kwambara ibikoresho byo kugabanya; Hariho kandi imikorere itinda cyane, uhereye kumugenzuzi asohora ikimenyetso, kugirango uhindure igisubizo cya valve hamwe nimyitozo ngororamubiri kugeza igice kijyanye, bigomba kuba umwanya muremure, ibi kandi bigereranywa nakarere ka pneumatike, hydraulic. Uburyo bwo gucunga amashanyarazi ya Valve hamwe nuburyo bwo gutwara ni byose hamwe, uburyo bwo kuyobora bufite ubwoko bwa firime ya plastike cyangwa imashini ya piston ibyiciro bibiri.
Imashini ya piston ya piston ni ndende, ikoreshwa muburyo bwo guterera ahantu runaka; Indwara ya membrane stroke ni nto, kandi intebe yonyine irasunikwa ako kanya. Kuberako pneumatic actuator ifite ibiranga imiterere yoroheje, ibisohoka binini, guhagarara neza kandi kwizewe, hamwe numutekano no kwirinda-guturika, bimwe mubisabwa mukubyara amashanyarazi, uruganda rukora imiti, uruganda rutunganya amavuta nibindi bisabwa byumutekano muke. Ibintu nyamukuru biranga pneumatike ikora: wemere ibimenyetso bya gaze bihoraho, bisohokane umurongo ugereranije (ibikoresho / guhinduranya gaze, birashobora kandi kwakira ibimenyetso bya elegitoroniki bihoraho), bimwe wongeyeho ukuboko, bishobora gusohora umuvuduko wimpande.
Hano hari imbaraga nziza kandi zifata.
Umuvuduko wo kugenda ni mwinshi, ariko umuvuduko uratinda uko umutwaro wiyongera.
Imbaraga zisohoka zijyanye nubushyuhe bwo gukora.
Kwizerwa cyane, ariko valve ntishobora kubungabungwa nyuma yo kumeneka kwa nyuma ya pneumatike (irashobora gukomeza nyuma yo kongeramo valve igumana).
Ntabwo byoroshye kurangiza igice cyo kugenzura no kugenzura imigendekere.
Kubungabunga byoroshye, guhuza neza nibidukikije.
Ibisohoka Ibisohoka imbaraga nini.
Hamwe nimirimo yo gukingira umuriro.
Uburyo bwo kugenzura pneumatic valve actuator ni ukubera ko hariho uburyo bwinshi nuburyo bwinshi bwo kugenzura nuburyo muri iki gihe. Mu musaruro wihariye winganda no kugenzura umusaruro winganda, uburyo bukoreshwa mugucunga pneumatike nabwo ni bwinshi cyane. Ibisanzwe ni ibi bikurikira.
Igikoresho cyerekana ubwenge gikoreshwa mugutahura imikorere yimikorere ya valve, no kugenzura igihe cyingwate ya valve kumurimo ujyanye nigikoresho nibikoresho, cyane cyane binyuze mumashanyarazi abiri yo kugenzura ibidukikije bikora, gutandukanya valve mumurongo ufunguye cyangwa gufunga valve, ukurikije porogaramu yanditse inyandiko ya valve ihinduranya amakuru, Kandi hariho inzira ebyiri zijyanye na valve ifungura 4 ~ 20mA ibisohoka na bipedal mubisanzwe ifungura mubisanzwe byafunzwe bisohoka.
Binyuze muri ibyo bisohoka byerekana ibimenyetso, igenzura valve imbaraga zihindura umwanya.
Ukurikije ibisabwa muri sisitemu ya sisitemu, igikoresho cyerekana ubwenge cyerekana ibikoresho bishobora kugabanywamo ibice bitatu uhereye ku gishushanyo mbonera n’ibicuruzwa: igice cyo kwigana, igice cyamakuru, igice urufunguzo / igice cyerekana.
1, sisitemu igizwe numuzunguruko igice gikubiyemo cyane cyane guhinduranya amashanyarazi, kugereranya kwinjiza amashanyarazi, kugereranya kwinjiza no gusohora amashanyarazi ibice bitatu.
Igice cyo gutanga amashanyarazi gitanga ingufu zose zumuzunguruko wa kinetic, harimo imiyoboro ihuriweho na sisitemu, igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu hamwe nibisabwa ingufu.
