Vuga itandukaniro riri hagati yimpimbano zometseho ibyuma byububiko bwibyuma byubwoko bwincamake

Vuga itandukaniro riri hagati yibyuma byahimbwe nibyuma byuma byuma bitagira umuyonga wubwoko bwincamake Ubwoko bwicyuma Ibyuma bivuga ubwoko bwibyuma byose byakozwe muburyo bwo guta. Ubwoko bwa casting. Ibyuma bikozwemo bigabanyijemo ibyiciro bitatu: ibyuma bya karubone, ibyuma bito bito hamwe nicyuma kidasanzwe. Ibyuma bikoreshwa cyane cyane mugukora imiterere igoye, bigoye guhimba cyangwa gukata kandi bisaba imbaraga nyinshi nibice bya plastike. Guhimba ibyuma bivuga ibikoresho bitandukanye byo guhimba no kwibagirwa byakozwe nuburyo bwo guhimba. Ibice by'ibyuma byahimbwe bifite ubuziranenge burenze ibice byibyuma, birashobora kwihanganira ingaruka nini, plastike, ubukana nibindi bintu byubukanishi nabyo birarenze ibyuma byuma, bityo ibice byose byimashini bigomba gukorwa mubice byibyuma. Ibyuma bikozwe mubyuma bivuga ubwoko bwose bwibyuma bikozwe muburyo bwo gutara. Ubwoko bwa casting. Ibyuma bikozwemo bigabanyijemo ibyiciro bitatu: ibyuma bya karubone, ibyuma bito bito hamwe nicyuma kidasanzwe. Ibyuma bikoreshwa cyane cyane mugukora imiterere igoye, bigoye guhimba cyangwa gukata kandi bisaba imbaraga nyinshi nibice bya plastike. Guhimba ibyuma bivuga ibikoresho bitandukanye byo guhimba no kwibagirwa byakozwe nuburyo bwo guhimba. Ibice by'ibyuma byahimbwe bifite ubuziranenge burenze ibice byibyuma, birashobora kwihanganira ingaruka nini, plastike, ubukana nibindi bintu byubukanishi nabyo birarenze ibyuma byuma, bityo ibice byose byimashini bigomba gukorwa mubice byibyuma. Icyuma gihimbano nicyuma gitandukanya ibyuma: Ubwiza bwibyuma byahimbwe nibyiza kuruta ibyuma byuma, birashobora kwihanganira imbaraga nini, plastike, ubukana nibindi bintu byubukanishi biruta ibyuma, ariko diameter nominal ni ugereranije ni muto, muri rusange muri DN50 hepfo. Urwego rwo guta umuvuduko wurwego ruri hasi cyane, rusanzwe rukoreshwa numuvuduko wizina kuri PN16, PN25, PN40, 150LB-900LB. Ibyiciro by'icyuma gihimbano: PN100, PN160, PN320, 1500LB-3500LB, nibindi. Gutera ni ibintu byamazi, kandi guhimba nuburyo bwo guhindura ibintu bya plastike, guhimba gukora igihangano gishobora guteza imbere imiterere yimbere yumuryango, imitungo myiza yubukanishi, ingano imwe, igihangano cyingenzi kigomba guhimbwa, gukina bizatera amacakubiri, inenge zubuyobozi, byanze bikunze, gukina bifite ibyiza bye, gukora ibihangano bigoye gukora byoroshye ntabwo byoroshye gufungura ifu, yafashe casting. Impimbano yo guhimba (ibyuma byahimbwe) Intangiriro: 1. Guhimba birashobora kugabanywamo: (1) Uburyo bwo gufunga (gupfa). Impimbano irashobora kugabanywamo ibice byo gupfa, guhimba kuzunguruka, umutwe ukonje, gukuramo, nibindi. Ukurikije ubushyuhe bwa deformasiyo, irashobora kugabanywamo ubukonje bukonje (ubushyuhe bwo guhimba nubushyuhe busanzwe), guhimba ubushyuhe (ubushyuhe bwo guhimba buri munsi yubushyuhe bwa reystallisation yicyuma cyambaye ubusa) hamwe nubushyuhe bushyushye (ubushyuhe bwo guhimba buri hejuru yubushyuhe bwa recrystallisation). (2) Fungura impimbano (guhimba kubuntu). Hariho uburyo bubiri bwo guhimba intoki no guhimba imashini. Icyuma cyambaye ubusa gishyirwa hagati ya hepfo na hepfo ya anvil (icyuma) kandi imbaraga zingaruka cyangwa igitutu bikoreshwa muguhindura icyuma ubusa kugirango ubone imbabazi zisabwa. 