Kubaka imiyoboro yububiko ntibishobora gukora ibikorwa 14 byimyanda yimyanda yo gufata neza?

Kubaka imiyoboro yububiko ntibishobora gukora ibikorwa 14 byimyanda yimyanda yo gufata neza?

Taboo 1: Iyo gusudira umuyoboro, impera itari yo y'umuyoboro nyuma yuko bombi bataba bari kumurongo umwe wo hagati, nta cyuho kiri kuri bombi, umuyoboro wurukuta wijimye ntukubiswe, n'ubugari n'uburebure bwa weld ubikora ntabwo yujuje ibisabwa kode yubwubatsi. Ingaruka: Impera itari yo yumuyoboro ntabwo iri mumurongo wo hagati igira ingaruka itaziguye kumiterere yo gusudira hamwe nubwiza bugaragara. Nta tandukaniro riri hagati yimpande zombi, umuyoboro wurukuta wijimye ntukubiswe, ubugari nuburebure bwa weld ntabwo byujuje ibisabwa byingufu zo gusudira. Ingero: Nyuma yo gusudira umuyoboro wumuyoboro, umuyoboro ntushobora kwibeshya, kumurongo wo hagati, byombi bigomba gusigara icyuho, umuyoboro wurukuta wijimye kugeza kumasuka, byongeyeho, ubugari nuburebure bwa weld bigomba kuba bikurikije
Oya-oya 1:
Iyo gusudira umuyoboro, impera itari yo y'umuyoboro nyuma yo guhuza byombi ntabwo iri kumurongo umwe wo hagati, nta cyuho kiri kuri bombi, umuyoboro wurukuta wijimye ntukubiswe, kandi ubugari n'uburebure bwa weld ntibihuye na ibisabwa mu gitabo cyubwubatsi.
Ingaruka:
Impera itari yo y'umuyoboro ntabwo iri mumurongo umwe wo hagati igira ingaruka itaziguye kumiterere yo gusudira hamwe nubwiza bugaragara. Nta tandukaniro riri hagati yimpande zombi, umuyoboro wurukuta wijimye ntukubiswe, ubugari nuburebure bwa weld ntabwo byujuje ibisabwa byingufu zo gusudira.
Ingamba:
Nyuma yo gusudira imiyoboro yombi, umuyoboro ntugomba kwibeshya, kandi ugomba kuba kumurongo wo hagati. Icyuho kigomba gusigara kuri bombi, kandi umuyoboro wurukuta wijimye ugomba gutoborwa. Mubyongeyeho, ubugari nuburebure bwikigozi cyo gusudira bigomba gusudira ukurikije ibisobanuro.
Oya-oya 2:
Kubikoresho byingenzi, ibikoresho nibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mubwubatsi, harabura kubura ibyangombwa bisuzumisha tekiniki cyangwa ibyemezo byujuje ubuziranenge bijyanye nibipimo byigihugu cyangwa bitatangajwe.
Ingaruka:
Ubwiza bwumushinga ntabwo bujuje ibisabwa, hariho impanuka zihishe, ntizishobora gutangwa kuri gahunda, zigomba gusubizwa uruganda; Tera umushinga gutinda, imbaraga nimbaraga ziyongera.
Ingamba:
Ibikoresho by'ibanze, ibikoresho n'ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu gutanga amazi no kuvoma no gushyushya no gukora isuku bigomba kuba byujuje ubuziranenge butangwa na leta cyangwa minisiteri y’ubuhanga bwa tekiniki yo gusuzuma cyangwa kwemeza ibicuruzwa; Izina ryibicuruzwa, icyitegererezo, ibisobanuro, code yubuziranenge bwigihugu, itariki yatangiweho, izina n’aho wabikoze, icyemezo cyubugenzuzi cyangwa kode yatanzwe.
Oya-oya 3:
Valve yuburyo bwo kwishyiriraho, moderi ntabwo yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa. Kurugero, igitutu cyizina cya valve kiri munsi yikigereranyo cya sisitemu; Iyo umurambararo wumuyoboro wamashami utanga amazi ari munsi ya 500mm, harakoreshwa valve yumuryango, kandi imiyoboro yumye kandi ihagaritse yo gushyushya amazi ashyushye ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byaciwe. Umuyoboro wokunywa pompe yumuriro ukoresha ikinyugunyugu.
