Zvakawanda sei zvaunoziva nezve mavharuvhu?

Zvakawanda sei zvaunoziva nezvazvomavharuvhu?

Nhanganyaya: kuburikidza nemitemo yepasi rose yezvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki zvevharuvhu uye nzira dzekuyedza yezvakagadzirwa zvinhu zvinodiwa, dhizaini zvinodiwa uye zvinodiwa zvekugadzira, kuita zvinodiwa, nzira yekuyedza, system application zvinodiwa uye kushandiswa kwekumanikidza uye tembiricha, nezvimwe, hukama huripo hunogona kunzwisisa kudiwa. yepurasitiki valve chisimbiso bvunzo, torque bvunzo uye kuneta simba bvunzo uye zvichingodaro zvakakosha zvemhando yekudzora zvinodiwa. Zvinodiwa zvevhavha chigaro chisimbiso bvunzo, vharafu muviri chisimbiso bvunzo, vharafu simba remuviri bvunzo, vharafu yenguva refu bvunzo, kuneta simba bvunzo uye inoshanda torque inopfupikiswa muchimiro chetafura. Kuburikidza nekukurukurirana kwematambudziko akati wandei mumiyero yepasirese, vagadziri nevashandisi vemavharuvhu epurasitiki vane hanya. Nekuwedzera kwechikamu chepombi yepurasitiki mumvura inotonhora uye inopisa uye mainjiniya epombi yepombi, kudzora kwemhando yevharuvhu yepurasitiki mumapaipi epurasitiki kunowedzera kukosha. Nekuti vharafu yepurasitiki ine zvakanakira uremu huremu, corrosion resistance, hapana adsorption scale, uye epurasitiki pombi yekubatanidza yekubatanidza uye hupenyu hurefu hwebasa, vharafu yepurasitiki mumvura (kunyanya mvura inopisa nekudziya) uye kushandiswa kwemaindasitiri kweimwe mvura mupombi yepurasitiki. system, mabhenefiti ayo ekushandisa mamwe mavharuvhu haagone kuenzaniswa. Parizvino mukugadzirwa kwemumba uye kushandiswa kwemavharuvhu epurasitiki, kutonga kwayo hakuna nzira yakavimbika, mvura uye mamwe mavharuvhu epurasitiki emvura anoshandiswa mumaindasitiri emhando yechigadzirwa haana kuenzana, iko kushandiswa kweinjiniya kwekuvharika kwelax uye leakage phenomenon kwakakomba, kuumbwa kwepurasitiki. vharafu haigone kushandisa, inokanganisa kukura kwese kwepurasitiki pombi application. Iyo yenyika chiyero chevharuvhu yepurasitiki munyika yedu iri mukugadzira, chiyero chechigadzirwa uye nzira chiyero chinogadzirwa zvinoenderana neyakajairwa pasi rose. International epurasitiki mavharuvhu marudzi anonyanya bhora vharafu, butterfly vharafu, cheki vharafu, diaphragm vharafu uye globe vharafu, chimiro chikuru chimiro maviri, matatu uye multi-nzira vharafu, chikuru mbishi zvinhu ABS, PVC-U, PVC- C, PB, PE, PP uye PVDF uye zvichingodaro. Muchiyero chepasi rose chezvigadzirwa zvemavharuvhu epurasitiki, kutanga kune zvese, zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa mukugadzira mavharuvhu zvinodiwa. Vagadziri vezvinhu zvakabikwa vanofanirwa kunge vaine zvinokambaira zvekutadza macurves zvinoenderana nechiyero chezvigadzirwa zvepombi dzepurasitiki. Panguva imwecheteyo, bvunzo yekuisa chisimbiso, bvunzo yemuviri wevhavha, bvunzo yekushanda kwenguva refu, kuyedza simba rekuneta uye torque yekushandisa yevharuvhu yose inotarwa, uye hupenyu hwebasa rekugadzira yevharuvhu yepurasitiki inoshandiswa pakufambisa kwemaindasitiri emvura ndeye makore makumi maviri nemashanu. TS EN ISO 15493: 2003 Plastics Piping Systems yekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri - ABS, PVC-U uye PVC-Pipe uye akakodzera masisitimu - Mamiriro epombi uye masisitimu ekuisa - Mamiriro echikamu chekutanga chemuviri wevhavha, bhoneti uye bhoneti zvinoenderana neISO. 15493: 2003 Plastics Piping Systems yekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri - ABS, PVC-U uye PVC-C - Pipe uye fitting Systems - Kutsanangurwa kwechikamu chekutanga chemuviri wevharuvhu, bhoneti uye bhoneti ichaenderana ne ISO 15493: 2003 Plastic Piping Systems yekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri - ABS, PVC-U uye PVC-C - Pipe uye yakakodzera Systems Metric akateedzana uye ISO. 15494: 2003 Plastics Piping Systems yekushandiswa kwemaindasitiri - PB, PE uye PP - Mapaipi uye Fittings Systems. tsanangudzo - *** Chikamu: Metric Series. A) Kana vharuvhu * iine gwara rinotakura, ichaiswa chiratidzo