Mavharuvhu emagetsi anofanirwa kutariswa semibvunzo Mashandisiro emagetsi mavharuvhu nemazvo

Mavharuvhu emagetsi anofanirwa kutariswa mibvunzo Mashandisiro emagetsi mavharuvhu zvakarurama Mukugadzira pombi yeinjiniya yemaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana, kusarudzwa kwakarurama kwemavharuvhu emagetsi ndeimwe yezvinodiwa kuti zvizadzise zvinodiwa nemamiriro ekushanda. Kana kusarudzwa kwevhavha yemagetsi inoshandiswa kusina kukodzera, hazvizokanganisa kushandiswa kwe, asiwo kuunza migumisiro yakaipa kana kurasikirwa kwakanyanya, saka, magetsi emagetsi anofanirwa kusarudzwa zvakarurama mukugadzirwa kwepipeline engineering. Kutanga, nzvimbo yekushanda yemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi Mukuwedzera kune zviyero zvepombi, valve yemagetsi inofanira kubhadhara zvakanyanya kune nzvimbo yekushanda yepombi. Nemhaka yokuti chigadziro chemagetsi muvhavha yemagetsi inyanzvi yemagetsi uye magetsi, mamiriro ayo ekushanda anonyanya kukanganiswa nemamiriro ayo ekushanda. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, valve yemagetsi munzvimbo yekushanda ine zvinotevera 11 marudzi: 1. Kuiswa kwemukati kana kushandiswa kwekunze nemaitiro ekudzivirira; 2, kuiswa kwekunze, mhepo, jecha, mvura, kupenya kwezuva uye kumwe kuora; 3, ine moto, gasi rinoputika kana guruva nharaunda; 4, nzvimbo inopisa uye ine mwando, yakaoma nzvimbo dzinopisa; 5, tembiricha yepiipi yepakati yakakwira kusvika 480 ℃ kana pamusoro; 6, tembiricha iri pazasi -20 ℃; 7. Zviri nyore kunyudzwa kana kunyudzwa mumvura; 8, ine radioactive zvinhu (nuclear power plant uye radioactive material test equipment) nharaunda; 9. Mamiriro ezvinhu pachikepe kana dock (nemunyu spray, mold, wet); 10, ine zviitiko zvechisimba zvekudengenyeka; 11, inowanzoitika nguva dzemoto; Nokuda kwevhavha yemagetsi munharaunda iri pamusoro, maitiro ayo emagetsi emagetsi, zvinhu uye matanho ekudzivirira zvakasiyana. Nokudaro, iyo inoenderana valve yemagetsi mudziyo inofanira kusarudzwa maererano nepamusoro pekushanda nharaunda. Zviviri, electric valve function zvinodiwa Maererano nezvinodiwa zvehuinjiniya, yevhavha yemagetsi, basa rayo rekutonga rinopedzwa nemagetsi emagetsi (switch type, regulator type). Chinangwa chekushandisa vharuvhu yemagetsi ndechekuvhura, kuvhara uye kugadzirisa kubatanidza kwevharuvhu kuti uwane isiri-yakagadzirwa magetsi kutonga kana kutonga komputa. Parizvino, kushandiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi hakusi chete kuchengetedza vashandi, nokuti basa uye hutano hwevagadziri vakasiyana-siyana vezvigadzirwa zvakasiyana, saka, kusarudzwa kwemagetsi emagetsi uye kusarudzwa kwevhavha kunokosha kuhutano hweinjiniya. Tatu, kudzora kwemagetsi evhavha yemagetsi Zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zveindasitiri otomatiki munyika yedu, rumwe rutivi rwakatarisana nekuwedzera uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwevharuvhu yemagetsi, rumwe rutivi rwakatarisana nemagetsi emagetsi ekudzora zvinodiwa zvakare akakwira uye akaomarara. Saka dhizaini yevhavha yemagetsi mukutonga kwemagetsi inogara ichivandudzwa. Nekuvandudzwa kwesainzi uye tekinoroji, nzira nyowani uye dzakasiyana-siyana dzekudzora magetsi dzicharamba dzichibuda. Nokuda kwekufungisisa kwekutonga kwese kwevhavha yemagetsi, kutarisa