Kugirango umenye igenzura rya kure ryo gufungura valve, gufungura amakuru yibikenewe bigomba koherezwa kubindi bikoresho bigenzura, icyarimwe icyerekezo cyo kugenzura gishobora gutezwa imbere kuva kure ya valve kugirango ifungure runaka, software ya sisitemu igomba kuba 4 ~ 20mA analog yinjiza amakuru yikimenyetso na 1 ~ 2 4 ~ 20mA igereranya ryinjiza nibisohoka byamakuru.
Ikigereranyo cyo kwinjiza amakuru yerekana ibimenyetso byahinduwe mubimenyetso bisa bihuye no gufungura valve ukurikije A / D hanyuma bigashyikirizwa igice cyamakuru cyigishushanyo mbonera cya microcomputer imwe, kandi gishobora gusohoka nyuma yo kuyungurura gutunganya kuri microcomputer imwe igishushanyo. Gufungura amakuru yibirimo bya valve bihindurwa muburyo bwa signal isohoka ukurikije D / A, ikoreshwa muguhuza igikoresho cyo kwerekana kwerekana gufungura valve cyangwa guhuza izindi mashini nibikoresho bigenzura. Mu gikoresho cyo gushushanya, buri kimenyetso cyamakuru yamakuru yamakuru akoresha itumanaho ryuruhererekane rwuburyo bwinjiza bwinjira, murwego rwo kuzigama imitunganyirize ya chip yumutungo numwanya, kwinjiza 4 ~ 20mA byinjira byinjira mugihe ibyinjijwe mubunini, imiyoboro 4 ihari DA itunganya chip hamwe na 51 microcontroller seriveri ikomatanya hafi ya 8-bit ya AD.
2. Igice cyibishushanyo mbonera bya digitale bikubiyemo cyane cyane: igishushanyo mbonera cya microcomputer imwe, gukingira ingufu, kurinda imiyoboro ibiri yerekana ibimenyetso byinjira byinjira, umuyoboro wa kabiri usanzwe ufungura bisanzwe byafunzwe bisanzwe byahinduwe.
Mugushushanya gahunda, AT89C4051 ikoreshwa cyane muriki cyiciro.
AT89C4051 ni voltage nkeya, ikora cyane ya CMOS8-bito ya microcontroller hamwe na 4K byte ishobora guhanagurwa, isubirwamo na progaramu yandika ikingira flash yibikoresho.
Kugirango uhuze ibintu byinshi 8-bit ya CPU flash chip muri chip ya soc, mubiranga, tegeka Igenamiterere na pin na 80C51 na 80C52 ihuza rwose.
Byatekerejweho rwose ko mugihe ibikoresho byashizwemo cyangwa bigatangira, birakenewe gukomeza ibipimo bimwe byingenzi byingenzi byashyizwe mumwanya wibikoresho, kandi kwibuka mubishushanyo mbonera bya microcomputer bidafite imikorere yububasha bwo kubika , chip X5045 rero ifite imbaraga zo kubika imikorere yaguwe hanze ya chip.
X5045 numuyoboro wamashanyarazi ushobora guhuza umurongo wa 1, kugenzura ingufu no gutumanaho bikurikirana EEPROM. Ubu buryo bwo gushushanya bushobora kugabanya gukenera amashanyarazi kumuzingo wimbere. Watchdog 1 muri X5045 itanga kubungabunga sisitemu. Indorerezi 1 ku kibaho cyumuzunguruko izajyana ibimenyetso bya RESET kuri CPU.
X5045 izana inshuro eshatu agaciro kubakoresha kugirango bahitemo porogaramu.
Ifite imikorere yo kugenzura imbaraga za voltage irashobora kandi kurinda sisitemu ingaruka ziterwa na voltage nkeya, mugihe amashanyarazi aguye munsi yurwego rwemewe, izahita ihindurwamo kugeza amashanyarazi azasubira mubiciro bihamye.
Chip yibuka X5045 irashobora kuvugana na CPU ikoresheje icyambu.
Inyuguti 4069 zose zishobora kugaragara muri 512 x 8 bytes.
