Ingingo zingenzi zikorwa rya standpipe: ntukibagirwe gusukwa!

Radiyo yumvikanye ubwo inkongi y'umuriro yabaga muri hoteri yari hafi ya etage ya gatanu. Nyuma yiminota mike, urimo ukoresha igikapu cyawe cya riser kugirango uhuze - ni ukuvuga, "kwambara imiyoboro" - kumanuka kumagorofa ya kane, no muri etage yo hejuru hejuru yawe, bisa nkaho sisitemu yo kumena ibintu ari amakosa. Hotel. Ibi birashoboka cyane ko ibintu bitesha umutwe ushobora kuba utarigeze ubona mbere; gukora utuntu duto neza bizafasha gutsinda imihangayiko, kandi intsinzi nto izahinduka intsinzi nini. Abantu bamwe bashobora gutekereza ko kimwe mubintu bito ari ikibazo, "Ntiwibagirwe kwoza!" Kwoza riser mbere yuko ikoreshwa nishami rishinzwe kuzimya umuriro ntabwo ari umurimo muto, ariko ni intambwe ikomeye ishobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa byinshi kandi bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubyavuye mubikorwa byo kuzimya umuriro. Flushing yemeza ubusugire bwa riser, itangwa ryamazi nigikorwa cya valve; yoza imyanda mu muyoboro; kandi iguha umwanya wo gukemura ibibazo hakiri kare. Amazi atemba ava muri riser yemeza ko umuyoboro ufite isoko y'amazi. Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo gutanga amazi kuri sisitemu ya riser; tugomba kumenya amahitamo rusange. Imiyoboro irashobora gutangwa na pompe yumuriro, amasoko yamazi ya komine afite cyangwa adafite umuvuduko uhagije, cyangwa ishami ry’umuriro (FDC) gusa. Nizere ko wateguye iyi nyubako hakiri kare kandi ukumva sisitemu ushaka gukoresha. Muri sisitemu nyinshi zokoresha pompe yumuriro, mugihe ufunguye valve kugirango isukure, umuvuduko wa sisitemu uzagabanuka, kandi pompe yumuriro izumva umuvuduko ukabije, hanyuma utangire utange amazi yumuvuduko kuri sisitemu. Ibi nibyo aribyo wifuza ko bibaho kuri sisitemu itangwa na pompe yumuriro. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, iyo FDC na moteri bihujwe kandi bigapompa byuzuye, amazi azatemba mugihe valve isukuwe, kandi byose ni byiza. Ariko, uramutse ufunguye valve kandi ntamazi asohoka, birashobora gusobanura ko valve hepfo yicyumba cya pompe cyangwa riser riseruye idafunguwe, moteri ihujwe nabi, cyangwa izindi mpamvu. Ahari pompe yumuriro irahagarikwa cyangwa riser ubwayo yarangiritse, Nyamara, ntamazi ava mumiyoboro ashobora kuba igisubizo gisanzwe rwose kubishobora gukama byumye cyangwa sisitemu yintoki zishingikiriza kuri FDC kugirango itange amazi kandi ntaho ihuriye. Impanuka ya riser ishobora kuba itarakoreshwa mumyaka myinshi, cyangwa irashobora kwangirika kubera umugambi mubisha cyangwa kwangizwa nabari bafite inyubako zamatsiko muminsi yashize. Kuva mugushiraho kwambere cyangwa gukoresha bwa nyuma kugeza umunsi ukeneye gukora, ibintu byinshi birashobora kubaho. Kugirango ugire icyo ugeraho, kura igifuniko hanyuma ushyireho ishami ryumuriro wamazu (ifoto 1) mbere yo gufungura ububiko bwinyubako. Witwaje iyi valve nawe, uzi ko ishobora gukora, kandi wakiriye imyitozo yayo mbere yuwo munsi. Nyuma yo gushiraho valve ishami rishinzwe kuzimya umuriro, fungura valve yinyubako inshuro imwe kugirango usukure sisitemu, hanyuma ukomeze ufungure. Gufungura inyubako yinyubako birashobora gusaba akazi; biteganijwe ko bigoye gufungura. Kora icyo ugomba gukora cyose kugirango ufungure-kanda, uyisige, cyangwa ukoreshe umuyoboro. Iyo bimaze gukingurwa hanyuma ugahindura sisitemu, komeza ububiko bwinyubako hanyuma ukoreshe valve ishami ryumuriro kugirango uhagarike amazi. Umukoresha arashobora gukomeza gutunganya umuyoboro no kongeramo inkokora, metero zashyizwemo, ingofero, nibindi, kugirango umuyoboro witegure gukoreshwa (ifoto 2-3). Irembo ry’irembo ry’ishami rishinzwe kuzimya umuriro rizemerera abashinzwe kuzimya ingazi gushyiramo ingazi gushyiraho igitutu gikwiye igihe umuyoboro unyura mu ngazi mbere yo kuzimya umuriro; mubihe bitazwi, gukoresha valve yumuryango kugirango ufunge amazi mubisanzwe biroroshye cyane kuruta gukoresha valve yinyubako. Umuriro umaze kuzimya kandi ibikorwa birangiye, abakozi barashobora guhangana no gufunga