nemiseve kunze kwemuviri wevharuvhu. Mavharuvhu e symmetrical dhizaini achave akakodzera nzira mbiri kuyerera uye kuzviparadzanisa. B) Chikamu chekuisa chisimbiso chinofambiswa nevhavha hunde kuvhura uye kuvhara vharafu. Inofanira kuiswa panzvimbo yekupedzisira kana chero nzvimbo yepakati nekukweshana kana actuator, uye iyo fluid pressure haigone kuchinja nzvimbo yayo. C) Maererano ne EN736-3, diki kuburikidza negomba muvhavha yevhavha inofanira kuenderana nemapoinzi maviri anotevera: - kune chero kupi zvako kwevhavha yepakati kuyerera, haifanire kunge iri pasi pe90% yevhavha DN kukosha; Kune mavharuvhu anodiwa kuti aderedze kuyerera kwepakati nepakati, mugadziri achataura hushoma chaihwo kuburikidza neburi. D) Chisimbiso pakati pehunde nemuviri chichaenderana neEN736-3. E) Nezvekupikiswa kwekupfeka kwemavharuvhu, dhizaini yevhavha ichafunga nezve hupenyu hwesevhisi yezvikamu zvakasakara, kana mugadziri acharatidza mumirayiridzo yekushandisa mazano ekutsiva iyo valve yese. F) ese mavharuvhu anoshanda mavharuvhu achave nekuyerera kwe3m/s. G) Kana ichionekwa kubva pamusoro pevharuvhu, mubato wevharuvhu kana handwheel ichavhara vharafu newachi. 3 Kugadzira zvinodiwa a) Kuita kwezvakatengwa zvinhu zvakabikwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvemugadziri wezvigadzirwa uye zvinosangana nezviyero zvechigadzirwa. B) Iyo kodhi yezvinhu zvakasvibirira, dhayamita DN uye zita rekumanikidza PN ichaiswa chiratidzo pamutumbi wevharuvhu. C) Muviri wevharuvhu uchaiswa chiratidzo nezita remugadziri kana chiratidzo chemugadziri. D) Muviri wevharuvhu uchaiswa chiratidzo nezuva rekugadzira kana nhamba yekodhi. E) Muviri wevharuvhu uchaiswa chiratidzo nekodhi yenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemugadziri. 4 yenguva pfupi yekushanda inodikanwa kuita kwenguva pfupi muyero yechigadzirwa ndeye fekitori yekuongorora zvinhu, kunyanya kuita chisimbiso bvunzo yechigaro chevharuvhu uye vharuvhu muviri sealing bvunzo, inoshandiswa kutarisa kuiswa chisimbiso kwemavharuvhu epurasitiki, mavharuvhu epurasitiki anogona isina kudonha kwemukati (valve seat leakage) chiitiko, zvakare haigone kuve nekunze kuvuza (vharuvhu kuvuza) chiitiko. Muedzo wekuvhara chigaro chevhavha ndeyekusimbisa mashandiro evhavha yekuzviparadzanisa pombi system; Iyo valve body seal test ndeyekutarisa kuvuza kwevhavha stem chisimbiso uye chisimbiso chevharuvhu yakabatana. Ivhavha yepurasitiki uye pipeline system yakabatanidzwa nekubatanidza welding: iyo yekunze dhayamita yevhavha yekubatanidza chikamu yakaenzana nehupamhi hwekunze hwepombi, uye chiso chekupedzisira chechikamu chekubatanidza chevhavha chinosungirirwa maererano nekuguma kwepombi; Socket bonding connection: chikamu chekubatanidza chevhavha chiri muchimiro chesokisi, iyo inosungirirwa nemagetsi epombi; Electric fusion socket connection: chikamu chekubatanidza valve ndiyo fomu ine socket ine magetsi ekupisa waya mudhayamita yemukati, uye inosanganiswa nemagetsi nepombi; Socket inopisa melt connection: chikamu chekubatanidza valve ndiyo fomu yesokisi, uye pombi yakabatanidzwa nehot melt socket; Socket bonding connection: chikamu chekubatanidza valve chiri muchimiro chechigadziko, uye pombi inosungirirwa socket connection; Kutakura rubber sealing ring connection: iyo valve yekubatanidza chikamu ndiyo inotakura fomu ye inlaid rubber sealing ring, uye pombi yakabatana ne socket; Kubatana kweFlange: chikamu chekubatanidza chevhavha chiri muchimiro cheflange, chakabatana neflange papombi; Thread connection: chikamu chekubatanidza valve chiri mumhando yeshinda, yakabatanidzwa neshinda papombi kana pombi fittings; Live connection: chikamu chekubatanidza chevhavha chiri muchimiro chekubatanidza mhenyu, uye pombi kana pombi fittings zvakabatana. Kubatana kwakasiyana kunogona kuitwa panguva imwe chete pavhavha imwechete. Nekuwedzera kwekushisa, hupenyu hwebasa hwemavhavha epurasitiki hunofanira kupfupiswa. Kuti uchengetedze hupenyu hwesevhisi hwakafanana, unofanirwa kuderedza kumanikidzwa kwebasa.
