Irembo rya valve ibikoresho fatizo Ibikoresho byumubiri Ibikoresho bya karubone Irembo rya valve ibikoresho fatizo ibyuma annealing

Irembo rya valve ibikoresho fatizo Ibikoresho byumubiri Ibikoresho bya Carbone Irembo rya valve ibikoresho fatizo ibyuma bifata ibyuma birashobora gukoreshwa mubintu bitangirika, mubihe bimwe bidasanzwe nko mubihe runaka byubushyuhe, ibidukikije bifite agaciro, bishobora gukoreshwa mubintu bimwe na bimwe byangirika. Ubushyuhe buboneka -29 ~ 425 ℃. Umubiri wa Valve, flake imwe na valve (ama piston valve) bisa nkibigoye, kuburyo rusange ikoreshwa ryibice. Gusa kalibiri ya valve cyangwa amarembo afite amahame yihariye yimikorere ikoresha ibice byuma. Byinshi mumibiri ya valve, flave imwe ya valve na valve valve (piston valve) bisa nkibigoye, kuburyo rusange ikoreshwa ryibice. Gusa kalibiri ya valve cyangwa amarembo afite amahame yihariye yimikorere ikoresha ibice byuma. Ibyuma bya karubone Birashobora gukoreshwa mubintu bitangirika, mubihe bimwe bidasanzwe nko mubihe runaka byubushyuhe, ibidukikije byagaciro, bishobora gukoreshwa mubintu bimwe na bimwe byangirika. Ubushyuhe buboneka -29 ~ 425 parts Ibice by'ibyuma bya karubone Kugeza ubu, igipimo cyo gushyira mu bikorwa gikoreshwa mu gihugu cyacu ni GB12229 - 89 "Umuyoboro rusange, ibyuma bya karuboni bikozwe mu buhanga", ikirango ni WCA, WCB, WCC. Igipimo gihuye n’ishyirahamwe ry’ibizamini byo mu mahanga ASTMA216-77 "ubushyuhe bwo hejuru fusible carbone ibyuma bya Castings". Ibipimo byahinduwe byibuze kabiri, ariko GB12229-89 yanjye iracyakoreshwa, kandi verisiyo nshya mbona kuri iki gihe ni Astma216-2001. Itandukanye na Astma 216-77 (ni ukuvuga kuva GB12229-89) muburyo butatu. Igisubizo: Ibisabwa 2001 byongeweho icyifuzo cyicyuma cya WCB, ni ukuvuga ko kuri buri 0.01% kugabanya agaciro ka karuboni nini cyane, agaciro ka magnesium nini cyane gashobora kwiyongera 0,04% kugeza igihe agaciro ntarengwa ari 1.28%. B: Sundries Cu ya moderi ya WCA, WCB na WCC: 0,50% muri 77, yahinduwe kuri 0,30% muri 2001; Cr: 0,40% muri 77 na 0,50% muri 2001; Mo: Byari 0,25% muri 77 na 0,20% muri 2001. C: Sintezike yibintu bisigaye bigomba kuba munsi cyangwa bingana na 1.0%. Muri 2001, iyo hari karubone ihwanye na karubone, iyi ngingo ntabwo ikwiye, kandi karubone ntarengwa ihwanye na moderi eshatu isabwa kuba 0.5 hamwe na karuboni yayo ihwanye no kubara. IKIBAZO A: Ibice byujuje ibyangombwa bigomba kuba byujuje ubuziranenge bwa chimique, imiterere yubukanishi, kandi byujuje ibisabwa, cyane cyane ibisigisigi bya manipulation, bitabaye ibyo bikangiza imikorere yo gusudira. B: Ibihingwa ngengabuzima bivugwa muri kode biracyari byinshi. Kugirango ubone imikorere myiza yo gusudira no kugera kumiterere yubukanishi bukenewe, birakenewe gushyiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho byimbere yimbere yibigize no gukora uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe kubice byo guteramo inkoni. Bitabaye ibyo, umusaruro no gukora ibice byujuje ibyangombwa. Kurugero, WCB ibyuma bya karubone isanzwe ≤0.3%, niba icyuma cya WCB cyuma cya karubone ya 0.1% cyangwa munsi yacyo kugirango ibone ko yujuje ibisabwa, ariko imiterere yubukanishi ntabwo yujuje ibisabwa. Ibirimo bya karubone niba bihwanye na 0.3% nabyo byujuje ibyangombwa ariko gusudira Umutungo muke, kugenzura karubone kuri 0.25% birakwiye. Ushaka kuba "kwinjira no gusohoka," abashoramari bamwe bazashyira ahagaragara amabwiriza yo kugenzura karubone. C. b) icyombo cy'umuvuduko) (c) ANSI 16 · 34 "flange na butt welding end valve" igitutu cyakazi - ubushyuhe bwerekanwe agaciro gasanzwe gasabwa WCB A105 (ibyuma bya karubone) ubushyuhe buriho harimo -29 ℃ kugeza 425 ℃, ntibishobora gukoreshwa hejuru ya 425 ℃ igihe kirekire. Ibyuma bikomeye bya karubone bikunda gushushanya hafi 425 ℃. Irembo rya valve ibikoresho fatizo byibyuma bya annealing byuzuye (rerystallisation annealing): ibyuma bitinda gushyushya Ac3 (ibyuma bya hypoeutectoid) hejuru ya 30 ~ 50 ℃, kugirango ubone igihe giciriritse, hanyuma gukonjesha buhoro. Kubyuma bisanzwe, ukurikije uburyo bwo gushyushya ferrite muri martensite (guhindura impinduka zinyuma) hamwe nuburyo bwo gukonjesha hiyongereyeho impinduka ya kabiri yongeye kugarurwa, kristu nziza, igicucu, imiterere imwe ya ferrite. Icyuma gisize icyuma: ibyuma bishyushya ubushyuhe bwa 30 ~ 50 ℃ hejuru ya Ac1, hanyuma bikonja buhoro. 