kunofanira kubhadharwa kune kusarudzwa kwemaitiro ekugadzirisa kwevhavha yemagetsi. Semuenzaniso, maererano nezvinodiwa zvepurojekiti, kana kushandisa iyo centralized control mode, ichiri imwe chete yekudzora modhi, ingave yekubatanidza nemimwe michina, kutonga kwechirongwa kuchiri kushandiswa kwechirongwa checomputer, zvichingodaro, kutonga kwayo. nheyo yakasiyana. Sample yakapihwa nemugadziri wemagetsi evhavha ndiyo chiyero chekudzora magetsi, saka chikamu chekushandisa chinofanira kunge chiri kuburitswa kwehunyanzvi nemugadziri wemagetsi emagetsi kuti ajekese zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi. Mukuwedzera, pakusarudza mavharuvhu emagetsi, tinofanira kufunga nezvekutenga mamwe magetsi emagetsi emagetsi. Kazhinji, mutongi anotengwa zvakasiyana. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kana uchishandisa kutonga kumwe chete, zvakakosha kutenga mutongi, nokuti kutenga kwemutongi kuri nyore uye kwakachipa kudarika dhizaini nekugadzirwa kwemushandisi. Kana iyo magetsi ekutonga basa isingakwanise kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zveinjiniya, inofanirwa kuiswa pamberi pechigadzirwa chekugadzira kuti chigadzirise kana kugadzirazve. Valve yemagetsi mudziyo chinhu chakakosha kuona kudzora chirongwa chevhavha, otomatiki kudzora uye kure kure. Maitiro ayo ekufambisa anogona kudzorwa nesitiroko, torque kana saizi yeaxial thrust. Nekuti maitiro ekushanda uye chiyero chekushandiswa kwevhavhavha yemagetsi mudziyo zvinoenderana nerudzi rwevhavha, iyo yekushanda yakatarwa yechigadzirwa uye chinzvimbo chevhavha mupombi kana michina, saka, kusarudzwa kwakaringana kwevhavha yemagetsi mudziyo kwakakosha kudzivirira iyo overload phenomenon (kushanda torque yakakwirira kupfuura torque yekudzora). Kazhinji, kusarudzwa kwakarurama kwevhavha yemagetsi emagetsi inobva pane zvinotevera: Kushanda torque Iyo inoshandiswa torque ndiyo huru parameter yekusarudza valve yemagetsi. Iyo inobuda torque yechishandiso chemagetsi inofanira kunge iri 1.21.5 nguva iyo torque yevhavha inoshanda katatu. Kune mhando mbiri dzemakina emuchina chimiro chekudzora iyo thrust valve yemagetsi mudziyo: imwe haina kugadziridzwa ne thrust disc, yakananga kubuda torque; Imwe yacho kugadziridzwa kweiyo thrust disc, iyo inobuda torque kuburikidza nekukanda disc stem nati mune inoburitsa inoburitsa. Output shaft rolling ring number vharafu yemagetsi inobuda shaft inotenderedza mhete nhamba uye dhayamita yezita revharuhu stem pitch, nhamba yeshinda, zvichienderana neM=H/ZS kuverenga (M yemagetsi mudziyo unofanirwa kugutsikana nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemhete , H yehurefu hwekuvhura vharafu, S yevharuvhu dzinde dhiraivha shinda inonamira, Z yevharuvhu dzinde shinda nhamba). Dzinde dhayamita kune akawanda-kutendeuka akavhurika-tsvimbo mavharuvhu, kana hombe dzinde dhayamita inobvumirana nemagetsi mudziyo haigoni kupfuura nepakati vharafu hunde, haigoni akaungana muvharuvhu yemagetsi. Nokudaro, dhayamita yemukati yegomba rinobuda shaft yemagetsi emagetsi inofanira kuva yakakura kudarika dhayamita yekunze yehunde yevhavha yakazaruka. Kune mavharuvhu etsvimbo yakasviba mudhipatimendi anotenderera mavharuvhu uye akawanda-anotenderera mavharuvhu, kunyangwe zvisingakodzeri kufunga dhayamita yehunde