Izixhobo zolawulo olusisiseko "ukuvuza"

Ulawulo lwemveliso ekhuselekileyo nephucukileyo ibandakanya ukuvuza kwe-oyile, ukuvuza kwamanzi, ukuvuza komphunga, ukuvuza komsi, ukuvuza kothuthu, ukuvuza kwamalahle, ukuvuza komgubo kunye nokuvuza kwegesi, nto leyo esiyibiza ngokuba “kukubaleka, ukukhupha, ukuvuza nokuvuza”. Namhlanje, sishwankathela imilinganiselo yokuthintela "yokubaleka, ukukhupha, ukuvuza nokuvuza" ukuze kubhekiselwe kuyo. Imilinganiselo yokuthintela yokuvuza kwamanzi kunye nomphunga weevalvu. 1. Zonke iivalve kufuneka zibe phantsi kwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo ovavanyo lwe-hydrostatic emva kokungena kwisityalo. 2. Iivalvu ezifuna ukuqhawulwa ukuze zilungiswe mazicolwe. 3. Kwinkqubo yokugcinwa, kuyimfuneko ukujonga ngokucophelela ukuba ukupakishwa kufakwe kunye nokuba i-gland yokupakisha iqinisiwe. 4. Ngaphambi kokufakwa kwevalve, khangela ukuba kukho uthuli, isanti, i-iron oxide kunye nezinye ii-sandries ngaphakathi kwevalve. Ukuba kukho naziphi na ezi zingentla, kufuneka zicocwe phambi kofakelo. 5. Zonke iivalve kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngegasket yebakala elingqinelanayo phambi kokufakwa. 6. Xa ufaka umnyango we-flange, i-fasteners kufuneka iqiniswe. Xa uqinisa iibholiti ze-flange, kufuneka ziqiniswe kwi-symmetrical direction. 7. Kwinkqubo yokufakela i-valve, zonke iivalve kufuneka zifakwe ngokuchanekileyo ngokwenkqubo kunye noxinzelelo, kwaye ukufakela okungahleliwe kunye nokuxutywa kunqatshelwe ngokungqongqo. Zonke iivalvu kufuneka zifakwe iinombolo kwaye zirekhodwe ngokwesistim phambi kokufakwa. II Izilumkiso zokuvuza kwamalahle acoliweyo. 1. Zonke iiflange kufuneka zifakwe kunye nezinto zokutywina. 2. Iindawo ezithanda ukuvuza ngumgubo yivalve yamalahle kwindawo yokungena kunye nokuphuma kwesixhobo sokucoca, i-coal feeder, iflange yomenzi, kunye nazo zonke iindawo ezinoqhagamshelo lweflange. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, zonke iinxalenye zezixhobo zabo bonke abavelisi abazimisele ukuvuza umgubo baya kuhlolwa ngokubanzi, kwaye abo bangenazo izinto zokutywinwa baya kudibaniswa kabini, kwaye i-fasteners iya kuqiniswa. 3. La manyathelo alandelayo aya kuthathwa ukuvuza kwamalahle acoliweyo kwindawo edityanisiweyo yombhobho wamalahle odiliziweyo. 3.1 phambi kwe-welding, indawo ye-welding kufuneka icocwe ngokucophelela kwi-metallic luster kunye ne-groove efunekayo kwi-welding. 3.2 phambi kokudibana kwempundu, indawo edityanisiweyo yempundu kufuneka igcinwe kwaye idityaniswe ngenkani yempundu ithintelwe ngokungqongqo. 3.3 izinto ze-welding kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye ukufudumala kufuneka kuqhutywe njengoko kufunwa kwimozulu ebanda. III Amanyathelo okuthintela ukuvuza kweoyile kunye nokuvuza kweoli. 1. Ngexesha lofakelo lombhobho we-oyile, onke amalungu e-flange okanye adityanisiweyo anomsonto ojijwayo kufuneka axhotyiswe ngephedi yerabha ekwaziyo ukumelana ne-oyile okanye iphedi ye-asbestos ekwaziyo ukumelana ne-oyile. 