indangagaciro zinyubako kugirango bagarure serivisi zabo. Gukenera gusohora imyanda muri sisitemu ya riser biroroshye kubyumva. Kubika amazi akomeye, igipimo, ibikinisho, imyanda, nibintu byose bishobora kwinjira muri sisitemu yo guhagarara. Sohora amazi ahagije kugirango usohore ibyo bintu muri sisitemu no kuri platifomu. Biroroshye guhanagura ibintu byamahanga unyuze muri 2½-inimero ya valve kuruta kunyuza kuri 11⁄8-ya nozzle. Kwoza no kumisha sisitemu ntibizakuraho imyanda gusa, ahubwo bizanasohora umwuka wegeranijwe muri sisitemu kugirango utegure sisitemu yo kurwanya umuriro. Gufata umwanya muto kugirango usohokane ibintu bishobora gufunga amajwi birashobora kugororerwa muburyo butabarika mubikorwa byo kurwanya umuriro. Amaherezo, abakozi ntibashakaga kwibagirwa koga, kuko byabahaye umwanya wo gutsinda ikibazo. Abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro mu ngazi bagomba kuvoma amazi menshi muri riser vuba bishoboka, mugihe abandi bakozi barimo barambura umuyoboro kandi bitegura ibikorwa byo kuzimya umuriro. Kurugero, niba inyubako ifite intoki yumye hamwe nabakozi ba moteri hanze bavuga ko bahujwe ninyubako kandi bagatanga amazi, ariko uwashinzwe kuzimya umuriro ashobora gukingura ingazi ariko ntakintu gisohoka. Ikibazo ni ikihe? Sisitemu yangiritse, pompe ya chambre ya pompe yarafunzwe, cyangwa moteri ihujwe na riser itariyo? Nibyihuta komanda wibyabaye amenye ikibazo, biroroshye byoroshye kugikemura utongereye cyane igihe cyo gusubiza (igihe cyoherejwe kugeza kuzimya umuriro). Amafoto ya 4 n'iya 5 yerekana abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro basanze mu nyubako ituwe mu mujyi wa Oklahoma, Oklahoma. Agace kateguwe mbere kandi guhuza riser byaganiriweho nabanyamuryango bashya. Urundi rugero rwo guhagarika abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro ni sisitemu yintoki ya sisitemu ihujwe na etage yo hepfo, hamwe na etage nyinshi hejuru yumuriro. Sisitemu itose yuzuyemo amazi ariko ntabwo ihujwe na sisitemu yo gutanga amazi. Ihuriro rya etage ya gatanu yinyubako yamagorofa 10 kugeza kuri 15, hariho sisitemu ya riser yuzuye uburebure bwa metero 120 na 150 hejuru yisangano. Ibi bizakora umuvuduko wumutwe wa pound 60 kugeza kuri 70 kuri santimetero kare (psi) uhereye kumazi hejuru ya valve mumuyoboro. Wibuke ko ikirenge cyose cyo kuzamuka muri riser kizakoresha 0.434 psi yumuvuduko. Murugero hejuru, metero 120 × 0.434 = 52 psi, na metero 150 × 0.434 = 65 psi. Niba uretse gusa valve itemba kumasegonda imwe, sisitemu isa nkaho ifite umuvuduko uhagije nubunini bwamazi. Ariko, mubyukuri, umuyoboro ukuramo amazi gusa kumuyoboro uri hejuru yacyo, kubera ko igihagararo cyagenewe gufasha ishami ry’umuriro gutanga amazi yo kurwanya inkongi y'umuriro. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa koza amazi ahagije kugirango umenye niba umuyoboro uva gusa cyangwa watanzwe ku isoko y'amazi. Ibintu bisa muri ubu bwoko bwa sisitemu nuko rimwe na rimwe pompe ntoya igenzurwa itanga amazi muri sisitemu. Iyo ufunguye valve hanyuma hakavamo amazi make, pompe ya booster izatangira hanyuma ugerageze kuzuza sisitemu. Niba abakozi badafite umuvuduko uhagije, uyikoresha azibeshya yibwira ko hari isoko y'amazi. Abakozi byihuse biga kubisubizo byibi bibazo, byihuse bashobora guhangana nabyo no kubitsinda. Niba ufashe umwanya wo kwitegura, ibikorwa bya riser birashobora kuba gahunda kandi nta mananiza. Witoze utuntu duto, vanga imyitozo utabishaka, kandi ugerageze gukemura ibibazo bishoboka. Wibuke, iyo dukora ibintu bito neza, byiyongera kubitsinzi bikomeye, bishobora gutuma akazi ko kuzimya umuriro kagenda neza. JOSH PEARCY yatangiye umwuga we wo kuzimya umuriro mu 2001 ari liyetona mu ishami ry’umuriro mu mujyi wa Oklahoma (OK) maze yoherezwa kuri sitasiyo idasanzwe. Ni inkeragutabara zigihugu zishinzwe kwandika no kuzimya umuriro, EMS, kwibiza no kwigisha tekinike. Ni umwarimu wa FDIC International akaba n'umuyobozi ushinzwe itsinda ry’ishakisha n’ubutabazi / impuguke mu gutabara kajugujugu mu itsinda ry’ishakisha n’ubutabazi rya OK-TF1.