yevhavha, dhayamita yehunde yevharuvhu uye saizi yenzira yakakosha inofanirawo kutariswa zvizere mu kusarudzwa, kuitira kuti gungano rishande zvakajairika. Kana iyo yekuvhura uye yekuvhara yekumhanyisa yevhavha yekubuda yakakurumidza, zviri nyore kugadzira mvura percussion phenomenon. Nokudaro, kuzarura kwakakodzera uye kuvhara nokukurumidza kunofanira kusarudzwa maererano nemamiriro akasiyana ekushandisa. Chigadzirwa chemagetsi chevhavha chine zvachinodiwa, ndiko kuti, chinofanira kukwanisa kudzikamisa torque kana axial simba. Kazhinji, mudziyo wemagetsi wevharuvhu unoshandisa torque-inomisa coupling. Kana iyo yakatarwa yechigadzirwa chemagetsi yakatemwa, torque yayo yekutonga inotemwa. Kazhinji munguva yakafanotemerwa yekushanda, mota haizoremedzi. Asi zvakadai semamiriro ezvinhu anotevera anogona kutungamirira kune kuwandisa: kutanga, simba rekushandisa rakaderera, harigoni kuwana torque inodiwa, kuitira kuti motokari irege kutenderera; Chechipiri, iyo torque yekumisikidza nzira inogadziriswa zvisizvo kuti iite yakakura kupfuura yese torque, zvichikonzera kuenderera kwakanyanyisa torque, kuitira kuti mota igare ichitenderera; Chechitatu, kushandiswa kwepakati, kwakagadzirwa kupisa kwekuchengetedza, kupfuura kukoshesa kwekushisa kwemotokari; Chechina, dunhu reiyo torque yekumisikidza michina inokundikana nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero, zvekuti torque yakakura kwazvo; Chechishanu, kushandiswa kweambient tembiricha yakawandisa, zvekuti kupisa kwemota kwemota kunodzikira zvishoma. Nzira dzakapfuura dzekudzivirira mota ndeye kushandisa fuses, overcurrent relays, thermal relays, thermostats, nezvimwewo, asi nzira idzi dzine zvakanakira uye nekuipa. Iko hakuna yakavimbika nzira yekudzivirira yemagetsi mudziyo ine inochinja-chinja. Saka, zvinodikanwa kutora nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekubatanidza, dzakapfupikiswa mumhando mbiri: imwe ndeyekuona kuwedzera kana kuderera kweiyo injini yekupinza ikozvino; Chechipiri ndechekuona kupisa kwemota pachayo. Idzi nzira mbiri, zvisinei nerudzi rwemota yekupisa kugona kufunga iyo yakapihwa nguva margin. Uye zvakare, iyo yekutanga nzira yekudzivirira yekuremedza ndeye: iyo yakawandisa kuchengetedzwa kwekuenderera mberi kwekushanda kana poindi yekushanda kwemota, iyo thermostat inoshandiswa; Thermal relay inoshandiswa kuchengetedza mota ichivharira; Kune tsaona pfupi dzedunhu, fuse kana overcurrent relay inoshandiswa. Mashandisiro emagetsi vharafu yemagetsi nemazvo Kudzora kwemagetsi kwevharuvhu yemagetsi nekuda kwekuenderera mberi kwedanho remaindasitiri otomatiki zvinodiwa, rimwe divi rakatarisana nekushandiswa kwemavharuvhu emagetsi akawanda, rimwe divi rakatarisana nezvinodiwa zvekutonga zvemavharuvhu emagetsi zviri kuitika. yakakwirira uye yakakwirira, yakawanda uye yakawanda yakaoma. Saka vheji yemagetsi mudivi rekutonga kwemagetsi rekugadzira rinogara richivandudzwa. Nekuvandudzwa kwesainzi uye tekinoroji uye kufarirwa kwekombuta, nzira itsva uye dzakasiyana-siyana dzekudzora magetsi dzicharamba dzichikwira. Nokuda kwekufungisisa kwekutonga kwese kwevhavha yemagetsi, kutarisa kunofanira kubhadharwa kune kusarudzwa kwemaitiro ekugadzirisa kwevhavha yemagetsi. Semuenzaniso, maererano nezvinodiwa zvepurojekiti, kana kushandisa iyo