Zvakawanda sei zvaunoziva nezve mavharuvhu?
Pipe flanges inonyanya kusanganisira yakakosha (IF), plate flat welding (PL), neck flat welding (SO), neck butt welding (WN), socket welding (SW), sikuruu (Th), butt welding ring loose sleeve (PJ/SE )/(LF/SE), flat welding ring loose sleeve (PJ/RJ) uye flange cover (BL), nezvimwewo.
The valve base
1, nzira huru yekubatanidza valve ndeye: flange, shinda, welding, clamping
2, iro basa rekutanga revhavha: cheka pakati, gadzirisa kuyerera, shandura mafambiro ekuyerera
3, iwo akakosha maparamita evharuvhu ndeaya: zita rekumanikidza PN, zita rekuti DN
4, valve pressure - tembiricha giredhi: zvinhu zvakasiyana, tembiricha yekushanda yakasiyana, kubvumira kusakanganisa kushanda kumanikidza kwakasiyana
5, pombi flange zviyero zvakanyanya zvine maviri masisitimu: European system neAmerican system.
Kusiyanisa akakodzera nekumanikidza giredhi:
European system ndeye PN0.25, 0.6, 1.0, 1.6, 2.5, 4.0, 6.3, 10.0, 16.0, 25.0, 32.0, 40.0MPa;
The American system is PN1.0(CIass75), 2.0(CIass150), 5.0(CIass300), 11.0(CIass600), 15.0(CIass900), 26.0(CIass1500), 42.0(CIass2500)MPa.
Mavharuvhu akajairika (universal).
1, vharafu mhando kodhi Z, J, L, Q, D, G, X, H, A, Y, S zvakateerana: vharafu yegedhi, vharafu yepasi, throttle vharafu, bhora vharafu, butterfly vharafu, diaphragm vharafu, plug vharafu, cheki vharafu, vharafu yekuchengetedza, vharafu yekudzikisa dhiri, musungo vharafu
2, kodhi yekubatanidza vharuvhu 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 zvakateerana: 1 - shinda yemukati, 2 - shinda yekunze, 4 - flange, 6 - welding, 7 - simbi
3, iyo valve transmission mode code 9, 6, 3 zvakateerana: 9 - magetsi, 6 - pneumatic, 3 - turbo worm.
4, valve body material code Z, K, Q, T, C, P, R, V zvakateerana: grey cast iron, inogadzika simbi, ductile cast iron, mhangura uye alloy, carbon simbi, chromium nickel simbi isina tsvina, chromium nickel molybdenum. simbi isina tsvina, chromium molybdenum vanadium simbi
5, chigaro chekuisa chisimbiso kana kodhi kodhi R, T, X, S, N, F, H, Y, J, M, W zvakateerana: austenitic Stainless simbi, copper alloy, rabha, plastiki, naironi plastiki, fluorine plastiki, Cr Stainless simbi. , hard alloy, rubber lining, Monel alloy, valve body material
6, simbi yakakandwa vharafu muviri haina kukodzera chiitiko: inopfuta uye inoputika mvura; Iko tembiricha ye ambient iri pazasi -20 ℃; Compressed gasi; Mupfunga wemvura kana gasi rakanyorova rine mvura yakawanda.
Flange sealing surface type inonyanya kusanganisira: full plane (FF), protrusive surface (RF), concave (FM) convex surface (M), tenon (T) groove (G) pamusoro, mhete yekubatanidza pamusoro (RJ), nezvimwewo.