Ingaruka:
Ingaruka kuri valve isanzwe ifungura no gufunga no guhindura kurwanya, igitutu nibindi bikorwa. Ndetse bitera sisitemu imikorere, valve yangiritse gusana ku gahato.
Ingamba:
Umenyereye kurwego rwo gusaba ubwoko bwubwoko bwose, hitamo ibisobanuro bya valve hamwe nicyitegererezo ukurikije igishushanyo mbonera. Umuvuduko wizina wa valve ugomba kuba wujuje ibisabwa nigitutu cya sisitemu. Ukurikije ibisabwa mu gitabo cyubwubatsi: umuyoboro wamazi utanga amazi ya diameter munsi cyangwa angana na 50mm ugomba gukoreshwa na valve yaciwe; Irembo ry'irembo rigomba gukoreshwa mugihe diameter ya pipe irenze 50mm. Amazi ashyushye ashyushya yumye, vertike igenzura igomba gukoresha valve yumuryango, umuyoboro wa pompe wumuriro ntugomba gukoresha ikinyugunyugu.
Taboo 4:
Flange na gasike yo guhuza imiyoboro ntabwo ikomeye bihagije, kandi guhuza bolt ni bigufi cyangwa binini bya diameter. Ibikoresho bya reberi bikoreshwa mu miyoboro yubushyuhe, padi ya asibesitosi ikoreshwa mu miyoboro ikonje y’amazi akonje, naho amakariso abiri cyangwa udupapuro twa bevel dukoreshwa hamwe na flangine yinjira mu muyoboro.
Ingaruka:
Igice cya Flange ntigikomeye, ndetse cyangiritse, ibintu byo kumeneka. Flange liner isohoka mu muyoboro, bizongera imbaraga zo guhangana.
Ingamba:
Imiyoboro ya flinges na gasketi bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa kugirango umushinga wogukora. Umurongo wa flange wumuyoboro ushyushya amazi ashyushye ugomba kuba reberi ya asibesitosi; Igikoresho cya flange cyo gutanga amazi nuyoboro wamazi bigomba kuba reberi. Igipapuro cya flange ntigishobora guturika mu muyoboro, kandi uruziga rwacyo rugana ku mwobo wa bolt birakwiye. Ikariso ya beveri cyangwa gasketi nyinshi ntibishobora gushyirwa hagati ya flange. Diameter ya bolt ihuza flange igomba kuba munsi ya 2mm kurenza aperture. Uburebure bwinkoni ya bolt isohoka igomba kuba ubunini bwimbuto. .
Oya-oya 5:
Umuyoboro ushyingurwa mu butaka bwakonje ndetse nubutaka bworoshye butavuwe, kandi umwanya hamwe nu mwanya wibiti bya pipe ntibikwiye, ndetse no muburyo bwamatafari yumye.
Ingaruka:
Bitewe n'inkunga idahwitse, umuyoboro wangiritse mugihe cyo gusubira inyuma kwisi, bikavamo kubungabunga imirimo.
Ingamba:
Umuyoboro ntushobora gushyingurwa mu butaka bwakonje ndetse nubutaka butavuwe neza, umwanya wibiti byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa nigitabo cyubwubatsi, kandi umusego winkunga ugomba kuba ukomeye, cyane cyane kumuyoboro w’imiyoboro, udashobora gutwara ingufu. Amatafari yamatafari agomba kubakwa icyondo cya sima kugirango habeho ubunyangamugayo no gushikama.
Oya-oya 6:
Mu gihe cy'itumba, hydrostatike ikorwa munsi yubushyuhe bubi.
Ingaruka:
Umuyoboro wahagaritse vuba mugihe cya hydrostatike.
Ingamba:
Gerageza gukora ibizamini bya hydrostatike mbere yo kubitangira imbeho, hanyuma uhumure amazi meza nyuma yikizamini cyumuvuduko, cyane cyane amazi yo muri valve agomba kuba *** net, naho ubundi valve izahagarika igikoma. Umushinga ugomba gukorwa mugihe cyizuba cya hydrostatike, kugirango ubushyuhe bwo murugo bube bwiza, nyuma yikizamini cyo guhuha amazi. Iyo hydrostatike ikizamini kidashobora gukorwa, ikizamini gishobora gukorwa numwuka uhumanye.