Imiterere ya pin ya X5045 irerekanwa mumashusho 1 hepfo. Ifite amapine 8 yose hamwe, kandi efficacy ya buri pin irerekanwa gutya: CS: hitamo impera yumuzunguruko, amashanyarazi make yumvikana; SO: amakuru yamakuru asohoka; SI: urutonde rwamakuru yinjiza; SCK: itumanaho ryitumanaho rya digitale isaha isohoka; WP: andika uburinzi bwinjiza, imbaraga nke zumvikana zirumvikana; GUSUBIZA: guhinduranya ibisohoka; Vcc: guhinduranya amashanyarazi; Vss: ubutaka.
INA ni ikimenyetso cyo kwinjiza, nicyo kimenyetso gitandukanya valve (10mA) yakusanyijwe na sensor ya infragre. Ikimenyetso cyamakuru cyungururwa na filteri ya capacitor hanyuma ikoherezwa kuri optocoupler, ihindurwamo ibimenyetso bya voltage isohoka ikoherezwa mubishushanyo bya MCU.
Ibisohoka voltage irashobora kuba muburyo bwa I / O byateguwe na microcomputer imwe ya chip. Kugenzura, gusa iyo byombi A na B byombi-umuyoboro umwe wa pulses byakiriwe birashobora gufatwa ko ibyinjijwe binyuze mubimenyetso byamakuru, AB nibyiza kandi BA ihinduka.
Ntubare iyo ikimenyetso kimwe gusa cyanditse.
Kabiri ufungure kandi ufunge, mubisanzwe ufunguye kandi mubisanzwe ufunze impinduka zasohotse.
Byakoreshejwe muguhuza ibyerekezo, ukurikije igenzura rya solenoid valve suction kugirango igenzure pneumatic actuator kumwanya ufungura cyangwa gufunga umwanya.
3. Igice cyerekanwe kirimo ahanini: igishushanyo mbonera cya microcomputer imwe, kwerekana 4-bit LED yerekana, amatara 3 yimiterere (byikora, imbere, inyuma), urufunguzo rwibikorwa 3 (urufunguzo rwa MODE / SET, urufunguzo rwo hejuru, urufunguzo rwo hasi).
AT89C4051 imwe ya chip microcomputer ikoreshwa mugucunga ibyerekanwa 4-biti LED, hamwe no gutumanaho hamwe nigice cyamakuru cyigishushanyo mbonera cya chip imwe, ariko no gukora guhitamo no kugenzura kugenzura.
Igikoresho cyo kwerekana gitangwa n'amatara atatu yimiterere kugirango yerekane imiterere ya actuator: guhinduranya amasaha, guhinduranya, byikora; Imfunguzo eshatu zimikorere: MODE / SET urufunguzo, hejuru urufunguzo, urufunguzo rwo hasi, kugenzura uburyo bwakazi bwa actuator hamwe nibice bimwe na bimwe gusubiramo.
Ibi bice 3 byahujwe ukurikije jack, bikora software yuzuye yo kugenzura sisitemu, ishobora kugenzura pompe pneumatike nizindi zikora. Mubikorwa bifatika, ubwoko bwimikorere yibipimo byabanjirije-byuzuye byarangiye.
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Ibikoresho byabugenewe: mudasobwa 1, 1 seti ya PLC (harimo CPU, I / O igenzura module,> Ihame ryayo ni: na PC ukurikije itumanaho rya RS-232 ryahujwe na OMRON PLC, kugirango rikore gahunda no kugenzura PLC.
PLC I / O igenzura module ihujwe no kwinjiza, gusohora amakuru yerekana amakuru, aho module yinjizwa ihererekanwa na valve muri sensor ya fase 2, ukurikije module ya PLC yinjira> ukurikije PLC yo kugenzura ibyasohotse OC225 igenzura 2 solenoid valve, solenoid valve hamwe nitsinda 2 risanzwe rifungura mubisanzwe byafunzwe bisohoka, itsinda 1 kumasoko afunguye asohoka, itsinda 1 kumurongo wafunze ibisohoka.