2, guhimba nikimwe mubice bibiri bigize guhimba, umutwaro wubukanishi ni mwinshi, akazi gakomeye k’ibice byingenzi, gukoresha kwibagirwa, imiterere yibice byoroshye biboneka byo gusudira, usibye icyapa cyerekana. Gusudira umwobo no guta ibikoresho byuma birashobora gukurwaho no guhimba. 3, guhitamo neza kugereranya ibipimo kugirango uzamure ibicuruzwa no kugabanya ibiciro bifite isano ikomeye. Ibikoresho byo guhimba ni ibyuma bya karubone, ibyuma bidafite ingese hamwe nicyuma. Ikigereranyo cyo guhimba bivuga igipimo cyibice byambukiranya igice cyicyuma mbere yo guhindurwa nigice cyurupfu nyuma yo guhinduka. Imiterere yumwimerere yibikoresho irimo ingot, akabari, ibyuma byamazi nifu yicyuma. 4. Imiterere yubukanishi bwo kwibagirwa muri rusange iruta iy'ibikoresho bimwe. Guhimba nuburyo bwo gutunganya kugirango ubone imiterere nubunini runaka hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwubukanishi ukoresheje igitutu cyicyuma cyambaye ubusa hamwe nogukora imashini kugirango ukore ibyuma bidafite umusaruro uhindura plastike. Gukata valve (guta ibyuma) 1, hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa casting, ukurikije uburyo bwo kwerekana imiterere yumucanga usanzwe hamwe no guterera bidasanzwe: ing Gutera umucanga usanzwe, harimo umucanga wumye, umucanga utose hamwe numucanga ukomantaye wubwoko 3. . Gukora bidasanzwe hamwe nicyuma nkibikoresho byo guteramo, harimo: guteramo igitutu, guta ibyuma, gutera umuvuduko muke, guhora utera, guterana hagati ya centrifugal, nibindi. , guta ibyondo, guta ingufu mbi, guta ceramic, nibindi 2. Gutera ni ubwoko bwicyuma gishyushye gikora. Umusaruro wa casting ufite uburyo bwiza bwubukanishi, guhuza kwinshi kwumusaruro wa casting, nigiciro gito. 3. Gukina ninzira yibanze yinganda zikora imashini zigezweho. Nugushonga icyuma mumazi hanyuma ukagisuka mubibumbano. 4. Igikorwa cyo gutoranya gikubiyemo: igabanijwemo ubwoko bwakoreshwa, ubwoko bwinshi nubwoko bwigihe kirekire, gushushanya ibishushanyo ukurikije ibikoresho: ubwoko bwicyuma, ubwoko bwumucanga, ubwoko bwibyondo, ubwoko bwa ceramic, ubwoko bwa grafite, nibindi. , ibyuma bya karubone nicyuma, nibindi.; . . imashini, itanura rya metallurgiki, imashini ibumba, imashini ivanga umucanga, imashini iturika, nibindi) byinshi. 6. Ibyuma bikozwemo bigabanijwemo ibyiciro bitatu: ibyuma bya karubone, ibyuma bito bito bito hamwe nicyuma kidasanzwe. ① Fata ibyuma bya karubone. Shira ibyuma hamwe na karubone nkibintu nyamukuru bivanga hamwe nubundi buke bwibindi bintu. Ibirimo bya karubone biri munsi ya 0.2% yo guta ibyuma bya karubone nkeya, ibirimo karubone 0.2% ~ 0.5% yo gutera ibyuma bya karubone buciriritse, ibirimo karubone birenga 0.5% byo gutera ibyuma bya karubone. Hamwe no kwiyongera kwa karubone, imbaraga nubukomezi bwibyuma bya karubone byiyongera. Ibyuma bya karubone bifite imbaraga nyinshi, plastike nubukomezi, bidahenze, bikoreshwa mumashini aremereye kugirango bikore ibice bitwara imizigo minini, nk'imashini izunguruka, imashini itanga hydraulic, nibindi. Ingaruka zifata ibice nk umusego, ikadiri yuruhande, ibiziga hamwe na coupler, nibindi ② Gutera ibyuma bito bito. Shira ibyuma birimo manganese, chromium, umuringa nibindi bintu bivanga. Umubare wibintu byose