Oya-no 7:
Kwagura kwaguka gukoreshwa kugirango umutekano ushyigikwe ni ibikoresho bito, aperture yo kwaguka ni nini cyane, cyangwa ibyuma byo kwaguka byashyizwe kurukuta rw'amatafari cyangwa no kurukuta rworoshye.
Ingaruka:
Inkunga y'umuyoboro irekuye, guhindura imiyoboro, cyangwa kugwa.
Ingamba:
Kwagura bolt bigomba gutoranywa nkibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa. Nibiba ngombwa, bigomba gutondekwa kugirango bipimwe kandi bigenzurwe. Aperture yo kwaguka bolt ntigomba kurenza 2mm ya diametre yinyuma ya kwaguka.
Taboo 8:
Ikinyugunyugu kinyugunyugu hamwe na flange isanzwe.
Ingaruka:
Ikinyugunyugu cya kinyugunyugu nubunini busanzwe bwa flange buratandukanye, diameter imwe ya flange ni nto, kandi disiki ya kinyugunyugu nini nini, bigatuma idashobora gukingurwa cyangwa bigoye gufungura ibyangiritse.
Ingamba:
Flange igomba gutunganywa ukurikije ubunini nyabwo bwa kinyugunyugu valve flange.
Oya-no 9:
Ntugakore ubugenzuzi bukenewe ukurikije amabwiriza mbere yo gushiraho valve.
Ingaruka:
Guhindura valve ntabwo byoroshye mumikorere ya sisitemu, kandi ibintu byo kumeneka kwamazi (parike) ntabwo bifunze cyane, bikavamo gusana ibyakozwe ndetse bikagira ingaruka no gutanga amazi asanzwe (parike).
Ingamba:
Mbere yo gushiraho valve, imbaraga zumuvuduko nigeragezwa bigomba gukorwa. Mu kizamini, 10% yubunini bwa buri cyiciro (ikirango kimwe, ibisobanuro bimwe, icyitegererezo kimwe) bizasuzumwa ku bushake, kandi ntibiri munsi yimwe. Imiyoboro yumuzingi ifunze yashyizwe kumuyoboro munini hanyuma igacibwa igomba kugeragezwa kugirango imbaraga nubukomezi umwe umwe. Imbaraga za VALVE hamwe nigitutu cyikigereranyo kigomba kubahiriza “Amategeko yo Kwemerera Ubwubatsi bwo Kubaka Amazi, Amazi n’Ubushyuhe” (GB 50242-2002).
Oya-oya 10:
Hano nta mwobo wabitswe hamwe n'ibice byashyizwemo mu iyubakwa ry'inyubako, cyangwa ubunini bw'imyobo yabitswe ni nto kandi ibice byashyizwemo ntibirangwe.
Ingaruka:
Muri gahunda yo gushyushya no kubaka isuku, imiterere yinyubako iratoragurwa kandi igacibwa, ndetse nicyuma gishimangira kiracibwa, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka kumikorere yinyubako.
Ingamba:
Kumenyera ibishushanyo mbonera byubwubatsi bwubushyuhe nisuku, gufatanya cyane nu mwobo wabigenewe hamwe n’ibice byashyizwe mu iyubakwa ry’inyubako ukurikije ibikenerwa byo gushyiramo imiyoboro hamwe n’imanikwa zishyigikirwa, hanyuma ukoreshe ibisabwa kugira ngo ubone ibisobanuro birambuye.
Taboo 11:
Umwanda, amazi yimvura, umuyoboro wa kondensate ntukore ikizamini cyamazi gifunze bizakora guhisha.
Ingaruka:
Birashobora gutera amazi kumeneka, kandi bigatera igihombo kubakoresha.
Ingamba:
Ikizamini cy’amazi gifunze kigomba kugenzurwa no kwemerwa hakurikijwe ibisobanuro. Yashyinguwe mu nsi, imbere mu gisenge, hagati y'imiyoboro n'indi myanda yijimye, amazi y'imvura, umuyoboro wa kondensate kugirango hatabaho kumeneka.
