Equipment Basic Management "Leakage"

Kasamalidwe ka kupanga kotetezeka komanso kotukuka kumaphatikizapo kutayikira kwamafuta, kutulutsa madzi, kutuluka kwa nthunzi, kutulutsa utsi, kutulutsa phulusa, kutulutsa kwa malasha, kutulutsa kwaufa ndi kutulutsa mpweya, zomwe timazitcha "kuthamanga, kutulutsa, kudontha ndi kutuluka". Lero, tikufotokozera mwachidule njira zodzitetezera za "kuthamanga, kutulutsa, kudontha ndi kutuluka" kuti tifotokoze. I zodzitetezera madzi ndi nthunzi kutayikira mavavu. 1. Mavavu onse ayenera kukhala pansi pa mayesero osiyanasiyana a hydrostatic test atalowa mu zomera. 2. Mavavu omwe akufunika kuphwanyidwa kuti asamalidwe akuyenera kukhala pansi. 3. Pokonzekera, m'pofunika kuyang'anitsitsa ngati kulongedza kuwonjezeredwa komanso ngati chilonda chonyamula chikumangika. 4. Musanayambe kuyika valavu, fufuzani ngati pali fumbi, mchenga, iron oxide ndi zina zambiri mkati mwa valve. Ngati pali zina mwazomwe zili pamwambazi, ziyenera kutsukidwa musanakhazikitsidwe. 5. Mavavu onse ayenera kukhala ndi gasket wa kalasi lolingana pamaso kukhazikitsa. 6. Mukayika chitseko cha flange, zomangira ziyenera kumangika. Mukamangitsa mabawuti a flange, amayenera kulumikizidwa motsatana motsatana. 7. Pogwiritsa ntchito ma valve, ma valve onse ayenera kuikidwa molondola malinga ndi dongosolo ndi kupanikizika, ndipo kuika mwachisawawa ndi kusakaniza kumaletsedwa. Ma valve onse ayenera kuwerengedwa ndi kulembedwa molingana ndi dongosolo asanakhazikitsidwe. II Kusamala pakutayikira kwa malasha opunthidwa. 1. Ma flanges onse ayenera kuikidwa ndi zipangizo zosindikizira. 2. Malo omwe amatha kutulutsa ufa ndi valavu ya malasha polowera ndi kutuluka kwa pulverizer, chodyera malasha, flange ya wopanga, ndi mbali zonse zokhala ndi flange. Pachifukwa ichi, mbali zonse za zipangizo za opanga onse omwe ali okonzeka kutaya ufa ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mozama, ndipo omwe alibe zipangizo zosindikizira adzawonjezedwa kawiri, ndipo zomangirazo zidzayimitsidwa. 3. Zotsatirazi zidzatengedwa chifukwa kutayikira kwa malasha pulverized pa mphambano welded wa pulverized malasha chitoliro. 3.1 pamaso kuwotcherera, malo kuwotcherera ayenera mosamala opukutidwa kuti zitsulo luster ndi poyambira chofunika kuwotcherera. 3.2 musanayambe kulumikizana kwa matako, chilolezo cholumikizira matako chiyenera kusungidwa ndipo kukakamizidwa kwa matako ndikoletsedwa. 3.3 zida zowotcherera ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, ndipo kutentha kumayenera kuchitika ngati kumafunikira nyengo yozizira. III Njira zodzitetezera pakuwonongeka kwadongosolo lamafuta ndi kutayikira kwamafuta. 1. Poika mapaipi amafuta, zolumikizira zonse za flange kapena zolumikizira zomangira zokhala ndi ulusi wopota ziyenera kukhala ndi mphira wosamva mafuta kapena padi yaasibesito yosamva mafuta. 2. Malo otayira a mafuta amakhazikika kwambiri pa flange ndi mgwirizano ndi ulusi, kotero ma bolts ayenera kumangika mofanana poika flange. Pewani kutayikira kapena kutayikira. 3. Pokonzekera mafuta, ogwira ntchito yosamalira ayenera kumamatira nthawi zonse ku malo ogwirira ntchito, ndipo ndizoletsedwa kuchoka pamtengowo ndikudutsa positi. 4. Imitsani fyuluta yamafuta musanasinthe pepala losefera mafuta. 5. Mukayika chitoliro cholumikizira mafuta osakhalitsa (chitoliro champhamvu cha pulasitiki chowonekera kwambiri), cholumikiziracho chiyenera kumangidwa mwamphamvu ndi waya wotsogolera kuti mafuta asadumphe pambuyo poti fyulutayo yatha kwa nthawi yayitali. IV. kuletsa zida ndi zida za chitoliro kuti zisatuluke thovu, kutulutsa, kudontha ndi kutuluka, ndi njira zotsatirazi zodzitetezera: Pakusindikiza gasket pamwamba pa 1.2.5mpa, gasket yokhotakhota yachitsulo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. 2.1.0mpa-2.5mpa flange gasket adzakhala asbestos gasket ndi utoto ndi wakuda wotsogolera ufa. 3.1.0mpa madzi mapaipi flange gasket adzakhala mphira gasket ndi utoto ndi wakuda lead ufa. 4. Kulongedza kwa mpope wamadzi kudzakhala kulongedza kwa Teflon kompositi. 5. Chingwe cha asibesitosi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zigawo zosindikizira za utsi ndi mapaipi a malasha a mpweya ziyenera kupindika ndikuwonjezedwa pamalo olumikizana bwino nthawi imodzi. Ndizoletsedwa kuti muwonjezere mwamphamvu mutatha kulimbitsa zomangira. V. zotsatirazi ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti athetse kutuluka kwamkati kwa valve: (zotsatirazi ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti valavu isawonongeke) 1. Ikani payipi, yeretsani sikelo ya iron oxide ndi khoma lamkati la payipi. popanda masinthidwe, ndipo onetsetsani kuti khoma lamkati la payipi ndi loyera. 2. Onetsetsani kuti ma valve omwe akulowa pamalowa ayenera kuyesedwa 100% hydrostatic test. 3. Ma valve onse (kupatula valve yolowera) adzaphwanyidwa kuti awonedwe, akupera ndi kukonzanso, ndipo zolemba ndi zizindikiro zidzapangidwa kuti zitheke. Ma valve ofunikira adzalembedwa mwatsatanetsatane kuti avomerezedwe kachiwiri, kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za "stamping, kuyendera ndi kujambula". ❖ Ngati mwaphonya, chifukwa chiyani? (1) kukhudzana pakati pa magawo otsegula ndi otseka ndi malo awiri osindikizira a mpando wa valve; (2) malo oyenera kulongedza katundu, tsinde ndi stuffing bokosi; (3) kugwirizana pakati pa thupi la valve ndi bonnet Kutuluka koyamba kumatchedwa kutayika kwamkati, ndiko kuti, valavu sitsekedwa mwamphamvu, zomwe zidzakhudza mphamvu ya valavu kudula pakati. Kutulutsa kuwiri komaliza kumatchedwa leakage, ndiko kuti, kutulutsa kwapakati kuchokera mkati kupita kunja kwa valve. Kutayikira kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa zinthu, kuwononga chilengedwe komanso ngozi.