bivangavanze muri rusange ntabwo biri munsi ya 5%, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kandi birashobora kubona ibikoresho byiza byifashishwa mukuvura ubushyuhe. Gutera ibyuma bito bito bifite imikorere myiza kuruta ibyuma bya karubone, birashobora kugabanya ubwiza bwibice, kuzamura ubuzima bwa serivisi. Gutera ibyuma bidasanzwe. Amashanyarazi avanze yatunganijwe neza kugirango ahuze ibikenewe bidasanzwe ni ubwoko butandukanye, mubisanzwe burimo ikintu kimwe cyangwa byinshi birebire bivanga kugirango ubone umutungo runaka. Kurugero, ibyuma bya manganese birebire birimo 11% ~ 14% manganese irashobora kwihanganira kwambara, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubice bidashobora kwangirika byimashini zicukura nubushakashatsi. Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga hamwe na chromium cyangwa chromium nikel nkibintu nyamukuru bivangavanze, bikoreshwa mu kwangirika cyangwa mu bushyuhe bwo hejuru hejuru ya 650 parts ibice bikora, nkimibiri ya valve chimique, pompe, kontineri cyangwa inzu nini y’amashanyarazi ya turbine. Incamake yubwoko bwananiwe kumashanyarazi yamashanyarazi yamenetse Ubuso bwa kashe ya valve idafite ibyuma ahanini ni ibyuma bitagira umwanda. Mubikorwa byo gusya, kubera guhitamo nabi ibikoresho byo gusya hamwe nuburyo bwo gusya butari bwo, ntibigabanya gusa umusaruro wibikorwa bya valve, ahubwo binagira ingaruka kumiterere yibicuruzwa. Ukurikije ibiranga ibikoresho byuma bidafite umwanda, guhitamo ibikoresho bifite imbaraga nyinshi zumurimo no kwihanganira kwambara, no mugutunganya gusya bikabije bigira ingaruka kumiterere yibicuruzwa. Umuyoboro wibikorwa byo gusya ni mbere ya byose kubisya ibikoresho byo gusya, hanyuma ubifashijwemo nuduce duto two gusya hamwe no gusya amazi avanze agizwe no gusya kugirango agere ku ntego yo gusya. Imbaraga zo gusya bivuga imbaraga zikora kumurongo usya hejuru yubuso, bukoreshwa kubikoresho nimbaraga zikora hejuru yubutaka butunganijwe binyuze mubice byangiza. Niba igitutu ari gito cyane, ingaruka zo gusya ni nto cyane. Ubwiyongere bwumuvuduko, ingaruka zo gusya zizamurwa, kandi gusya bizanozwa. Nyamara, iyo igitutu cyiyongereye ku gaciro runaka, ibintu byo kwiyuzuzamo bibaho, kandi gusya neza muri rusange bigera ku giciro kinini. Niba igitutu kuri buri gice gikomeje kwiyongera, imikorere iragabanuka. Ikibazo cyo kumeneka ibyuma bitagira umuyonga ntigishobora gusuzugurwa, dukora incamake ntoya yibibazo bikurikira, ndizera ko bizagufasha muburyo bwawe bwo gukoresha: 1. Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bihuza Icyuma Mbere ya byose, birakenewe kugenzura niba valve na valve ihuza bolt irakomeye. Niba bidakomeye, impeta ya gasike hamwe nuburinganire bwa flange bifunze neza ntabwo bihujwe neza, akenshi biganisha kumeneka. Reba ibihindu hamwe nutubuto bikurikiranye kandi ushimangire ibisate byose kugeza impeta ya gasike ifunze cyane. Icya kabiri, ingano nukuri kwimpeta ya gasketi hamwe na flange bifunga hejuru ya groove bigomba kugenzurwa. Niba kashe yubuso bwa kashe iribeshya cyangwa ikabije, impeta ya gasike igomba gusanwa cyangwa kuvugururwa. Byongeye kandi, reba niba hari ruswa, umwobo wumucanga, umwobo wumusenyi cyangwa umwanda hejuru yimpeta ya gasike hamwe na flange ya kashe. Niba hari inenge nkiyi, igomba gusanwa, gusanwa cyangwa gusukurwa uko bikwiye. 2. Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga bitwikiriye ibyuma bitwikiriye neza, bigaragarira cyane cyane no kumeneka kashe. Mbere ya byose, reba niba kashe yatoranijwe neza kandi niba ihuye na kashe ya kashe. Niba hari ibibazo nkibi, simbuza impeta ya kashe cyangwa usane igikuta. Icya kabiri, reba niba ibice bifunga ibimenyetso bigaragara burr, kuvunika, torsion nibindi bintu, uru rubanza rwo gusimbuza ibice. Wongeyeho, genzura niba ubuso bwa kashe ya buri kashe ya kashe itoroshye cyangwa ifite izindi nenge. Niba hari inenge, inenge zigomba kuvaho cyangwa ibice byangiritse bigomba kuvugururwa. Igifuniko cya valve cyangwa bracket ifite ipaki kugirango ifunzwe na compression. Kwishyiriraho ibyo gupakira bigomba kugenzurwa. Niba bigaragaye ko gupakira hejuru no hepfo byashyizwe hejuru, bigomba kuvaho no kongera gushyirwaho muburyo bukwiye. Byongeye kandi, reba niba ubusobanuro bwikibanza cyo guhuza kashe bujuje ibisabwa. 3. Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga umubiri wa cavity ikwiye kumeneka neza Valve umubiri mugikorwa cyo gukina, rimwe na rimwe hazaba hari umwobo wumucanga, umwobo wumucanga nizindi nenge ziterwa, biragoye kuboneka mugikorwa cyo gutunganya, iyo igitutu kimaze gukoreshwa, guterana byihishe inenge zizashyirwa ahagaragara. Muri iki kibazo, birakenewe gusana gusudira, gusana cyangwa kuvugurura. 4. Icyuma kitagira icyuma cyicaro cya plaque yamenetse Kumeneka kumwanya wicyicaro nikintu gikunze kugaragara mugihe ushyizeho cyangwa utanga serivise. Mubisanzwe, irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: kimwe nikidodo cyo hejuru gifunga, ikindi nikidodo cyimpeta yamenetse. Mbere ya byose, hagomba kugenzurwa neza neza ibimenyetso bifatika bifatika hagati yintebe na plaque ya valve. Ubuso bwa kashe bugomba kuba byibuze hasi. Niba ubuso busobanutse neza ko bugoye cyane, bugomba gukurwaho no kongera hasi. Icya kabiri, genzura niba hari ibyobo, indentation, umwobo wumucanga, uduce ndetse nizindi nenge hejuru yikimenyetso. Muri iki kibazo, isahani ya valve cyangwa intebe igomba gusimburwa. Ku cyicaro hamwe nigitutu cyumuvuduko, ubworoherane bwamasoko yumuvuduko bigomba kugenzurwa kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa. Niba elastique igabanutse, igitutu cyumuvuduko kigomba kuvugururwa. Byongeye kandi, reba niba T-ihuza ihuza isahani ya valve nigiti cya valve irekuye cyane, bikavamo guhinduranya icyapa cya valve mugikorwa cyo kwikuramo. Muri iki gihe, isahani ya valve igomba gukurwaho kandi igahinduka mubunini bukwiye. Gufungura imbere mumubiri wa valve biroroshye kwinjira mubugenzuzi bwo gusudira, gushiramo ibyuma, umwanda nizindi nzego zamahanga mugihe cyo kuyishyiraho. Imirasire nkiyi igomba gusukurwa mbere yo kuyishyiraho. Niba wibagiwe gusukura cyangwa gusukura bitari byiza, bizatera isahani ya valve gufunga munsi yuburebure bwateganijwe no kumeneka, muriki gihe, kura umubiri wa valve kugirango wongere usukure. Intebe idafite ibyuma idafite intebe igomba gushyirwaho nigikoresho cyiza cyo kwishyiriraho, kandi intebe igomba kugenzurwa kugirango irebe ko yashyizwe mu mwanya. Niba urudodo rudacometse ku bujyakuzimu bwifuzwa, hazabaho kumeneka ku ntebe. Muri iki kibazo, intebe igomba kongera gushyirwaho hamwe nibikoresho byiza.