Mugihe ufunguye valve, mugihe gufungura gufungura birenze cyangwa bingana numwanya wihariye wa valve uhagaze agaciro nyuma yo gufungura valve ibisohoka bihuza umwanya, gufungura valve biri munsi yumwanya wihariye wa valve uhagaze agaciro nyuma yo gufungura ububiko bwasohotse mumwanya wo guhuza, kora igihangano. yo gufungura valve isohoka itumanaho kalibrasi nyuma yo gufungura iri munsi yumwanya udasanzwe wa valve uhagaze.
Iyo ufunze valve, mugihe valve ifunze kumwanya wa zeru kandi ntanumwe winjiza pulse muri 21s, imyanya isohoka ya valve irahagarara; Niba hari monopulse yinjije muri 21s, gutinda 21s kuri valve isohoka umwanya uhuza.
Ukurikije guswera kwa solenoid valve kugirango igenzure amashanyarazi ya valve ebyiri za solenoid, relay irakingurwa, kandi pneumatic valve actuator irashobora kugenzurwa kugirango iteze imbere valve kugirango ikore umwanya ufungura cyangwa ufunga.
Muri icyo gihe, icyerekezo cyegereye kuri valve power switch yimuriwe muri PLC, kandi ugereranije no gufungura valve isanzwe kugeza yujuje ibisabwa byo guhagarikwa.
Byuzuye byikora zeru nuburyo bwuzuye bwikora: software igenzura sisitemu ifite imikorere ya zeru yikora kandi igenamigambi ryuzuye. Iyo gufungura valve biri munsi yukugaruka kuri zeru agaciro cyangwa intera yo gufungura intera yuzuye iri munsi yumubare wuzuye wo kugereranya, kandi umwanya urenze cyangwa uhwanye nigiciro cyagenwe cyigihe gihamye, PLC yikora igenzura gukora gusubira kuri zeru cyangwa byuzuye byikora.
Mubikorwa byubushakashatsi, gufungura valve bipimwa na sensor ya fase muri valve.
Iyo valve isize sensor A ubanza hanyuma sensor B, byerekana ko valve ifunga.
Iyo valve isize sensor B mbere hanyuma sensor A, byerekana ko valve ifunguye.
Rukuruzi rwakira ibimenyetso bitandukanye, byandika imiterere ya valve ukurikije ibimenyetso byamakuru byakusanyijwe nicyiciro cya sensor. Subprogramme yanditswe na CX-programmer, software igenzura numero, hanyuma ikururwa muri PLC kugirango ikore. Subprogramme iragenzurwa kandi ikagenzurwa muburyo bwa software yo hejuru ya mudasobwa. Ingano ya valve power switch irashobora gusobanurwa ninjiza yumuzingi agaciro kurupapuro rwiboneza.
Urupapuro rwa porogaramu iboneza rumaze kurangira, igenzura ryumubiri ibikorwa byo gufungura valve, gufunga valve, kurangiza no kugenzura amarembo nyamukuru birashobora gukoreshwa muburyo butaziguye muri software iboneza neza. Ihame rya pneumatike ya valve ikoresha gazi isunitswe kugirango iteze imbere gusubiranamo kwimikorere yibice byinshi muri actuator, ishyigikira ibiranga urumuri rufata hamwe na gari ya moshi yimbere, iteza imbere kuzenguruka kwizengurutsa ryuzuye, ikohereza disiki ya gaze isunitswe kuri buri silinderi, ihindura umwuka winjira nibisohoka kugirango uhindure icyerekezo cyizunguruka, kandi uhindure icyerekezo cyizunguruka ukurikije ibisabwa byumuzenguruko wumuzigo (valve). Urashobora guhindura umubare wibikoresho bya silinderi, gusunika umutwaro (valve) mubikorwa.
Imyanya ibiri-inzira-eshanu-relay isanzwe ikoreshwa muguhuza hamwe-na-pneumatic actuator ikora, kandi imyanya ibiri irashobora kugenzurwa mubice bibiri: Gufungura, inzira-eshanu zifite inzira eshanu z'umutekano zo guhanahana ikirere, muri zo 1 zifitanye isano valve ya pneumatike, 2 ihujwe no gusohoka no gusohoka kwicyumba cyimbere cya feri yimbere ya silindiri ikora kabiri, na 2 bikomeza hamwe ninjirira nisohoka ryicyumba cyimbere cya feri. Ihame ryakazi rishobora kwerekezwa kumahame yingaruka zibiri pneumatic actuator.