centralized control mode, ichiri imwe chete yekudzora modhi, ingave yekubatanidza nemimwe michina, kutonga kwechirongwa kuchiri kushandiswa kwechirongwa checomputer, zvichingodaro, kutonga kwayo. nheyo yakasiyana. Sample yakapihwa nemugadziri wemagetsi evhavha ndiyo chiyero chekudzora magetsi, saka chikamu chekushandisa chinofanira kunge chiri kuburitswa kwehunyanzvi nemugadziri wemagetsi emagetsi kuti ajekese zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi. Mukuwedzera, pakusarudza mavharuvhu emagetsi, tinofanira kufunga nezvekutenga mamwe magetsi emagetsi emagetsi. Kazhinji, mutongi anotengwa zvakasiyana. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kana uchishandisa kutonga kumwe chete, zvakakosha kutenga mutongi, nokuti kutenga kwemutongi kuri nyore uye kunodhura kudarika dhizaini yekugadzira nekugadzira. Kana magetsi ekudzora basa asingakwanise kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zveinjiniya dhizaini, inofanirwa kuiswa pamberi pechigadzirwa chekugadzira kuti chigadzirise kana kugadzirazve. Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvehuinjiniya, basa rekutonga revhavha yemagetsi rinopedzwa nemagetsi emagetsi. Chinangwa chekushandisa vharuvhu yemagetsi ndechekuvhura, kuvhara uye kugadzirisa kubatanidza kwevharuvhu kuti uwane isiri-yakagadzirwa magetsi kutonga kana kutonga komputa. Ikozvino kushandiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi hakusi kungochengetedza manpower. Nemhaka yokuti basa uye hutano hwezvigadzirwa zvevagadziri vakasiyana zvakasiyana, saka, kusarudzwa kwemagetsi emagetsi uye kusarudzwa kwevhavha kunokosha kune kuenzana kweinjiniya. Muinjiniya yepombi, kusarudzwa kwakaringana kwemavharuvhu emagetsi ndeimwe yezvinodiwa kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa. Kana iyo valve yemagetsi inoshandiswa isina kusarudzwa zvakanaka, haizokanganisa kushandiswa, asiwo inounza migumisiro yakaipa kana kurasikirwa kwakanyanya. Nokudaro, vheji yemagetsi inofanira kusarudzwa zvakarurama mukugadzirwa kweinjiniya yepombi. Mukuwedzera kune mapaipi epipeline, valve yemagetsi inofanira kubhadhara zvakanyanya kune zvakatipoteredza nzvimbo yebasa rayo. Nemhaka yokuti chigadziro chemagetsi muvhavha yemagetsi chigadziro chemagetsi uye magetsi, mamiriro ayo ekushanda anokonzerwa zvikuru nemamiriro ayo ekushanda. Kazhinji, valve yemagetsi iri munharaunda yekushanda inotevera: 1. Kuiswa kwemukati kana kushandiswa kwekunze nemaitiro ekudzivirira; 2, kuiswa kwekunze, mhepo, jecha, mvura, kupenya kwezuva uye kumwe kuora; 3, ine moto, gasi rinoputika kana guruva nharaunda; 4, nzvimbo inopisa uye ine mwando, yakaoma nzvimbo dzinopisa; 5, tembiricha yepiipi yepakati yakakwira kusvika 480 ℃ kana pamusoro; 6, tembiricha iri pazasi -20 ℃; 7. Zviri nyore kunyudzwa kana kunyudzwa mumvura; 8, ine radioactive zvinhu (nyukireya magetsi zvidyarwa uye radioactive zvinhu bvunzo midziyo) nharaunda; 9. Mamiriro ezvinhu pachikepe kana dock (nemunyu spray, mold, wet); 10, ine zviitiko zvechisimba zvekudengenyeka; 11, inowanzoitika nguva dzemoto; Nokuda kwevhavha yemagetsi munharaunda iri pamusoro, maitiro ayo emagetsi emagetsi, zvinhu uye matanho ekudzivirira zvakasiyana. Nokudaro, iyo inoenderana valve yemagetsi mudziyo inofanira kusarudzwa maererano nepamusoro pekushanda nharaunda.