Icyuho cyisi kwisi kwagura ibikoresho byubukanishi ibisabwa byiyongera mubikorwa bya valve yaho igana imbere

Icyuho cyo kwagura isi kwagura ibikoresho byubukanishi byiyongera mubikorwa byiterambere rya valve yacu igenda itera imbere Hamwe niterambere ryumuryango hamwe niterambere rya The Times, ibitekerezo bishingiye kumuntu bimaze igihe kinini byinjira mubice byose mubuzima. Izi mpinduka zirashobora kugaragara mumazu, ibinyabiziga, mudasobwa, terefone igendanwa, imyambaro hamwe nibikorwa rusange. 100X igenzura kure kureremba umupira uturutse kumutekano, neza, kurengera ibidukikije, kuzigama ingufu, kurengera ibidukikije, agashya, ubwiza nubuntu muri buri kantu kavuzwe haruguru tekereza neza uburambe bwabakiriya, bugaragaza ubwitonzi bwabantu. Ikigaragara ni uko igishushanyo mbonera kitagarukira gusa ku bicuruzwa by’abaguzi, valve nkinshi mu bwinshi, ikoreshwa cyane mu musaruro w’inganda, ubuhinzi, ndetse nakazi ka buri munsi nubuzima bwibikoresho bikoresha imashini, nabyo ntibishobora guterwa nigishushanyo gakondo igitekerezo nigishushanyo mbonera, kandi bigomba kwagura igitekerezo gishya, diaphragm ya kure igenzura kureremba umupira wa valve inshinge nshya yibanze. Ubusanzwe imibumbe ikoreshwa ku isi ifite inenge nyinshi, nka: gufata amazi, kwangirika, gukomera nabi, n'ibindi. Umuyoboro usanzwe w’umucyo watangijwe mu buhanga bwa tekinoroji ya tekinoroji yo mu mahanga uzaba gakondo ya globe valve yigenga udushya, gukora no gukora urugi rw’umuriro. Irembo ryumuriro kugirango risimbuze ibicuruzwa gakondo byisi ya globe, ikoreshwa rya pake yose yabumbabumbwe muburyo bwo guhindura ibintu kugirango igere kumikorere myiza cyane, hanyuma ikemure ikibazo cyibura ryumubyigano gakondo. Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga, inganda zinyuranye zo mu gihugu zagendanye n’umuvuduko mpuzamahanga, bigoye kugabanya itandukaniro riri hagati y’inganda n’inganda z’amahanga, inganda za valve nazo ni zimwe, mu myaka yashize, indangagaciro z’Ubushinwa mu Bushinwa hamwe nandi marushanwa manini manini, kandi nta terambere ryagerwaho, bigatuma habaho kwaguka gukomeye gutandukanya icyuho cyubushinwa nububiko bwamahanga. Ikinyuranyo hagati y’ibihugu byo kwisi kwagura ibikoresho byubukanishi ibisabwa byongera inganda zikora firigo, cyane cyane ibikoresho bito, kunenga igihe kirekire bivuga uruhare rwibipimo no guhanga udushya. Ikinyuranyo hagati yinganda za valve zubushinwa ninganda za valve zo mumahanga ziragaragara cyane muriki gihe, hari icyuho cyuzuye: icya mbere, ikinyuranyo mubushobozi bwigenga bwo guhanga udushya; Icya kabiri, icyuho mubikorwa byo gukora; Icya gatatu, icyuho cyo kugenzura ubuziranenge nibikoresho; Icya kane, icyuho muburyo bwiza. Reka kandi turebe amakosa yabo bwite, kugirango tubone icyuho n'imiterere yikibazo, hanyuma tunonosore kandi tuzamure. Isoko ryo kugurisha ibikoresho bya firigo ibikoresho bya firigo bitanga icyizere abakozi bashinzwe inganda bagaragaje ko icyiciro cya valve muguhuza umusaruro winganda, benshi bakoreshwa mugukoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo gutwara ibinyabiziga no gutembera kwinshi, nkamazi, amavuta, amavuta yimiti, nkurikije ibipimo indangagaciro zubushyuhe, igitutu namakuru atemba. Umuvuduko usanzwe ugenga imyanda mubitunganyirizwa harimo umuvuduko ugabanya umuvuduko, pneumatike ihoraho yubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, relay sisitemu yubushyuhe burigihe, umuvuduko ukabije ugenga valve ihora yubushyuhe bwa sisitemu, ubushyuhe bwibidukikije bugenga ububiko nubundi bwoko butandukanye. Mugukoresha ibyuma bitandukanye byikora, hagomba kwitonderwa ubwoko bwa moteri yaka imbere, ibisobanuro bisanzwe, ubwiza bwumuvuduko wumuvuduko, kugabanuka kwumuvuduko, umuvuduko wuzuye hamwe nuburyo, igipimo