1) Igisobanuro: Shyira ibice kuri 30 ~ 50 ℃ hejuru yubushyuhe bukabije, ubushyuhe bwigihe runaka, hanyuma hamwe na firigo. (Ubushyuhe bukomeye: ubushyuhe aho imiterere yimbere yibyuma bihinduka) 2) Intego: (1) Kugabanya imbaraga no kunoza imikorere yo gusya; (2) Gutunganya ingano, kunoza imiterere no gukwirakwiza sima mu byuma, no gushyiraho urufatiro rwo gutunganya ubushyuhe bwa nyuma; . (4) sprifisation ya simaite kugirango igabanye imbaraga; Gutezimbere no gukuraho ubwoko bwose bwibitagenda neza mumikorere byakozwe mubyuma, kubara no gusudira, kugirango wirinde gutera ibibara bito byera. 4) Ubwoko: Mubikorwa, inzira ya annealing ikoreshwa cyane. Ukurikije ibicuruzwa byakozwe na annealing ingaruka ntabwo arimwe, hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwibipimo ngenderwaho bya annealing, bikunze gukoreshwa ni annealing yuzuye, imishino yumukara wicyuma, cyangwa kubutaka bwubutaka (1) Annealing yuzuye (rerystallisation annealing): ibyuma gushyushya gahoro kuri Ac3 (hypoeutectoid ibyuma) hejuru ya 30 ~ 50 ℃, kugirango ubone igihe giciriritse, hanyuma gukonjesha buhoro. Kubyuma bisanzwe, ukurikije uburyo bwo gushyushya ferrite muri martensite (guhindura impinduka zinyuma) hamwe nuburyo bwo gukonjesha hiyongereyeho impinduka ya kabiri yongeye guhinduka, kristu nziza, igicucu, imiterere imwe ya ferrite. ② Icyuma gisize icyuma annealing: ibyuma bishyushya ubushyuhe bwa 30 ~ 50 ℃ hejuru ya Ac1, hanyuma bikonja buhoro. Imiterere ya ferrite ihinduka spheroidal na granular, hamwe nicyuma giciriritse kandi giciriritse hamwe nubwoko nkubu bufite imbaraga nke, ubushobozi bwo gucukura hamwe nubushobozi bukomeye bwo kugonda. Ku byuma bivanze, ubu bwoko bwimiterere nuburyo bwiza bwambere mbere yo kuvura ubushyuhe. . imiterere, kunoza imikorere Gusaba: hypoeutectoid ibyuma, ibyuma bya karubone nkeya: kugabanya imbaraga, kunoza imikorere yo gucukura. Ishirahamwe: FP Isothermal process annealing - gushyushya Ac3 (Ac1) 20 ~ 50 ℃, Ubushyuhe bwumuriro bukurikirwa no gukonjesha ikirere nyuma yuburyo bukurikira bwa isothermal muri Ar1: hamwe na annealing neza kugirango igenzurwe byoroshye Porogaramu: ibyuma biciriritse na ferritic Organisation: FP cyangwa Fe3C P Icyatsi gitera icyuma kandi kigakwirakwiza annealing Icyuma cyuma cyometseho - gishyushye kuri Ac1 20 ~ 30 Intego: Kubona spherical Fe3C, byoroshye Porogaramu: eutectoid, ibyuma bya eutectoid Tissue: spherical P Gukwirakwiza annealing - gushyushya kuri dogere 100-200 munsi umurongo uhamye, kumara igihe kirekire (10-15h) nyuma yo gukonjesha buhoro Intego: ibihimbano bikwiranye na: guta ibyuma bidafite ingese Microstructure: Ingano ntoya - nyuma yo gukwirakwiza annealing neza cyangwa kuzimya - optimizasiyo Gusenya annealing hamwe nakazi gakomeye annealing De- guhangayika annealing - gushyushya Ac1-100 ~ 200 ℃, kubika ubushyuhe nyuma yubukonje bwitanura Intego: Gukuraho imihangayiko yumuriro no gutuza ishyirahamwe Gusaba: ibice bishushanya ubukonje, ibice bivura ubushyuhe Ishirahamwe: Ntabwo bizahindura Akazi gakomeye annealing - gushyushya kuri t hanyuma 150 ~ 250 ℃, gushyushya ubushyuhe nyuma yo gukonjesha ikirere Intego: Kugabanya imbaraga no kuzamura plastike Gusaba: akazi gakomerera ibicuruzwa byakazi Imiterere: ingano ihwanye nakazi Gukomera ubushyuhe: T re = T gushonga × 0.4 (ubushyuhe) kuzimya Ubusanzwe - gushyushya Ac3 (Accm) 30 ~ 50 ℃, kubika ubushyuhe nyuma yo gukonjesha ikirere Intego: Gutunganya ingano, kunoza imikorere Gusaba: ibyuma bya karubone ndende HB → kuvura ubushyuhe mbere) hypereutectoid ibyuma → imiterere ya mesh isobanutse Fe3CⅡ, ishyiraho urufatiro rwo kuvura spheroidisation ibice bifite ibisabwa bike → ibikoresho bya mashini imikorere yanyuma yo gutunganya ubushyuhe.