Taboo 12:
Uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho ibiciro ntabwo aribyo. Kurugero, icyerekezo cyisi cyangwa kugenzura amazi ya valve (icyuka) icyerekezo gitandukanye nikimenyetso, uruti rwa valve rushyizwe hepfo, kwishyiriraho horizontal ya cheque ya valve yashyizwe muburyo buhagaritse, irembo ry irembo ryinkoni cyangwa ikinyugunyugu ntikifungura. , umwanya ufunze, igiti cya valve ntabwo kireba umuryango wubugenzuzi.
Ingaruka:
Kunanirwa na Valve, guhinduranya ingorane zo kubungabunga, valve stem hasi akenshi itera amazi kumeneka.
Ingamba:
Shyira MUBIKURIKIRA ukurikije amabwiriza yo kwishyiriraho valve, uburebure burebure bwa valve stem kwaguka kwugurura inkoni ya rugi ya valve itembera ikirenge, ikinyugunyugu kinyugunyugu gitekereza neza umwanya wizunguruka wikiganza, ubwoko bwubwoko bwose bwa valve ntibushobora kuba munsi yumwanya utambitse, kereka hepfo. Umuyoboro wihishe ntabwo ushyirwaho gusa kugirango uhuze gufungura no gufunga ibikenewe kumuryango wubugenzuzi, icyarimwe uruti rwa valve rugomba kwerekezwa kumuryango wubugenzuzi.
Taboo 13:
Mugihe igeragezwa ryingufu zamazi hamwe nigeragezwa rya sisitemu yo kuvoma, reba ihinduka ryumuvuduko wumuvuduko nurwego rwamazi, hanyuma urebe ko kumeneka bidahagije.
Ingaruka:
Kumeneka bibaho nyuma yimikorere ya sisitemu yimiyoboro, bigira ingaruka kumikoreshereze isanzwe.
Ingamba:
Ikizamini cy’amazi gifunze kigomba kugenzurwa no kwemerwa hakurikijwe ibisobanuro. Yashyinguwe mu nsi, imbere mu gisenge, hagati y'imiyoboro n'indi myanda yijimye, amazi y'imvura, umuyoboro wa kondensate kugirango hatabaho kumeneka.
Taboo 14:
Mbere yo kurangiza imiyoboro ya sisitemu yo gutembera ntabwo ikomeye, umuvuduko w umuvuduko n'umuvuduko ntibishobora kuzuza ibisabwa byo gutembera imiyoboro. Ndetse n'umuvuduko w'amazi imbaraga zipima amazi aho gutemba.
Ingaruka:
Ubwiza bw’amazi ntabwo bujuje ibisabwa kugirango imikorere ya sisitemu ikorwe, akenshi itera no kugabanya igice cyumuyoboro cyangwa guhagarika.
Ingamba:
Kwoza hamwe n'umuvuduko ukabije w'umutobe muri sisitemu cyangwa umuvuduko w'amazi utari munsi ya 3m / s. Ibara ry'amazi no gukorera mu mucyo bigomba kuba bihuye n'ibara ry'amazi no gukorera mu mucyo w'amazi yinjira nkuko byujujwe no kugenzura.
Umuyoboro wimyanda ya valve uburyo bwo kubungabunga?
Ikibazo: Umuyoboro wimyanda wamazi uburyo bwo kubungabunga?
Igisubizo: Sitasiyo yimyanda hari imiyoboro yubwoko bwose, imiyoboro yikirere, imiyoboro yimyanda, nayo ifite umuyoboro w’amazi, bimwe byashyizwe hasi, bimwe byashyizwe munsi yubutaka, mugikorwa cyo gukora bigomba kwemeza ko imiyoboro itemba cyane cyane mugihe cy'itumba , buri gihe ugenzure imiyoboro yo hanze, igihe cyamazi cyumuyaga mwumuyaga, ntagikorwa cyumuyoboro wumwanda hamwe numuyoboro wamazi wo kumena imiyoboro. Ntugahagarike umuyoboro wamazi muzima, umuyoboro wamazi wapfuye ubusa, amazi yumuyaga buri gihe.
Sisitemu yo gutunganya imyanda itwara umwanda, umuyoboro wamazi, nyuma yo kuyishyiraho, kugirango ukore imiti yubushyuhe bwumuriro, cyane cyane valve yibanda kumashanyarazi yumuriro, kugirango idakonja mugihe cyitumba.