cyo kunanirwa ibikoresho, abakora inguzanyo kugiti cyabo na serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha nibindi bintu , kugirango tugere ku ngaruka nziza. Ibikoresho bya mashini bikora valve isoko isabwa kuzamuka Igicuruzwa ubwacyo, kubera ko amashanyarazi agenga amashanyarazi afite igenamigambi ryoroshye cyane, igipimo gito cyo kunanirwa, kandi bijyanye nibyiza byinganda zikenerwa n’ikoranabuhanga risabwa, birakwiye guhitamo ubucuruzi. Kubera ikoreshwa rya valve isanzwe ya pneumatike, byanze bikunze kugira imiyoboro, ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma, hamwe na compressor zo mu kirere, hamwe n’amashanyarazi agenga amashanyarazi kuri moteri itwara moteri, iteraniro ryoroshye kandi ryoroshye, hamwe n’amashanyarazi ateganya amashanyarazi hamwe n’uruganda rutunganya umurongo wogukwirakwiza byikora birashobora kuba, irashobora kuzigama ibindi biciro. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwo gutwara ibinyabiziga burahamye gufungura no gufunga, nta mbaraga zo guhita zihita ari inenge nini, igipimo cyo kunanirwa ibikoresho kirashobora kugabanuka cyane. Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere rya siyanse nubuhanga mu gihugu, irembo ryamashanyarazi naryo riratera imbere kugeza ku gaciro kongerewe agaciro, ibipimo nyamukuru byingenzi, kurwanya ruswa hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi nyinshi. Isoko ry’amashanyarazi rikenera isoko ryiyongera Mu myaka yashize, hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryoguhuza amashanyarazi, imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi, ibicuruzwa byingenzi byimashini byatangije inganda. Isoko rikomeye ryibikoresho byamashanyarazi bishyira hejuru ibisabwa hejuru. Murwego rwo gukora neza no kuzigama ingufu, gukoresha progaramu yo kugenzura byikora ni ihuriro ryingirakamaro, inganda gakondo zisanzwe zikoresha intoki, pneumatike, mugukoresha ibiciro nibikorwa bya se ntabwo ari byiza nkibikoresho byo kugenzura amashanyarazi. Itangazamakuru ryavuze ko igenzura ry'amashanyarazi mu isoko rya valve ibicuruzwa bikuru. Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere rya siyanse nubuhanga mu gihugu, irembo ryamashanyarazi naryo riratera imbere kugeza ku gaciro kongerewe agaciro, ibipimo nyamukuru byingenzi, kurwanya ruswa hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi nyinshi. Mubikorwa byumusaruro wimbere mu gihugu, inganda za valve zateye imbere byihuse mumyaka yashize, hamwe nibintu byinshi nkibikoresho fatizo nigiciro cyabantu, ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga hamwe n’umugabane ku isoko byateye imbere bikomeje, kandi n’ahantu hakorerwa ibicuruzwa n’isoko ry’ibicuruzwa bifite byakozwe buhoro buhoro. Ariko mugihugu cyacu hariho ibigo byinshi byinganda za valve, urugero ruto, kutagira ubushobozi bwo guhatanira amasoko, hamwe nisoko rito ryamasosiyete, ntibishobora gutera kugaragara kumasoko ya valve yisi yose, bikabuza iterambere ryiza kandi rifite gahunda yinganda za valve kuri runaka urugero. Mu gihugu cyacu mugikorwa cyo kwihererana na valve bumpy imbere Muri rusange, uburyo bwo kwimura indangagaciro bugaragara ko bugoye cyane. Kuri ubu, haba ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa ku rwego rwa politiki yo gushyigikira igihugu, cyangwa ku rwego rw’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, iterambere rya valve ntabwo ari ingirakamaro. Kubera ko ibice by'ibanze bimaze kuba intege nke zo kubuza iterambere ry’inganda zikora inganda mu Bushinwa, Ubushinwa buzakomeza kongera umusaruro w’ibikorwa by’imbere mu gihugu by’intwaro n’ibikoresho mu gihe cy’imyaka 12 y’imyaka itanu. Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, ibibazo by’ingutu byo gutunga valve mu gihugu cyacu muri iki gihe bifite ibintu bikurikira: Dukurikije imibare y’inganda zivoma amazi, ikwirakwizwa ry’ubushakashatsi bw’ibicuruzwa n’amafaranga y’iterambere mu nganda zivoma amazi zingana na 2% bya inyungu nyamukuru yubucuruzi bwabayobozi bashinzwe imishinga. Ugereranije n’ibigo by’amahanga, isaranganya ryamafaranga yiterambere mu nganda zose ni rito cyane. Imibare ifatika yerekana ko ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’umwaka mu nganda z’amazi y’amazi yo mu Bushinwa ari munsi y’umushinga wo mu mahanga. Amafaranga yubushakashatsi, ishoramari ridahagije mubushakashatsi bwibicuruzwa niterambere, byabaye ikintu cyingenzi kibuza iterambere ryigenga ryamasosiyete ya valve. Mu nganda zacu n’inganda zikora ibikoresho, igogorwa ryikoranabuhanga rishya riratinda, ibigo byinshi ntabwo bikomeye mubushobozi bwo guhanga udushya, 57% byimashini n’ibikoresho bikomoka ku ikoranabuhanga hifashishijwe ibikoresho byo gutangiza. Kugeza ubu, igice kinini cyibicuruzwa mu nganda zikora amapompo n’inganda zarangije ahanini umusaruro wigenga no gutunganya, ariko amasosiyete yo mu gihugu ntabwo ashinzwe cyane cyane icyiciro cyo hasi cyo gutunganya no gutunganya ibicuruzwa, ubujyakuzimu bufatika n'ubugari bugomba kunozwa. . Kurugero, ibicuruzwa bya pompe yo mu rwego rwa kirimbuzi mubikoresho byubukanishi bwuruganda rukora ingufu za kirimbuzi hamwe nogutekesha ibyokurya byamazi pompe yibikoresho byapakiye muri kilowatt 10,000 10,000 yo kuvoma supercritical hamwe na ultr-supercritical imashini itanga ingufu za mashini nibikoresho byagiye bigenda byoroha. Byinshi mubikorwa byingenzi byikoranabuhanga biracyakenewe gutumizwa mu mahanga. Abakiriya ntibakunda kugura Ubushinwa. Nubwo ibicuruzwa byabashinwa mubipimo bya tekiniki kugirango bigere ku rwego rumwe n’amahanga, ariko abakiriya bamwe baracyafite ubushake bwo kugura ibikoresho bya tekiniki byo mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga, bigatuma icyiciro cya mbere cy’ibikoresho bikomeye bya tekinike byo mu gihugu bivoma ibicuruzwa mu isoko bigoye. Nubwo ibicuruzwa byinshi bivoma murugo bifite urwego runaka rwikoranabuhanga, ariko ibice bimwe byo gusaba biracyashaka gusaba kubura imikorere. Inganda rusange tekinoroji yubumenyi ubushakashatsi burabuze. Kubera ivugurura, ibigo byubushakashatsi bimwe na bimwe bitanga serivisi ku nganda byahindutse ibigo bifite inshingano zabyo, kandi imiterere n’imiterere yibikorwa byahindutse cyane. Uruhare rwayo rwo guteza imbere tekiniki mu nganda rugenda rugabanuka umunsi ku munsi, gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rishya, ubushakashatsi bushya n’igipimo cy’iterambere biratinda, gahunda yo gushushanya, ikoranabuhanga ritunganya, ibikoresho n’inganda nibindi bisobanuro biragoye guhuza n’ibihugu by’amahanga. Isoko ryamavuko yo kugurisha igihugu cyamavuko cake nini, ariko amarushanwa yinganda nayo arakaze cyane. Hamwe no kwihutisha kuvugurura inganda zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zikora muri politiki iriho, iterambere ry’inganda z’ibanze zikora inganda zizakomeza gushimangirwa, inzira yo kwishyiriraho valve izihuta buhoro buhoro. Ariko urwego rwubushinwa rutunganya inganda zinganda no kugereranya urwego mpuzamahanga ruyoboye biracyafite icyuho runaka, ibipimo byinshi byo hejuru, umuvuduko ukabije hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, pound yo hejuru yibyingenzi byingenzi byumwimerere byaterwaga nibitumizwa hanze. Kugirango habeho iterambere ryiza ryinganda zubushinwa, birakenewe kunonosora no kunoza isaranganya ryinganda, ntabwo ari ugukoresha neza ibyiza byurwego rwinganda gakondo, ahubwo tunatezimbere cyane ubumenyi bwumwuga, inganda zikoresha ikoranabuhanga ninganda nshya, guteza imbere igitutu kigenga valve, gucomeka, kugenzura inganda zinganda.