2. Amanqaku okuvuza kwenkqubo yeoli agxininiswe kakhulu kwi-flange kunye nomanyano kunye nentambo, ngoko ke iibholiti kufuneka ziqiniswe ngokulinganayo xa ufaka i-flange. Thintela ukuvuza okanye ukukhululeka. 3. Kwinkqubo yokucoca ioli, abasebenzi bokulondoloza kufuneka bahlale benamathele kwisithuba somsebenzi, kwaye kuvinjelwe ngokungqongqo ukushiya isithuba kwaye bawele isithuba. 4. Misa isihluzo se-oyile phambi kokutshintsha iphepha lokucoca i-oyile. 5. Xa ufaka umbhobho wokudibanisa i-oyile yethutyana (i-plastic high-high-high-high-plastic transparent hose), i-joint kufuneka iboshwe ngokuqinileyo ngocingo olukhokelela ukukhusela i-oyile ukuba ingatsiki emva kokuba isihluzo se-oyile sihamba ixesha elide. IV. ukuthintela izixhobo kunye nokufakwa kwemibhobho ekubeni igwebu, ikhuphe, ivuze kwaye ivuze, ngala manyathelo othintelo alandelayo: Kwi-flange yokutywina i-gasket ngaphezulu kwe-1.2.5mpa, i-metal winding gasket iya kusetyenziswa. I-2.1.0mpa-2.5mpa flange gasket iya kuba yi-asbestos gasket kwaye ipeyintwe ngomgubo omnyama welothe. 3.1.0mpa umbhobho wamanzi we-flange gasket iya kuba yirabha yegasket kwaye ipeyintwe ngomgubo omnyama welothe. 4. Ukupakishwa kwempompo yamanzi kuya kuba yiTeflon composite packing. 5. Intambo ye-asbestos esetyenziswa kwiindawo zokutywina zomsi kunye nemibhobho yamalahle yomoya iya kuphothwa kwaye yongezwe kumphezulu odibeneyo ngokutyibilikayo ngexesha elinye. Kunqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukuyongeza ngamandla emva kokuqinisa izikhonkwane. V. la manyathelo alandelayo aya kuthathwa ukuphelisa ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kwevalve: (la manyathelo alandelayo aya kuthathwa ukuthintela ukuvuza kwevalve) 1. Fakela umbhobho, coca isikali se-iron oxide kunye nodonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho. ngaphandle kwee-sundries, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba udonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho lucocekile. 2. Qinisekisa ukuba iivalvu ezingena kwindawo kufuneka zibe phantsi kovavanyo lwe-100% lwe-hydrostatic. 3. Zonke iivalve (ngaphandle kwevalve yokungena) ziya kuqhawulwa ukuze zihlolwe, zisilwe kwaye zigcinwe, kwaye iirekhodi kunye namanqaku aya kwenzelwa ukulandeleka. Iivalvu ezibalulekileyo ziya kudweliswa ngokweenkcukacha ukwamkelwa okwesibini, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno "zesitampu, ukuhlolwa nokurekhoda". ❖ ukuba iphosiwe, ngoba? (1) uqhagamshelwano phakathi kweendawo zokuvula nokuvala kunye nemiphezulu emibini yokutywina yesitulo sevalvu; (2) indawo efanelekileyo yokupakisha, isiqu kunye nebhokisi yokufaka; (3) uqhagamshelo phakathi komzimba wevalve kunye nebhonethi Ukuvuza kwangaphambili kubizwa ngokuba kukuvuza kwangaphakathi, oko kukuthi, ivalve ayivalwanga ngqingqwa, okuya kuchaphazela amandla evalve ukunqumla okuphakathi. Ukuvuza kubini kokugqibela kubizwa ngokuba kukuvuza, oko kukuthi, ukuvuza okuphakathi ukusuka ngaphakathi ukuya ngaphandle kwevalve. Ukuvuza kuya kubangela ilahleko yezinto eziphathekayo, ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo kunye neengozi.